54 research outputs found
Boron Subnaphthalocyanines: The First Unsubstituted Examples, New Boron Lewis Acids, Random Bay Position Halogenation, and Computational Material Screening
No full textBoron subnaphthalocyanines (BsubNcs) are a class of materials that our lab has shown to be alloyed mixtures of derivatives that are randomly chlorinated in the bay positions, resulting from their formation from boron trichloride. These alloyed mixtures were shown to have a positive influence on the functionality of organic photovoltaics whereby an increase in the amount of bay position chlorination was found to increase power conversion efficiency. The bay position chlorinated BsubNcs were also found to be stable in the ambient environment within organic solar cells which also justified their further development. The alloying of these materials leads to a potentially unique opportunity to tailor the alloyed mixture for a desired application by blending pure or partially separated samples of BsubNcs. Herein we lay the groundwork for achieving this goal. We explore the separation of bay position halogenated (chlorinated and brominated) BsubNcs enabled by their functionalization with phenolic axial moieties. We develop an understanding of the dependence of their physical properties on the frequency of bay position halogenation and developed improved analytical techniques for this class of materials. We also present a new method for the synthesis of BsubNcs that circumvents the generation of bay position halogenated species, resulting in the first examples of pure unsubstituted BsubNcs. To achieve this, we proposed that a non-halide boron based Lewis acid is required, and that a balance of the Lewis acidity of the boron source and the Lewis basicity of the BsubNc precursor can guide the synthesis of BsubNcs. After achieving this desired outcome, we also explored the application of this method for the synthesis of the related boron subphthalocyanines (BsubPcs) and as the macrocycles were formed, we found potential for the broad application of this methodology. A computationally calibrated model to screen key material properties of BsubPcs for their accelerated development was also developed. We uniquely found a method that can achieve this with a standard laptop and software that is free to academia. We anticipate that incorporation of BsubNcs into the model will be possible as the key material properties have been determined for BsubNcs developed in this thesis.Ph.D.2022-11-29 00:00:0
Growing Resistance: Community Gardens as Counter Spaces
No full textThe author has granted permission for their work to be available to the general public.As the COVID-19 pandemic keeps many away from public indoor spaces there is increase in both the number of and the interaction with community gardens. Thus, I argue that these spaces are becoming increasingly important for anthropological study because of their expansion and potential to create sociopolitical change. While various fields from geography to food studies have examined gardens in the context of food access, I will address gaps in the literature by studying the capacity of garden spaces to collectivize like-minded individuals and provide an alternative to capitalism. Drawing on my ethnographic research, I argue that community gardens, like Gardopia Gardens in San Antonio, function as anti-capitalist counter spaces (Lefebvre 1991). This designator is deserved as these spaces: challenge the urban/rural divide, help individuals become both increasingly self-sustaining and community oriented, provide an alternative food source to grocery chains and big agribusinesses, queer the student/ teacher dichotomy, value communal relationships through the practice of commoning, deny profit in favor of donations, and have the potential to change both individual and group mindset through educational practices. Within this discussion I also examine the motivation of unpaid volunteers and the importance of nonhuman actors to further argue that community gardens are anti-capitalist as they challenge capitalist notions of labor and the domination of more-than-humans. The aim of this research is to highlight these creative spaces and their productive capacity to create systemic change in the United States' food system.Anthropolog
Obstacles on the path: An exposition of the experience of car-free living
No full textThe contemporary focus by local and central government on the promotion of sustainable transport options has highlighted the need for commuting to move away from the current dependence on private cars to more public and active (walking and cycling) modes of transport. Given the prominence of the motor car in personal transport options however, choosing to live car-free in this car dependent culture appears at first glance to be an irrational choice. This research explores the lived experiences of a group of Hamilton residents who have made such a choice. Using a grounded theory approach, the thesis presents the results of interviews with nine car-free Hamilton residents who shared their personal transport stories, which include their childhood experiences, but focus on their current everyday practices and experiences. Through semi-structured interviews, the costs and benefits of a car-free lifestyle are articulated and analysed. Their motivations for choosing to forgo cars and their solutions for overcoming potential barriers to car-free living are also reported and explored. The collected data generated a range of themes which are presented in three chapters, each covering a specific aspect of the participants’ stories. The first group of themes relate to the public sphere, the second to the private realm and the final group emanates from specific elements of car-free living that the thesis sought to clarify through the participants’ stories. The key finding is that living car-free within Hamilton City is viewed by the participants as a well reasoned and eminently sensible choice, which produces multiple benefits. In addition to their reduced environmental footprints, the participants value the social interaction associated with active and public transport. Their consensus is that they are healthier, wealthier and more involved members of the community. The most problematic areas of living without a car were associated with recreational and social activities, which often do not coincide with public transport schedules or involve distances too great for active transport. The benefits far outweigh any disadvantages however, and ultimately, this thesis concludes that a motor car is not necessary for the everyday activities of urban living in Hamilton and any associated inconveniences are not as insurmountable as generally imagined
An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Neurodivergent Students who Pursued a Degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at a CACREP Accredited Program
No full textThe full text of this item is not available at this time because the author has placed this item under an embargo until November 15, 2025.This qualitative dissertation explores the lived experiences of neurodivergent individuals who graduated from CACREP-accredited clinical mental health counseling programs. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and grounded in neurodiversity theory, this study examined how neurodivergent students made sense of their identities and educational experiences in systems often rooted in deficit-based, medical models of disability. Ten participants engaged in semi-structured interviews, resulting in four superordinate themes: Neurodiversity and Identity; The Counseling Program; Barriers, Pressures, and Burdens; and Recommendations for Programs.
Findings revealed that neurodivergent students build a neurodivergent identity and face challenges, such as masking, lack of accommodations, stigma, and systemic ableism, while simultaneously demonstrating resilience, creativity, and a strong commitment to advocacy. Participants emphasized the need for counselor education to move beyond basic accommodations and adopt neurodiversity-affirming practices that support identity development and flexible learning. This study also highlights the underrepresentation and frequent misunderstanding of neurodivergent individuals in counselor training programs.
The research underscores the importance of faculty awareness, anti-ableist pedagogies, and systemic reform within counselor education. By centering neurodivergent voices, this dissertation contributes to a growing body of literature that redefines professionalism and competence in equitable, inclusive ways. Ultimately, this dissertation calls on the counseling profession to recognize neurodiversity as an essential component of identity and equity, positioning neurodivergent counselors not as exceptions to accommodate but as valuable contributors to the future of the field.Counselin
Analysis of oxygen uptake efficiency parameters in young people with cystic fibrosis
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Springer via the DOI in this recordPURPOSE: This study characterised oxygen uptake efficiency (OUE) in children with mild-to-moderate cystic fibrosis (CF). Specifically, it investigated (1) the utility of OUE parameters as potential submaximal surrogates of peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), and (2) the relationship between OUE and disease severity. METHODS: Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) data were collated from 72 children [36 CF, 36 age- and sex-matched controls (CON)], with OUE assessed as its highest 90-s average (plateau; OUEP), the gas exchange threshold (OUEGET) and respiratory compensation point (OUERCP). Pearson's correlation coefficients, independent t tests and factorial ANOVAs assessed differences between groups and the use of OUE measures as surrogates for [Formula: see text]. RESULTS: A significant (p < 0.05) reduction in allometrically scaled [Formula: see text] and all OUE parameters was found in CF. Significant (p < 0.05) correlations between measurements of OUE and allometrically scaled [Formula: see text], were observed in CF (r = 0.49-0.52) and CON (r = 0.46-0.52). Furthermore, measures of OUE were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with pulmonary function (FEV1%predicted) in CF (r = 0.38-0.46), but not CON (r = -0.20-0.14). OUEP was able to differentiate between different aerobic fitness tertiles in CON but not CF. CONCLUSIONS: OUE parameters were reduced in CF, but were not a suitable surrogate for [Formula: see text]. Clinical teams should, where possible, continue to utilise maximal CPET parameters to measure aerobic fitness in children and adolescents with CF. Future research should assess the prognostic utility of OUEP as it does appear sensitive to disease status and severity.Funding for the original research was provided by a number of Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust Small Grants Fund. In addition, LV Chubbock was awarded a summer scholarship by the Cystic Fibrosis Trust to undertake some of the data analysis for this study
Impaired pulmonary V˙O2 kinetics in cystic fibrosis depend on exercise intensity
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Published online 9th June 2016PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of mild-to-moderate cystic fibrosis (CF) on the pulmonary oxygen uptake (V˙O2) kinetics of 7 pediatric patients (13.5 ± 2.8 y) versus 7 healthy matched controls (CON; 13.6 ± 2.4 y). We hypothesized that CF would slow the V˙O2 kinetic response at the onset of moderate (MOD) and very heavy (VH) intensity cycling. METHODS: Changes in breath-by-breath V˙O2, near-infrared spectroscopy-derived muscle deoxygenation ([HHb]) at the m. vastus lateralis and thoracic bioelectrical impedance-derived heart rate, stroke volume index (SVI) and cardiac index (CI) were measured during repeat transitions to MOD (90% of the gas exchange threshold) and VH (Δ60%) intensity cycling exercise. RESULTS: During MOD, the phase II V˙O2 τ (p=0.84; effect size (ES) = 0.11) and overall mean response time (MRT) (p=0.52; ES=0.11) were not significantly slower in CF versus CON. However, during VH exercise, the phase II V˙O2 τ (p=0.02, ES=1.28) and MRT (p=0.01, ES=1.40) were significantly slower in CF. Cardiac function, central O2 delivery (SVI and CI) and muscle [HHb] kinetics were unaltered in CF. However, the arterial-venous O2 content difference (C(a-V¯)O2) was reduced during VH at 30 s (p=0.03, ES=0.37), with a trend for reduced levels at 0 s (p=0.07, ES=0.25), 60 s (p=0.05, ES=0.28) and 120 s (p=0.07, ES=0.25) in CF. Furthermore, [INCREMENT]C(a-V¯)O2 significantly correlated with the VH phase II V˙O2 τ (r= -0.85; p=0.02) and MRT (r = -0.79; p=0.03) in CF only. CONCLUSION: Impairments in muscle oxidative metabolism during constant work rate exercise are intensity-dependent in young people with mild-to-moderate CF. Specifically, V˙O2 kinetics are slowed during VH but not MOD cycling and appear to be mechanistically linked to impaired muscle O2 extraction and utilization.Funding was provided by the Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter
The oxygen uptake efficiency slope is not a valid surrogate of aerobic fitness in cystic fibrosis
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this record.BACKGROUND: Maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing is recommended on an annual basis for children with cystic fibrosis (CF), due to clinically useful prognostic information provided by maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max ). However, not all patients are able, or willing, to reach V̇O2max , and therefore submaximal alternatives are required. This study explored the validity of the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) as a submaximal measure of V̇O2max in children and adolescents with CF. METHODS: Data were collated from 72 cardiopulmonary exercise tests (36 CF, 36 controls), with OUES determined relative to maximal and submaximal parameters of exercise intensity, time, and individual metabolic thresholds. Pearson's correlation coefficients, independent t-tests, and factorial ANOVAs were used to determine validity. RESULTS: Significant (P 0.05). When split by V̇O2max tertiles, minimal significant differences were found between, and within, groups for OUES, indicating poor discrimination of V̇O2max . CONCLUSIONS: The OUES is not a valid (sub) maximal measure of V̇O2max in children and adolescents with mild-to-moderate CF. Clinicians should continue to use maximal markers (ie, V̇O2max ) of exercise capacity.Funding information: Royal Devon and Exeter NHS FoundationTrust; Cystic Fibrosis Trus
Questioning modern time with Hannah Arendt and Walter Benjamin
No full textFour texts from Arendt and Benjamin are the scene of our thinking. We enact the question of time as a refusal to abide by the modern conception of time, where the present is the only ground of the real. We argue for a notion of time, in which all that-has-been is considered a site of real experience.
Firstly we discuss Arendt's book On Revolution. Through issues such as history, the eventful and revolt we show the usefulness of the question of time to further our understanding. Secondly in Arendt's 'What is Freedom', freedom is discussed beyond the private individual, as a matter of plurality, of living together. The question of time shows freedom grounded beyond the individual's present, in the historical time of plurality.
With Benjamin's essay 'On some motifs in Baudelaire' we show poetry as a challenge to the symbolic environment of the commodity world. Poetry appears as a keeper of our relation to the time of memory and language that precedes us. In Benjamin's 'The Work of Art in the Age of Its Technological Reproducibility', we distinguish art from technology through the question of time. Art's experience
involves an active relation with what-has-been, with past generations; it challenges the technological way of relating to the world that destroys the depth of human expenence.
Finally, Arendt and Benjamin are presented together, stressing their use of history and tradition to address the problems of modernity. Their effort to think the eventful is related to their negation of historical progression. From the question of time, their thinking teaches us a form of critique that denies the preconception of presence as being the totality of the real. Under their gaze presence is revealed as a changing surface under the sway of history, of time
to the author
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Fiction and film : the influence of cinema on writers from Trinidad and Jamaica 1950-1985
No full textThis thesis considers the relationship between film and novels that were published by writers from Trinidad and Jamaica between the years 1950 - 1985. Through close textual analysis and by utilising a combination of cinematic and literary theories, the thesis examines the extent to which filmic references have been absorbed into
fictional writing and reflects upon the implications for such cultural transformations. The thesis also provides a detailed, historical background to the development of cinema in both islands, with a further analysis of the specific role played by the Hindi film in Trinidad. The interdisciplinary nature of the literary analysis and the detailed historical data contained herein should be considered an original contribution to knowledge within the field of Caribbean studies
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