241 research outputs found
Monocarboxylate Transporters MCT1 and MCT4 Regulate Migration and Invasion of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells
No full textObjectives Novel treatments for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are severely needed. The aim of this work was to explore the roles of H+-lactate monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 (MCT1 and MCT4) in PDAC cell migration and invasiveness. Methods Monocarboxylate transporter expression, localization, activity, and function were explored in human PDAC cells (MIAPaCa-2, Panc-1, BxPC-3, AsPC-1) and normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells, by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, lactate flux, migration, and invasion assays. Results MCT1 and MCT4 (messenger RNA, protein) were robustly expressed in all PDAC lines, localizing to the plasma membrane. Lactate influx capacity was highest in AsPC-1 cells and lowest in HPDE cells and was inhibited by the MCT inhibitor α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (4-CIN), MCT1/MCT2 inhibitor AR-C155858, or knockdown of MCT1 or MCT4. PDAC cell migration was largely unaffected by MCT1/MCT2 inhibition or MCT1 knockdown but was reduced by 4-CIN and by MCT4 knockdown (BxPC-3). Invasion measured in Boyden chamber (BxPC-3, Panc-1) and spheroid outgrowth (BxPC-3) assays was attenuated by 4-CIN and AR-C155858 and by MCT1 or MCT4 knockdown. Conclusions Human PDAC cells exhibit robust MCT1 and MCT4 expression and partially MCT1- and MCT4-dependent lactate flux. PDAC cell migration is partially dependent on MCT4; and invasion, on MCT1 and MCT4. Inhibition of MCT1 and MCT4 may have clinical relevance in PDAC
Intracellular Signalling Involved in volume Regulatory Decrease
No full textCellefysiologi, Intracellulær signalering, Volumen regulerin
Cell swelling and volume regulation
No full textThe extracellular space in the brain is typically 20% of the tissue volume and is reduced to at least half its size under conditions of neural insult. Whether there is a minimum size to the extracellular space was discussed. A general model for cell volume regulation was presented, followed by a discussion on how many of the generally involved mechanisms are identified in neural cells and (or) in astrocytes. There seems to be clear evidence suggesting that parallel K+ and Cl- channels mediate regulatory volume decrease in primary cultures of astrocytes, and a stretch-activated cation channel has been reported. The role of the different channels was discussed. A taurine leak pathway is clearly activated after cell swelling both in astrocytes and in neurones. The relations between the effect of glutamate and cell swelling were discussed. Discussion on the clearance of potassium from the extracellular space was continued. Neither the spatial buffering mechanism nor the role of the Na+/K+ pump was discussed here, but additional possibilities for K+ removal were discussed. At a high extracellular K+ concentration there is a possibility of channel-mediated KCl uptake by the glia cells, and a Na-K-2Cl cotransport system is present in astrocytes and seems to play a role at relatively low extracellular K+ concentrations (6-20 mM). The cotransport system is likely to be regulated, but little is known about its regulation in glia cells
Regulation of cell colume and pH in mammalian cells
No full textFysiologi, cellefysiologi, membraner, p
Ion Channels Involved in Cell Volume Regulation: Effects on Migration, Proliferation, and Programmed Cell Death in Non Adherent EAT Cells and Adherent ELA Cells
No full textThis mini review outlines studies of cell volume regulation in two closely related mammalian cell lines: nonadherent Ehrlich ascites tumour cells (EATC) and adherent Ehrlich Lettre ascites (ELA) cells. Focus is on the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) that occurs after cell swelling, the volume regulatory ion channels involved, and the mechanisms (cellular signalling pathways) that regulate these channels. Finally, I shall also briefly review current investigations in these two cell lines that focuses on how changes in cell volume can regulate cell functions such as cell migration, proliferation, and programmed cell death
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