7,681 research outputs found
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Welche Faktoren sind mit einer Reruptur nach superiorer Kapselrekonstruktion der Schulter mit autologer langer Bizepssehne assoziiert? – Ein systematischer Review
No full textZusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert anhand eines systematischen Reviews Faktoren, die mit der Rerupturrate bzw. Nichteinheilung nach superiorer Kapselplastik mit autologer langer Bizepssehne bei der Rekonstruktion der Rotatorenmanschette der Schulter assoziiert sind. Im September 2021 wurde eine systematische Durchsicht der U.S. National Library of Medicine/National Institutes of Health (PubMed) Datenbank und der Cochrane Library unter Anwendung der PRISMA-Checkliste durchgeführt. Arbeiten, die Daten zur Rerupturrate nach superiorer Kapselplastik mit autologer langer Bizepssehne bei der Rekonstruktion der Rotatorenmanschette der Schulter enthalten wurden identifiziert und analysiert. Ziel war die Identifikation von Faktoren, die mit einer Reruptur bzw. Nichteinheilung assoziiert sind. Das Verzerrungsrisiko wurde mit der Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale bestimmt. Es konnten primär 86 Treffer generiert werden. Sieben Artikel aus den Jahren 2020 und 2021 entsprachen den Einschlusskriterien und wurden weitergehend inhaltlich analysiert. Der Evidenzlevel lag bei III–IV. Das Follow-up lag zwischen 12 Monaten (Minimum) und 24 bis 48 Monaten. Das Verzerrungsrisiko war nicht niedrig. Faktoren, die mit einer Reruptur bzw. Nichteinheilung assoziiert sein können, sind ein Diabetes mellitus und eine höhergradige fettige Degeneration von Subscapularis, Infraspinatus oder Teres minor als präoperative Faktoren. Nicht signifikant waren Alter, prozentuale Footprint-Abdeckung, Rupturgröße, Symptomdauer, Anzahl der Bündel, Durchführung einer Akromioplastik und Risskonfiguration. Unterschiedlich bewertet wurden Geschlecht, Verfettungsgrad des Supraspinatus und Läsionen der Subscapularissehne. Gemäß Literatur mit aktuell noch kurzfristigen Beobachtungszeiträumen ist die superiore Kapselplastik mit autologer langer Bizepssehne auch bei massiven Rissen und älteren Patienten eine Behandlungsoption, wenn keine höhergradige fettige Degeneration von Subscapularis, Infraspinatus oder Teres minor vorliegen. Ein Diabetes mellitus ist prognostisch ungünstig. Eine zusätzliche Akromioplastik war bislang nicht mit besseren Ergebnissen assoziiert.Abstract Based on a systematic review, the present work analyses factors associated with the rerupture rate or non-healing after superior capsular reconstruction with autologous long biceps tendon in the reconstruction of the rotator cuff of the shoulder. A systematic review of the U.S. National Library of Medicine/National Institutes of Health (PubMed) database and the Cochrane Library was conducted in September 2021 using the PRISMA checklist. Articles were identified and analysed that contained data on the rerupture rate after superior capsular reconstruction with autologous long biceps tendon in reconstruction of the rotator cuff of the shoulder. The aim was to identify factors associated with rerupture or non-healing. The risk of bias was determined using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Primarily 86 hits could be generated. Seven articles from 2020 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria and were further analysed in terms of content. The evidence level was III to IV. Follow-up was between 12 (minimum) and 24 to 48 months. The risk of bias was not low. Factors that may be associated with rerupture or non-healing are diabetes mellitus and high-grade fatty degeneration of the subscapularis, infraspinatus, or teres minor as preoperative factors. Age, percent footprint coverage, tear size, symptom duration, number of bundles, acromioplasty performed, and tear configuration were not significant factors. Gender, degree of fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus and lesions of the subscapularis tendon were rated differently. According to the literature, but still currently with short-term observation periods, superior capsular reconstruction with an autologous long biceps tendon is another treatment option in the case of massive tears and elderly patients, if there is no high-grade fatty degeneration of the subscapularis, infraspinatus or teres minor. Diabetes mellitus has an unfavorable prognosis. Additional acromioplasty has so far not been associated with better outcomes
Histoire de la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale (1992-1997) (04). Conférence de Daniel Cordier (1) - face B
No full textSéminaire organisé et enregistré par l'IHTP (Paris), entre 1992 et 1997 ; sous la direction de Jean-Pierre Azéma et Dominique Veillon. Conférence de Daniel Cordier
Acalypha echinus Pax & Hoffmann 1924
No full text6. Acalypha echinus Pax & Hoffmann (1924: 20). Neotype (designated here): ― TANZANIA. Tanga: Pangani, Tanga, Mseko (near Mwera) Utupa, 76 m, 20 December 1953, R. Tanner 2525 (K 452448!). Original type: ― TANZANIA. Tanga: Ostafrikanische Steppenprovinz, Deutsch-Ostafrika, Pangani, date unknown, F.L. Stuhlmann 193 (holotype B [destroyed]). Distribution:— Africa. East Tropical Africa: Kenya and Tanzania. Voucher:— KENYA. Tana River District: Tana river National Primate Reserve, 30 m, 16 March 1990, Q . Luke et al. TPR 465 (EA, K, MO, US). References:— Radcliffe-Smith (1987: 197), Lebrun & Stork (1991: 204, 2006: 18), Govaerts et al. (2000: 61), Luke et al. (2005: 56), Klopper et al. (2006: 274), Maingi & Marsh (2006: 216). Note:— Most of Stuhlmann's collections were destroyed in the 1943 Berlin herbarium fire (Hiepko 1987). We designated as neotype a well preserved collection, found in the K herbarium, from the same locality as that of the presumably destroyed original collection.Published as part of Muñoz-Rodríguez, Pablo, Cardiel, José María & Atha, Daniel, 2014, Acalypha subgenus Linostachys (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae): a global review, pp. 199-221 in Phytotaxa 166 (3) on page 207, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/513843
Hip Fractures: Therapy, Timing, and Complication Spectrum
No full textObjective Investigation of the treatment of femur fractures and the type of femur fracture‐associated complications regarding timing of surgery and length of hospital stay. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 358 hip fractures were evaluated retrospectively from 1 January 2008 until 31 December 2010 at a level I trauma center in Germany. Inclusion criteria was age >18 years and a proximal femur fracture. Both sexes were evaluated. Mean age was 75.5 years, most patients were female (63.7%). Intervention was the operative treatment of proximal femur fracture. Outcome parameters were time until surgery, complications, reoperations, mortality, and length of hospital stay. Results Among the proximal femur fractures (n = 358), 46.6% were pertrochanteric, 11.2% subtrochanteric, and 42.2% femoral neck fractures. Operation upon hip fractures was managed regularly within 24 hours of injury (73%; mean for femoral neck: 28.3 hrs.; mean for pertrochanteric fractures: 21.4 hrs.; mean for subtrochanteric fractures: 19.5 hrs.). Delayed treatment, as well as implantation of hip total endoprosthesis (TEP), increased the overall length of hospital stay (15.4 vs 17.6 days; 18.1 vs 15.8 days). Accordingly, surgical procedures performed within 24 hours of injury resulted in a shorter hospital residence. Longest delay of operation was measured for hip fractures (28.3 hrs.). In 351 patients, secondary injuries were detected in 94 individuals (26%), with fractures being the most common secondary injury (n = 40). We recorded postoperative complications of nonsurgical and surgical origin, and 33.6% of our patient cohort displayed complications. Complications were distributed among 118 patients. There was no significant difference in complications regarding the time of operation, with most nonsurgical and surgical complications appearing within 24 hours after operation (n = 110 vs n = 31). Nonsurgical complications, such as anemia (n = 49) and electrolyte imbalances (n = 30), were observed more frequently than surgical complications (n = 107 vs n = 34); however, these complications were reduced by delay in surgery (82.0% in 6–24 hrs. vs 74.2% in ≥24 hrs.). Anticoagulant therapy and age did not affect postoperative complications. The hospital mortality of patients was 6.2%. Follow‐up was restrained to ambulatory visits in the clinic. Conclusions Surgical management of hip fractures performed within 24 hours of injury minimizes hospital stay. We did not detect significant differences in the spectrum or number of complications regarding delay of surgery. Surgical complications mainly occur with rapid primary care, and medical complications can be reduced by more intensive preparation of patient and operation procedures
Inflammasome in Skeletal Muscle: NLRP3 Is an Inflammatory Cell Stress Component in Inclusion Body Myositis
No full textInclusion body myositis (IBM) is a chronic, mostly treatment-resistant, inflammatory myopathy with a pathology that centers around specific interactions between inflammation and protein accumulation. The study aimed to identify the inflammasome as a key event in the complex network of pathomechanisms. Regulation of the inflammasome was assessed in a well-established pro-inflammatory cell culture model using human myoblasts and primary human myotubes. By quantitative PCR, western blot and immunocytochemistry, inflammasome markers including NLRP3 were assessed in muscle cells exposed to the cytokines IL-1β and IFN-γ. The data were corroborated by analysis of muscle biopsies from patients with IBM compared to other myositis subtypes. In the cell culture model of IBM, the NLRP3 inflammasome was significantly overexpressed, as evidenced by western blot (p = 0.03) and quantitative PCR (p < 0.01). Target genes that play a role in inflammasome assembly, T-cell migration, and MHC-I expression (p = 0.009) were highly co-upregulated. NLRP3 was significantly overexpressed in muscle biopsies from IBM samples compared to disease controls (p = 0.049), including other inflammatory myopathies. Due to the extraordinary features of the pathogenesis and the pronounced upregulation of NLRP3 in IBM, the inflammasome could serve as a key molecule that drives the inflammatory cascade as well as protein accumulation in the muscle. These data can be useful for future therapeutic developments.Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 202
Genetic ablation of fibroblast activation protein alpha attenuates left ventricular dilation after myocardial infarction.
No full textIntroductionRegulating excessive activation of fibroblasts may be a promising target to optimize extracellular matrix deposition and myocardial stiffness. Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) is upregulated in activated fibroblasts after myocardial infarction (MI), and alters fibroblast migration in vitro. We hypothesized that FAP depletion may have a protective effect on left ventricular (LV) remodeling after MI.Materials and methodsWe used the model of chronic MI in homozygous FAP deficient mice (FAP-KO, n = 51) and wild type mice (WT, n = 55) to analyze wound healing by monocyte and myofibroblast infiltration. Heart function and remodeling was studied by echocardiography, morphometric analyses including capillary density and myocyte size, collagen content and in vivo cell-proliferation. In non-operated healthy mice up to 6 months of age, morphometric analyses and collagen content was assessed (WT n = 10, FAP-KO n = 19).ResultsHealthy FAP-deficient mice did not show changes in LV structure or differences in collagen content or cardiac morphology. Infarct size, survival and cardiac function were not different between FAP-KO and wildtype mice. FAP-KO animals showed less LV-dilation and a thicker scar, accompanied by a trend towards lower collagen content. Wound healing, assessed by infiltration with inflammatory cells and myofibroblasts were not different between groups.ConclusionWe show that genetic ablation of FAP does not impair cardiac wound healing, and attenuates LV dilation after MI in mice. FAP seems dispensable for normal cardiac function and homeostasis
Ethnic identity, political identity and ethnic conflict: simulating the effect of congruence between the two identities on ethnic violence and conflict
No full textThis thesis outlines and presents an alternative hypothetical process to the emergence of ethnic conflict. Ethnic conflicts, rather than being dependent upon pre-existing 'ancient hatreds', are instead the result of a congruence between ethnic and political identity which grants individuals the ability to use ethnicity to identify and eliminate political threats. This hypothesis is formed by the examination of three case studies of ethnic conflict: Lebanon, Northern Ireland and Croatia. This hypothesis is then formalised and tested using an agent based simulation in which agent interactions are dependent upon ethnic and political identity and the congruence between the two. As predicted there was a strong positive correlation between how accurately ethnic identity reflected political identity and the level of ethnically motivated violence in the simulation, although the relationship was not linear. Furthermore the effect of a shift in congruence was found to be roughly comparable to the effect of initialising agents with a moderate level of pre-existing ethnic antagonism
Outlines of school management, containing lectures on school necessaries, school organization, study ... By Prof. Daniel B. Williams ... With an introductory sketch of the author by D. Webster Davis ...
No full text1st ed.20 p
Key to the genera of the Cerambycidae of western North America
No full textJames R. LaBonte, Joshua B. Dunlap, Daniel R. Clark, Thomas E. Valente, Joshua J. Vlach, Oregon Department of Agriculture.Title from PDF cover (viewed on October 20, 2021).Covers OCLC #1277514227 and OCLC #1226522396.This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
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