72,144 research outputs found
The 1961 Kampong Bukit Ho Swee fire and the making of modern Singapore
Full text linkBy 1970, Singapore’s urban landscape was dominated by high-rise blocks of planned public housing built by the People’s Action Party government, signifying the establishment of a high modernist nation-state. A decade earlier, the margins of the City had been dominated by kampongs, home to semi-autonomous communities of low-income Chinese families which freely built, and rebuilt, unauthorised wooden houses. This change was not merely one of housing but belied a more fundamental realignment of state-society relations in the 1960s. Relocated in Housing and Development Board flats, urban kampong families were progressively integrated into the social fabric of the emergent nation-state. This study examines the pivotal role of an event, the great Kampong Bukit Ho Swee fire of 1961, in bringing about this transformation. The redevelopment of the fire site in the aftermath of the calamity brought to completion the British colonial regime’s ‘emergency’ programmes of resettling urban kampong dwellers in planned accommodation, in particular, of building emergency public housing on the sites of major fires in the 1950s. The PAP’s far greater political resolve, and the timing of and state of emergency occasioned by the scale of the 1961 disaster, enabled the government to rehouse the Bukit Ho Swee fire victims in emergency housing in record time. This in turn provided the HDB with a strategic platform for clearing other kampongs and for transforming their residents into model citizens of the nation-state. The 1961 fire’s symbolic usefulness extended into the 1980s and beyond, in sanctioning the PAP’s new housing redevelopment schemes. The official account of the inferno has also become politically useful for the government of today for disciplining a new generation of Singaporeans against taking the nation’s progress for granted. Against these exalted claims of the fire’s role in the Singapore Story, this study also examines the degree of actual change and continuity in the social and economic lives of the people of Bukit Ho Swee after the inferno. In some crucial ways, the residents continued to occupy a marginal place in society while pondering, too, over the unresolved question of the cause of the fire. These continuities of everyday life reflect the ambivalence with which the citizenry regarded the high modernist state in contemporary Singapore
Cooling rates of neutron stars and the young neutron star in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant
No full textWe explore the thermal state of the neutron star in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant using the recent result of Ho & Heinke that the thermal radiation of this star is well described by a carbon atmosphere model and the emission comes from the entire stellar surface. Starting from neutron star cooling theory, we formulate a robust method to extract neutrino cooling rates of thermally relaxed stars at the neutrino cooling stage from observations of thermal surface radiation. We show how to compare these rates with the rates of standard candles – stars with non-superfluid nucleon cores cooling slowly via the modified Urca process. We find that the internal temperature of standard candles is a well-defined function of the stellar compactness parameter x=rg/R, irrespective of the equation of state of neutron star matter (R and rg are circumferential and gravitational radii, respectively). We demonstrate that the data on the Cassiopeia A neutron star can be explained in terms of three parameters: f?, the neutrino cooling efficiency with respect to the standard candle; the compactness x; and the amount of light elements in the heat-blanketing envelope. For an ordinary (iron) heat-blanketing envelope or a low-mass (? 10?13 M?) carbon envelope, we find the efficiency f?? 1 (standard cooling) for x? 0.5 and f?? 0.02 (slower cooling) for a maximum compactness x? 0.7. A heat blanket containing the maximum mass (?10?8 M?) of light elements increases f? by a factor of 50. We also examine the (unlikely) possibility that the star is still thermally non-relaxe
Synthesis of spherical nanoparticles of Cu2L2O5 (L = Ho, Er) from W/O microemulsions
No full textNanoparticles of Cu2L2O, (L = Ho, Er) (15-25 nm in size) were synthesised by the intermediate use of W/O microemulsions. In this process the aqueous cores of water/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/n-octane/1-butanol microemulsions were used as microreactors for the precipitation of Cu2Ho2(CO3)(4)(OH)(2) (25-30 nm) and Cu2Er2(CO3)(4)(OH)(2) (10-40 nm) as precursors. These mixed salts were separated and further decomposed to the corresponding mixed oxides at 900 degrees C for 16 h. All solids were characterised by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, IR, XRPD, ICP-OES, TCA, XPS measurements and elemental analyses
HIV and tuberculosis in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 1997-2002.
Full text linkIn Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, reporting rates for tuberculosis (TB) are rising in an emerging HIV epidemic. To describe the HIV epidemic among TB patients and quantify its impact on rates of reported TB, we performed a repeated cross-sectional survey from 1997 through 2002 in a randomly selected sample of inner city TB patients. We assessed effect by adjusting TB case reporting rates by the fraction of TB cases attributable to HIV infection. HIV prevalence in TB patients rose exponentially from 1.5% to 9.0% during the study period. Young (<35 years), single, male patients were mostly affected; injection drug use was a potent risk factor. After correction for HIV infection, the trend in TB reporting rates changed from a 1.9% increase to a 0.4% decrease per year. An emerging HIV epidemic, concentrated in young, male, injection drug users, is responsible for increased TB reporting rates in urban Vietnam
Correspondence and Photograph from Ernest W. Wright to Dr. C. A. Bacote, August 30, 1977
No full textCorrespondence between Ernest W. Wright (Employment Security Agency, Georgia Department of Labor) and Dr. C. A. Bacote, 30 August 1977. Enclosed 8"x10" photograph circa 1955, depicting voter registration participants. Written on Verso: "Left to Right: (Seated): Dr. Clarence A. Bacote, Dr. William Hale, Mr. Ron Harris? Dr. Robert Brisbane (Standing): Mr. Michael? Mr. C. A. Scott? Mr. Milton White"
Effect of iron limitation on the growth and cytotoxin production of Salmonella choleraesuis SC-5.
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Faust : Romance Of The Secret Tribunals / By George W. M. Reynolds, Author Of "The Mysteries Of London", "Pickwick Abroad", &c. Illustrated In The First Style Of The Art
No full textFAUST : ROMANCE OF THE SECRET TRIBUNALS / BY GEORGE W. M. REYNOLDS, AUTHOR OF "THE MYSTERIES OF LONDON", "PICKWICK ABROAD", &C. ILLUSTRATED IN THE FIRST STYLE OF THE ART
Faust : Romance Of The Secret Tribunals / By George W. M. Reynolds, Author Of "The Mysteries Of London", "Pickwick Abroad", &c. Illustrated In The First Style Of The Art (1)
Cover (1)
Umschlagtitel (8)
Titelseite (9)
Contents (10)
Illustrations / Prologue (11)
Prologue (12)
Chapter I.-XCV. (14)
Epilogue (119
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