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Nicholas and Anna Ricco Ethics Awards
No full textThis paper was awarded a Nicholas and Anna Ricco Ethics Award for 2013. In this paper, the author discusses the "Triple-P" domains of ethical behavior: (1) the understanding of privacy ethics, (2) regards to piracy and plagiarism, and (3) pilfering and profiteering
An L(^2) representation of the continuum in heavy particle collisions
No full textThis thesis is concerned with the use of L(^2) or square integrable functions as a representation of the electronic continua in ion-atom collisions. An exact representation of the continuum states is considered for comparison. The functions are optimised in an attempt to remove some of the arbitrary features present in such calculations. The original work of this thesis is mainly concerned with the calculation of single electron processes in collisions between He(^2+)ions and neutral lithium atoms. The cross sections for single electron capture were calculated in a close-coupled approximation, using the semi-classical impact parameter method. A maximum of thirty-two atomic orbitals with plane-wave translational factors attached were centred upon the target and projectile. Satisfactory agreement with experimental data is obtained over the He(^2+)laboratory energy range from 8 to 2000 keV. The results show the importance of the continuum over a restricted range of impact energies. The rest of the research is concerned with direct excitation and ionisation in the same collision system and results are given for He"^' laboratory energies between 20 and 6000 keV. The calculations used a similar close-coupled approximation with up to sixty-five basis states. The best ionisation cross sections reproduce the experimental data apart from a normalization factor. The excitation results were more sensitive to basis set choice. The ionisation cross sections were also investigated using an exact representation of the continuum states, using the First Born Approximation and a t-matrix approximation in an attempt to improve upon the results. The relationship between the present calculations and some previous methods are discussed and suggestions for future work are made. These are the first close-coupled estimates of ionisation for this sytem and show that contributions from target d- and f- states dominate the ionisation cross section around its maximum
Forbidden Colors in the Regulation of Clerical Dress from the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) to the Time of Nicholas of Cusa (d. 1464)
No full textMedieval canon law attempted to distinguish clergy from the laity by restricting their dress choices. The article focuses on prohibition of wearing red or green on the street. Both colors were identified with the nobility.The published version was published as Chapter 7 in Medieval Clothing and Textiles 1Izbicki, Thomas M. (2005), "Forbidden Colors in the Regulation of Clerical Dress from the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) to the Time of Nicholas of Cusa (d. 1464)" in Netherton, Robin and Owen-Crocker, Gale R., eds., Medieval Clothing and Textiles 1 (Boydell Press),105-114ISBN: 9781843831235 (published book
The History of the False Raised Band
No full textThe use of material evidence found in the structures and materials of bookbindings has only recently begun to be recognised as a resource in the field of book history studies. This article exemplifies the possibilities inherent in a detailed examination of individual bookbindings and how their construction can inform our understanding of how the books were perceived by their original owners and where they fit into the general culture of book at different historical periodsIt is based on first-hand observations made by the author in many libraries in Europe and North America over 25 years and uses material not otherwise available. The paper on which this article is based was given at the 2004 Annual Book Trade History Conference in London. I have been invited to lecture on related book-binding research at many international forums including Rare Books Schools in London, Melbourne and Virginia; at the Annual Meeting of the Arbeitskreiseinbandforschung, (19-21 October 2006,) Bayerisch Staatsbibliothek, Munchen; in 'Research Projects on Historic Bookbindings', in Atti della Conferanza Internazionale: Scelte e Strategie per la Conservazione della Memoria, Dobbiaco 25-29 June 2002.
The body of research also relates to two other publications 'Bookbinding', in: The Cambridge History of the Book Volume V, 1695-1830, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, and 'How Greek is Greek? Western European imitations of Greek-style bindings', published in the post-prints of the international symposium: The Book in Byzantium: Byzantine and post-Byzantine Bookbinding, Athens
"A is for Abolitionist": Language, Women, Religion, and the Changing World of Juvenile Anti-Slavery Literature
No full textHow do authors use language to communicate directly to children? What exactly was being communicated to the children regarding their role in the antislavery movement? What was being expected of them? The author relies on J.L. Austin’s idea of the performative speech act, which are acts that change the world rather than describe it; they cannot be true or false, but only successful or unsuccessful or, in Austin’s terms, felicitous or infelicitous. Methodology includes an examination of the writings of John Serle and Nicholas Wolterstorff, as well as a historical overview of the role of language and society. The author also examines the social upheaval in the United States from 1830-1860, including capitalism and industrialism
Theory of Optimal Taxation and Current Tax Policy in Pakistan’s Agriculture
No full textpublic finance into the mould of classical welfare economics by emphasising minimisation of dead weight losses resulting from the imposition of a tax or faulty tax structure. As such, these modern theories have much in common with the traditional approach in terms of efficiency and equity. In spite of this, however, the differences remain. For example, the former theories adhere strictly to the norms of classical welfare economics which treats individual consumers as utility maximisers where improvements in welfare involve change that makes one individual better-off without making someone else worse-off [Stern (1987)]. In contrast to the emphasis of traditional theories on lump-sum taxes, the optimum tax literature is concerned with the implication of using non-lump-sum taxes which have a wider range and therefore more useful to the policy-maker. The recent work on normative tax theory looks at the impact of taxation on individual decisions and the trade off between raising revenues or redistributing tax burdens and the efficiency losses [Atkinson (1987)]. Finally, the optimal tax literature may be more pragmatic in its approach than traditional works as it realistically deals with government objectives and constraints and combines them into models that are sufficiently rich to allow for differences between people regarding income and expenditure patterns.
Choral Cathedral Music in the Church of England: An examination into the diversity and potential of contemporary choral-writing at the end of the twentieth century
No full textIn 1964, Erik Routley (1917-1982) published a book entitled Twentieth Century Church Music, an expansive solo debate on the nature and development of contemporary writing for the Church. Routley said, 'this is the beginning of a discussion', yet this remark was to prove ironic: serious criticism of new church music has been minimal since that day, especially within cathedral and high-church circles. However, this is not to say that cathedral music has become static, or that its new repertoire is unworthy of comment. Indeed, in consideration of the wealth of material produced by composers for the Cathedral in recent years, musical assessment following Routley's ideas seems long overdue. Thus, to facilitate an accurate assessment of cathedral music in the present day, the thesis begins by recalling Routley's 'discussion', and detailing the pathway of contemporary cathedral music repertoire over the last thirty-six years. The appendix, the Sacred Choral Music Catalogue, compiled by the author, takes 1965 as its starting point, listing the majority of modem choral cathedral music currently in British circulation to aid the reader's knowledge of the repertoire. Thus, guiding the reader through the diversity associated with contemporary cathedral music, assessing the style and potential of contemporary composers and evaluating the place of the Cathedral in modern-day secular society, the thesis examines the contributions of six composers: Tavener, Part, Harvey, Weir, Swayne and Ridout. It seeks to show that cathedral music continues to thrive, and that despite the age-old conflict between tradition and innovation, the genre remains far from the decline that many have predicted
Nicholas Culpeper and the book trade : print and the promotion of vernacular medical knowledge, 1649-65
No full textThis thesis examines print culture and the medical book trade during the middle decades of the seventeenth century. I examine a range of vernacular medical books which predate the publication of Nicholas Culpeper's (1616-54) translation of the London College of Physicians' first Pharmacopoeia (1618) in 1649. Culpeper's English version subjected the official medical knowledge of the professional to his caustic commentary, and launched his
programme to produce 'the whol Moddel of Physick' in the vernacular.
At the same time the involvement of the Fellows of the College with the book trade during the Interregnum is explored. Examination of the Stationers' Register reveal that Presidents of the College were prepared to endorse English translations of scholarly books and new
works by non-Collegiate authors. Through this Register and the 'Annals' of the College I show how two astute London stationers were able to gain control of the rights to the
College's Pharmacopoeia.
The social relationships between Culpeper and his publishers are analysed, as well as the network of agents responsible for the production and publication of Culpeper's books and their reception. I focus on Culpeper's four principal works - his two translations of the
College's Pharmacopoeia (1649 and 1653); his herbal, The English Physitian (1652); and A Directory for Midwives (1651). Their presentation (typography and page-layout),
dissemination, and reception are also explored.
Apparent from the early history of Culpeper's medical books is the commercialism of the book trade in the 1650s. Medical practitioners and writers exploited print culture to
promote their name in the medical marketplace and create a public persona. I discuss Culpeper's activities as an editor and writer, and the fluidity of these texts in response to commercial threats from rival publishers. The development of his work through subsequent editions counters the assumption that printing preserves and fixes a text's meaning.
This thesis argues that historical bibliography is essential for an understanding of a book's reception and influence, and I show how print culture was significant to the promotion of vernacular medicine in these years
Harold Pinter and the Performance of Power: Considerations of Affect in Select Plays, Screenplays and Films, Poetry and Political Speeches
No full textThis thesis looks at selections of Harold Pinter's work across multiple media: written dramatic texts, screenplays and poetry, activity in theatrical and film production and his political activism. It has been argued that Pinter's dramatic medium is exceeded by movements, intensities and
forces that operate on and circulate within the corporeal bodies of Pinter's 'audiences'. However, approaches to Pinter to date remain overly focused on representation and hermeneutics and tied to a decidedly idealist conception of being, perception and knowledge. I argue that in order to
appreciate the politics of Pinter's aesthetics, readings of Pinter's work need to move in a more decidedly materialist direction. To do so, I enlist the conceptual tools of Gilles Deleuze and felix Guattari, specifically 'affect'. In bringing affect theory to Pinter I illustrate how 'the direct, mutual involvement of language and extra-linguistic forces,1 must be taken into account at every
critical step, and that meaning need be construed as a material process, the expression of forces
acting upon each other. The diversity of Pinter's work is explored over six chapters with a view to its aesthetic disposition and function, how it enters into noteworthy relations with those who engage with it, and how it establishes conditions that are propitious for transitory but ultimately productive trans formative encounters. Proceeding as such necessitates appraisal of ethical and
political positions in relation to Pinter's expression without distinguishing politics from aesthetics - a trend common to intellectual enterprise. Rather, the three keywords in the title of this thesis - performance, power and affect - function as concepts to advance the argument for Pinter's aesthetics as a politics. In considering the aesthetics of Pinter's work in varied media, this thesis invites the reader to see the strategies by which Pinter intervenes in each area as interrelated and political
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