173 research outputs found
'Nicely Boiled and Scraped': Medicine, Radicalism, and the "Useful Body" in a Lloyd Penny Blood
No full textThe publisher Edward Lloyd (1815-1890) helped shape Victorian popular culture in waysthat have left a legacy that lasts right up to today. He was a major pioneer of both popular fiction and journalism but has never received extended scholarly investigation until now. Lloydshaped the modern popular press: Lloyd’s Weekly Newspaper became the first paper to sell over a million copies. Along with publishing songs and broadsides, Lloyd dominated the fiction market in the early Victorian period issuing Gothic stories such as Varney the Vampire (1845-7) and other ’penny dreadfuls’, which became bestsellers. Lloyd’s publications introduced the enduring figure of Sweeney Todd whilst his authors penned plagiarisms of Dickens’s novels, such as Oliver Twiss (1838-9). Many readers in the early Victorian period may have been as likely to have encountered the author of Pickwick in a Lloyd-published plagiarism as in the pages of the original author. This book makes us rethink the early reception of Dickens. In this interdisciplinary collection, leading scholars explore the world of Edward Lloyd and his stable of writers, such as Thomas Peckett Prest and James Malcolm Rymer. The Lloyd brand shaped popular taste in the age of Dickens and the Chartists. Edward Lloyd and his World fills a major gap in the histories of popular fiction and journalism, whilst developing links with Victorian politics, theatre and music
An Interview with Brian Fisak
No full textThe M.A. program in Clinical Psychology was first offered at the UCF Sanford/Lake Mary Regional Campus in Fall, 2013. Recently I had an opportunity to speak with one of the program faculty members, Dr. Brian Fisak, co-author along with Kellie Kissell, Hayley Rodriguez and Lloyd Lucas of the recently published article “Examination of the Contribution of Ruminative Thinking and Maladaptive Self-Beliefs to Social Anxiety”
Behavioral Economics and Microfinance: A Study of Risk Preferences in Rural South Africa
No full textBy replicating the seminal work of Kahneman and Tversky in rural South Africa, the present study shows that female borrowers from the Small Enterprise Foundation microfinance bank do not exhibit loss aversion and have very different risk preferences than Western subjects. PSYC 2990, Honors Program in Psychological Sciences, Professor Craig Smith.When deciding between safe and risky prospects, human decision-makers exhibit a number of framing effects. One of the most prominent of these effects, the reflection effect, is the tendency for decision makers to evaluate gambles relative to a reference point, and to act risk-seeking when prospects are framed as losses but risk-averse when identical prospects are framed as gains. This tendency is one of the primary predictions of Prospect Theory, the modified Expected Utility Theory that was proposed by Nobel laureates Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. The present study seeks to closely replicate the work of the Nobel laureates in the cross-cultural setting of rural South Africa with subjects who are extremely poor. Using a similar choice problem to that of Kahneman and Tversky’s Asian Disease Study, we show that subjects exhibit an alternate reversal of risk preferences depending on whether outcomes are presented as Gains or Losses. These results seem to suggest that poor South African women exhibit similar framing effects but that their risk preferences are the complete opposite of the Western Kahneman and Tversky subjects. This study therefore finds a skewed preference for risk and loss in its cross-cultural subjects and suggests that specific decision-making phenomena are not necessarily universal. The implications of this study are wide reaching, as they move closer to a theory of how poverty influences decision-making.Thesis completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Honors Program in Psychological SciencesVanderbilt UniversityPsychological Science
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A Symposium Associated with the Opening of the Play Copenhagen in Washington
No full textOn March 2, 2002 a special all day symposium was held in conjunction with the opening of the play Copenhagen in Washington. The play Copenhagen reenacts the 1941 visit of Werner Heisenberg, who was then in charge of the Nazi nuclear power program, to Niels Bohr, his mentor, and collaborator in creating quantum mechanics, complementarity, and the uncertainty principle, in German-occupied Denmark. The symposium entitled: THE COPENHAGEN INTERPRETATION: SCIENCE AND HISTORY ON STAGE was presented at the Baird Auditorium, in the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution. The program consisted of three two-hour sessions: (1) The Science of Copenhagen and its Influence of the 20th Century. (2) Bohr and Heisenberg: A strong Interaction. (3) Theater as Science ??? Science as Theater. The speakers included: Robert C. Card, Under Secretary of Energy; Ulrik Federspiel, Danish Ambassador to the US; John Marburger, III, Science Advisor President Bush; Jerome I. Friedman, MIT; Lene Vestergaard Hau, Harvard University; Richard Rhodes, Author; Rita Colwell, Director, NSF; Jeremy Bernstein, Author; Jochen H. Heisenberg, University of New Hampshire; Finn Aaserud, Director of the Niels Bohr Archive; Vilhelm A. Bohr, NIH; Thomas Powers, Author; Paul Lawrence Rose, Penn State University; Steven Barfield, University of Westminster, Jennifer Uphoff Gray, Associate Director, Copenhagen; Elizabeth Ireland McCann, Producer, Copenhagen; Lloyd Rose, Washington Post. Details of he program and useful information on the play Copenhagen are available on the web site http://web.gc.cuny.edu/ashp/nml/artsci/copenhagen.shtml . The complete symposium was video recorded and the set of 3 two-hour tapes can be obtained through the web site. The symposium was organized by Brian Schwartz, The Graduate Center, CUNY, Harry Lustig, Provost Emeritus at the City College of New York and Arthur Molella, Director, Lemelson Center, Smithsonian Institution. For further information contact Brian Schwartz [email protected]
How U.S. Conservatives perceive and respond to international nutrition issues, and how to shape messaging for successful advocacy
No full textSince 1990, tremendous strides have been made in global health and development toward achieving the Millennium Development Goals. With a united front of forces, including governments, coalitions, private sector, foundations, philanthropic organizations, and the faith community, millions of lives have been saved from extreme poverty and disease. Yet, some issues enjoy more robust funding and notoriety than others. For instance, AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria enjoy the majority of the U.S. foreign assistance funding in global health. Nutrition, notably, has remained stagnant for decades. Through this research, we sought to test the appetite for increased funding for international nutrition and food security issues among Political, Religious, Social Conservatives (PRSCs), and the General Population (GP) to gauge perception and response to the issue and its correlates. Our objective with these national surveys was to understand the best choice of language to promote awareness, education, and prompt advocacy for global nutrition and food security issues. With this research, we found that conservatives were motivated by national security issues first and at a macro-level, not their faith, finances or moral foundation. We recommend that education be enhanced among conservatives regarding U.S. foreign assistance, nutrition funding and implementation, and nutrition-related terminology, including stunting, wasting, and anemia. Moreover, we recommend communicating strong narratives about mothers, children, and infants, particularly a child’s first 1,000 days, from conception to two years, which has proved to elicit the most positive response among all messaging
Global Dimensions of Gifted Education: Cross-National Dichotomies between Perceptions, Practices, and Policies
No full textWe examine recent research across countries and cultures in regard to the issues related to the formation of gifted and talented education perspectives, policies, and practices.┬á Many modern cultures and subcultures have developed formal and informal definitions of what it means to be gifted and talented, and when we compare the perceptions, policies, and practices across nations, we discover very different constructs of intelligence and ability.┬á These understandings of giftedness and gifted and talented education can be grouped into four binary dimensions, scholarly versus co-curricular capabilities, aptitude versus achievement, nature versus nurture, and individualistic versus collective, that have significant implications for policy and practice.┬á These constructs can serve as a foundation for countries that are looking to formalize or expand their gifted and talented education models or can be used to challenge the norms of established systems.┬á We put forward recommendations to address some of the challenges in advancing gifted education cross-nationally, an area that is often assumed to introduce risks of enlarging social inequity.┬á We also provide a cross-national matrix that captures known elements of gifted education policies and programs from over 20 subnational jurisdictions, countries, and world regions.┬
Critical interventions in Caribbean politics and theory
No full text"These essays by Brian Meeks, a noted public intellectual in the Caribbean, reflect on Caribbean politics, particularly radical politics and ideologies in the postcolonial era. But his essays also explain the peculiarities of the contemporary neo-liberal period while searching for pathways beyond the current plight. In the first chapters, titled 'Theoretical Forays,' Meeks makes a conscious attempt to engage with contemporary Caribbean political thought at a moment of flux and search for a relevant theoretical language and style to both explicate the Caribbean's recent past and confront the difficult conditions of the early twenty-first century. The next part, 'Caribbean Questions,' both retrospective and biographical, retraces the author's own engagement with the University of the West Indies (UWI), the short-lived but influential Caribbean Black Power movement, the work of seminal Trinidadian thinker and activist Lloyd Best, Cuba's relationship with Jamaica, and the crisis and collapse of the Grenadian Revolution. As evident in its title, 'Jamaican Journeys,' the concluding section excerpts and extracts from a longer, more sustained engagement with Jamaican politics and society. Much of Meeks' argument builds around the notion that Jamaica faces a crucial moment, as the author seeks to chart and explain its convoluted political path and dismal economic performance over the past three decades. Meeks remains surprisingly optimistic as he suggests that despite the emptying of sovereignty in the increasingly globalized world, windows to enhanced human development might open through policies of greater democracy and popular inclusion"-
Simulations of a self propelled autonomous underwater vehicle
No full textThe missions being proposed for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), by both marine scientists and industry, are becoming increasingly complex and challenging. In order to meet these demands the next generation of AUVs will need to be faster, operate for longer and be more manoeuvrable than existing vehicles. It is therefore vital that the hydrodynamic forces and moments acting on a self propelled manoeuvring AUV can be predicted accurately at the initial design stage. The flow around a typical AUV is both turbulent and three dimensional with significant interactions between the hull, propeller and control surfaces. An unsteady computational fluid dynamics analysis based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations is too expensive for AUV design. In order to capture the action of the propeller at an acceptable computational cost, a novel method of coupling a commercial RANS solver with a body force propeller model based on blade element momentum theory has been developed. This discretises the propeller plane into a series of radial and circumferential sectors. The local axial and tangential inflow conditions at each sector of the propeller plane can then be considered. This allows analysis of non-uniform propeller inflow conditions due to the interaction of hull, propeller and control surfaces. During a manoeuvre the hull boundary layer may separate due to the adverse pressure gradient, resulting in free vortex sheets which roll up to form a pair of body vortices. An adaptive mesh strategy is required to ensure a suitable mesh structure and density to capture these flow features. Modifications to a vortex capture algorithm (VORTFIND) are proposed, optimising it as a tool for identifying the path of vortex structures. This enables it to be used as part of an iterative meshing strategy, capturing vortical flow features more accurately and consequently their influence on the pressure loading experienced by the hull. To demonstrate the pertinence of the numerical methods developed in this work a series of case studies has been analysed. These include: determining the hydrodynamic derivatives of an AUV, propeller-rudder interaction studies, steady state manoeuvring performance of the self propelled KVLCC2, and in-service straight line performance prediction of Autosub 3. These highlight the roles of the numerical methodologies in the design process for future AUVs. The techniques developed in this work enable the designer to accurately predict the hydrodynamic loading acting on a self propelled manoeuvring AU
Manta and Cactaceae: Rehabilitative smartphone accessories for people with chronic mild stroke impairments
No full textStroke causes damage to the brain, often resulting in weakness or paralysis on one side of the body. Everyday objects such as smartphones can play an im-portant role after a stroke facilitating participation in daily activities. However, commercial smartphones can be challenging to use, and people with stroke of-ten adjust their behavior to minimize the affected arm and hand use. This study explores how an object attached to a smartphone could evoke behavior change and contribute to the initiation of use of the affected arm. As part of a design workshop, different ideas were envisioned to promote the use initiation of the affected side of the body. Two high-fidelity smartphone accessories were devel-oped and tested with four people with chronic, mild stroke impairments based on the results. The initiation of use observed during the formative usability test seems to be evoked by the learned behavior patterns rather than the design prototypes.Design Aesthetic
Plasmid studies in Clostridium perfringens: Plasmid isolation; bacterial conjugation; interstrain mobilization of nonconjugative plasmids
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Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionA procedure for the isolation of both high and low molecular weight DNA from Clostridium perfringens was developed. Cells were washed, subjected to an extended lysozyme treatment and lysed under alkaline conditions (pH 12.4) with a 4% SDS solution. Following neutralization, salt precipitation and protein extractions with organic solvents, the DNA was ammonium acetate/ethanol precipitated up to three times. The procedure may be scaled up or used for mini-prep isolations.Another procedure, called the rapid boiling method, was also developed. It is a quick, alternative method for plasmid isolation. Cell lysis is achieved by boiling the lysozyme-treated cell suspension for 2 minutes in a 2% SDS solution followed by ultracentrifugation (45,000 rpm for 30 minutes at 4\sp\circC) of the lysate to remove cellular debris. Protein extractions using organic solvents, ammonium acetate and ethanol precipitations complete the procedure.A method for improving the frequency of conjugation between strains of C. perfringens is described. The interstrain plasmid conjugation frequency following filter-mating between a naladixic acid and spectinimycin-resistant C. perfringens 3626B donor strain containing plasmids pIP406 (encoding tetracycline resistance) and pHB101 (caseinase activity) and a rifampicin and streptomycin-resistant, plasmid-free 3624A recipient was increased seven orders of magnitude when compared to the frequency obtained using standard agar plate mating. Adjusting the donor to recipient cell ratio to 1:4 resulted in a conjugation frequency of 1.47 10\sp{-2} tetracycline resistant 3624A-based transconjugants per viable post-conjugative donor cell. This improved frequency made possible the mobilization of the 3.2 kb caseinase enzyme activity (Lambda toxin) encoding nonconjugative plasmid designated pHB101. Greater than 39% mobilization of the Lambda toxin phenotype was observed. Southern blotting and hybridization using a radio-labelled pHB101 probe indicated that the transconjugants contained pHB101 in its autonomous form as well as co-integrated with other high molecular weight plasmids. The high frequency of mobilization and the variability in size of plasmids in the transconjugants suggested that the mechanism of mobilization is of the Class II type, as proposed by Kilbane and Malamy (1980). Class II plasmid mobilization involves the recA system, concomitant transfer of the mobilizing plasmid (pIP406), and altered plasmids are yielded at high frequencies.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:52:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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