8 research outputs found
Kwaliteit van arbeid, geautomatiseerd... Een studie naar kwaliteit van arbeid en de relatie tussen automatisering, arbeid en organisatie
No full textTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Interchange: Architecture of lost space
No full textLangs snelwegen en verkeersknooppunten in Nederland ontstond een schrikbare hoeveelheid verloren ruimte. Dit onbenutte oppervlak groeit met de aanleg van nieuwe snelwegen. De centrale vraag in dit afstudeerproject is hoe deze enorme lege ruimten, anders dan voor het huidige niets, kunnen worden benut voor kwalitatief hoogwaardige functies. Als locatie is gekozen voor het knooppunt Amstel aan de ringweg A10 in Amsterdam. Dit knooppunt ligt met een totaal oppervlak aan lege ruimte van bijna 19 hectare in de stedelijke omgeving van een stad die tegelijkertijd kampt met een chronisch tekort aan grond voor nieuwbouw. Met behulp van vernieuwende milieutechnieken is een duurzaam wooncomplex ontworpen op basis van gesloten bouwblokken. Naast het wonen bevinden zich binnen het knooppunt ook recreatieve en commerci?le functies. Het ontwerp geeft niet alleen een ruimtelijk antwoord op het vraagstuk van architectuur en mobiliteit, maar benadrukt juist ook de functionele integratie van deze twee.Architectur
Algemene adviezen Maas, deel II: Morfologische gevolgen mogelijke ontgrinding benedenstrooms van Maaseik
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Vertical movements of a pelagic thresher shark (Alopias pelagicus): insights into the species' physiological limitations and trophic ecology in the Red Sea
No full text© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Arostegui, M. C., Gaube, P., Berumen, M. L., DiGiulian, A., Jones, B. H., Rostad, A., & Braun, C. D. Vertical movements of a pelagic thresher shark (Alopias pelagicus): insights into the species' physiological limitations and trophic ecology in the Red Sea. Endangered Species Research, 43, (2020): 387-394, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01079.The pelagic thresher shark Alopias pelagicus is an understudied elasmobranch harvested in commercial fisheries of the tropical Indo-Pacific. The species is endangered, overexploited throughout much of its range, and has a decreasing population trend. Relatively little is known about its movement ecology, precluding an informed recovery strategy. Here, we report the first results from an individual pelagic thresher shark outfitted with a pop-up satellite archival transmitting (PSAT) tag to assess its movement with respect to the species’ physiology and trophic ecology. A 19 d deployment in the Red Sea revealed that the shark conducted normal diel vertical migration, spending the majority of the day at 200-300 m in the mesopelagic zone and the majority of the night at 50-150 m in the epipelagic zone, with the extent of these movements seemingly not constrained by temperature. In contrast, the depth distribution of the shark relative to the vertical distribution of oxygen suggested that it was avoiding hypoxic conditions below 300 m even though that is where the daytime peak of acoustic backscattering occurs in the Red Sea. Telemetry data also indicated crepuscular and daytime overlap of the shark’s vertical habitat use with distinct scattering layers of small mesopelagic fishes and nighttime overlap with nearly all mesopelagic organisms in the Red Sea as these similarly undergo nightly ascents into epipelagic waters. We identify potential depths and diel periods in which pelagic thresher sharks may be most susceptible to fishery interactions, but more expansive research efforts are needed to inform effective management.This research was funded by a KAUST Center Part-nership Fund award (4107.3 to the Red Sea Research Cen-ter) and KAUST baseline funding (B.H.J. and M.L.B.).M.C.A. and P.G. acknowledge support from NOAA projectNA15OAR4320063. This study was conducted under a pro-tocol approved by the University of Washington’s Institu-tional Animal Care and Use Committee
Cerebellar Output Controls Generalized Spike-and-Wave Discharge Occurrence
No full textObjective Disrupting thalamocortical activity patterns has proven to be a promising approach to stop generalized spike-and-wave discharges (GSWDs) characteristic of absence seizures. Here, we investigated to what extent modulation of neuronal firing in cerebellar nuclei (CN), which are anatomically in an advantageous position to disrupt cortical oscillations through their innervation of a wide variety of thalamic nuclei, is effective in controlling absence seizures. Methods Two unrelated mouse models of generalized absence seizures were used: the natural mutant tottering, which is characterized by a missense mutation in Cacna1a, and inbred C3H/HeOuJ. While simultaneously recording single CN neuron activity and electrocorticogram in awake animals, we investigated to what extent pharmacologically increased or decreased CN neuron activity could modulate GSWD occurrence as well as short-lasting, on-demand CN stimulation could disrupt epileptic seizures. Results We found that a subset of CN neurons show phase-locked oscillatory firing during GSWDs and that manipulating this activity modulates GSWD occurrence. Inhibiting CN neuron action potential firing by local application of the ?-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) agonist muscimol increased GSWD occurrence up to 37-fold, whereas increasing the frequency and regularity of CN neuron firing with the use of GABA-A antagonist gabazine decimated its occurrence. A single short-lasting (30–300 milliseconds) optogenetic stimulation of CN neuron activity abruptly stopped GSWDs, even when applied unilaterally. Using a closed-loop system, GSWDs were detected and stopped within 500 milliseconds. Interpretation CN neurons are potent modulators of pathological oscillations in thalamocortical network activity during absence seizures, and their potential therapeutic benefit for controlling other types of generalized epilepsies should be evaluated. Ann Neurol 2015;77:1027–1049MicroelectronicsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
How medicine could have developed differently: A Tory historiographical analysis of the conflict between allopathic and homoeopathic medicine in America and Britain from 1870 to 1920.
No full textAfter its formulation by Samuel Hahnemann (1755-1843) at the end of the 18th century, homoeopathy spread to Britain and America in the 1820ร. Based upon the principle or law of "similia similibus curentur"- let like be cured by like-homoeopathy presented a serious challenge to allopathic medicine. By the 1870s homoeopaths were part of science, performing the first single blind clinical trial, establishing the action of drugs upon the body by experimentation and investigating the nature of matter. Institutionally established, especially in the U.S., they regularly published statistics demonstrating the superiority of homoeopathic treatment in both general practice and in hospitals. Allopaths responded by "nihilating" homoeopathic theory and practice on several levels. Through the language of bacteriology they absorbed key homoeopathic tenets into their own symbolic universe. During the Progressive Era allopaths' ideological resonance with the corporations enabled them to finally vanquish homoeopaths and define medical science along new lines. Homoeopathy's decline in the 1920s was precipitated by its inability to handle experimental error effectively. Yet homoeopaths had raised important epistemological questions about the nature of the relationship between drugs and the human organism. These were never resolved but became repressed along with homoeopathy's scientific history. Since Tory historiography claims that the past informs the future, my aim in recovering homeopathy’s history is to highlight the contemporary importance of these issues for medicine. Only by explicitly addressing these unresolved dilemmas will the Hegelian outworking of Reason be accomplished
