56 research outputs found
The effectiveness of ERC advanced life support (ALS) provider courses for the retention of ALS knowledge
No full textOut-of-hospital emergency physicians in Austria need mandatory emergency physician training, followed by biennial refresher courses. Currently, both standardized ERC advanced life support (ALS) provider courses and conventional refresher courses are offered. This study aimed to compare the retention of ALS-knowledge of out-of-hospital emergency physicians depending on whether they had or had not participated in an ERC-ALS provider course since 2005
Cuff damage during emergency intubation with the Airtraq optical laryngoscope in the prehospital setting
No full text
Atrophy/hypertrophy cell signaling in muscles of young athletes trained with vibrational-proprioceptive stimulation.
No full textAtrophy/hypertrophy cell signaling in muscles of young athletes trained with vibrational-proprioceptive stimulation
No full textObjective: To compare the effects of isokinetic (ISO-K) and vibrational-proprioceptive (VIB) trainings on muscle mass and strength. Methods: In 29 ISO-K- or VIB-trained young athletes we evaluated: force, muscle fiber morphometry, and gene expression of muscle atrophy/hypertrophy cell signaling. Results: VIB training increased the maximal isometric unilateral leg extension force by 48.1%. ISO-K training improved the force by 24.8%. Both improvements were statistically significant (P(<= 0.01). The more functional effectiveness of the VIB training in comparison with the ISO-K training was shown by the statistical significance changes only in VIB group in: rate of force development in time segment 0-50 ms (P < 0.001), squat jump (P < 0.05) and 30-m acceleration running test (P < 0.05). VIB training induced a highly significant increase of mean diameter of fast fiber (+9%, P < 0.001), but not of slow muscle fibers (-3%, not significant). No neural cell adhesion molecule-positive (N-CAM(+)) and embryonic myosin heavy chain-positive (MHC-emb(+)) myofibers were detected. VIB induced a significant twofold increase (P < 0.05) of the skeletal muscle isoform insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) Ec mRNA. Atrogin-1 and muscle ring finger-1 (MuRF-1) did not change, but myostatin was strongly downregulated after VIB training (P, 0.001). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) expression increased in post-training groups, but only in VIB reached statistical significance (+228%, P < 0.05). Discussion: We demonstrated that both trainings are effective and do not induce muscle damage. Only VIB-trained group showed statistical significance increase of hypertrophy cell signaling pathways (IGF-1Ec and PGC-1 alpha upregulation, and myostatin downregulation) leading to hypertrophy of fast twitch muscle fibers.OBJECTIVE:
To compare the effects of isokinetic (ISO-K) and vibrational-proprioceptive (VIB) trainings on muscle mass and strength.
METHODS:
In 29 ISO-K- or VIB-trained young athletes we evaluated: force, muscle fiber morphometry, and gene expression of muscle atrophy/hypertrophy cell signaling.
RESULTS:
VIB training increased the maximal isometric unilateral leg extension force by 48·1%. ISO-K training improved the force by 24·8%. Both improvements were statistically significant (P⩿0·01). The more functional effectiveness of the VIB training in comparison with the ISO-K training was shown by the statistical significance changes only in VIB group in: rate of force development in time segment 0-50 ms (P<0·001), squat jump (P<0·05) and 30-m acceleration running test (P<0·05). VIB training induced a highly significant increase of mean diameter of fast fiber (+9%, P<0·001), but not of slow muscle fibers (-3%, not significant). No neural cell adhesion molecule-positive (N-CAM(+)) and embryonic myosin heavy chain-positive (MHC-emb(+)) myofibers were detected. VIB induced a significant twofold increase (P<0·05) of the skeletal muscle isoform insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) Ec mRNA. Atrogin-1 and muscle ring finger-1 (MuRF-1) did not change, but myostatin was strongly downregulated after VIB training (P<0·001). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression increased in post-training groups, but only in VIB reached statistical significance (+228%, P<0·05).
DISCUSSION:
We demonstrated that both trainings are effective and do not induce muscle damage. Only VIB-trained group showed statistical significance increase of hypertrophy cell signaling pathways (IGF-1Ec and PGC-1α upregulation, and myostatin downregulation) leading to hypertrophy of fast twitch muscle fibers
The biochemical characterisation of respiratory mucus & mucins in normal, asthma & COPD
No full textIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-87).Airway mucus hyper-secretion is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is the leading cause of death in South Africa. Mucus is a viscid, slimy visco-elastic gel-like material, which coats the epithelial tissue of gastrointestinal, reproductive and respiratory tracts. Mucus has defined rheological properties that enable it to be transported out of the lungs by mucociliary clearance
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