357,521 research outputs found
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
HE Plots for Repeated Measures Designs
No full textHypothesis error (HE) plots, introduced in Friendly (2007), provide graphical methods to visualize hypothesis tests in multivariate linear models, by displaying hypothesis and error covariation as ellipsoids and providing visual representations of effect size and significance. These methods are implemented in the heplots for R (Fox, Friendly, and Monette 2009a) and SAS (Friendly 2006), and apply generally to designs with fixed-effect factors (MANOVA), quantitative regressors (multivariate multiple regression) and combined cases (MANCOVA). This paper describes the extension of these methods to repeated measures designs in which the multivariate responses represent the outcomes on one or more âÂÂwithin-subjectâ factors. This extension is illustrated using the heplots for R. Examples describe one- sample profile analysis, designs with multiple between-S and within-S factors, and doubly- multivariate designs, with multivariate responses observed on multiple occasions.
Flavilla Reprehending the Intention of the Author While He Explains the Allegory
No full textMedium: stipple engraving and burin"Flavilla Reprehending the Intention of the Author While He Explains the Allegory" [1959.5514.000.000], Williamson, Thomas, Satchwell, R. WilliamArtist and Role: Satchwell, R. William, EngraverArtist and Role: Cooke, Charles, Artist IExtent: plate 15.5 x 9.
Cognitive social simulation and collective sensemaking: An approach using the ACT-R cognitive architecture
No full textCognitive social simulation is a computer simulation technique that aims to improve our understanding of the dynamics of socially-situated and socially-distributed cognition. Cognitive architectures are typically used to support cognitive social simulation; however, the most widely used cognitive architecture - ACT-R - has, to date, been the focus of relatively few cognitive social simulation studies. The current paper reports on the results of an ongoing effort to develop an experimental simulation capability that can be used to undertake studies into socially-distributed cognition using the ACT-R cognitive architecture. An ACT-R cognitive model is first presented that demonstrates one approach to solving a task previously used to investigate sensemaking performance within teams of human subjects. An approach to the implementation of an ACT-R cognitive social simulation capability is then described. The approach relies on the use of a variety of custom ACT-R modules and memory-resident Lisp databases. The custom modules enable ACT-R agents to exchange information with each other during the course of their sensemaking activities. The Lisp databases, in contrast, are used to store information about communicative transactions, the experimental setup and the structure of the communication network. The proposed solution provides the basic elements required to run cognitive social simulation experiments into collective sensemaking using the ACT-R architecture; however, further work needs to be undertaken in order to address a number of limitations associated with agent communication capabilities and the ability of agents to interact with the task environment
Collaborative Art Practices in HE: Mapping and Developing Pedagogical Models
No full textThis project asks ‘How is interdisciplinary collaboration "taught" in HE institutions?’ and ‘What pedagogical models can be identified and developed?’
Performing and Creative Arts departments in HE institutions engage students in collaborative practice within a singular discipline or across disciplines, through interdisciplinary or hybridised art forms, as curricula or extra-curricula activity. Where students are engaged with interdisciplinary collaboration within the curriculum, tuition may involve case studies of collaborative partnerships, psychometric tests, a trial and error approach to throwing creative individuals together, or any combination of these.
This project aims to bring together ideas and modes of practices used in HE institutions and to present, as far as is possible, an overview of the current practices where interdisciplinary collaboration is a focal point of the learning activity.
In brief, and in the context of Performing and Creative Arts departments in HE institutions, this development project aims to:
Take a snapshot of current practice in HE
Construct typologies of modes of practice
Consider how pedagogies may be developed
Disseminate documentation setting out, and commenting on, pedagogical approaches to collaborative practic
Performance of a micro-engineered ultrasonic particle manipulator
No full textAn ultrasonic microfluidic particle manipulator has been modeled and its experimentally measured separation performance has been compared with the modeled results for 1 µm latex particles, and yeast particles in water
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Designing a successful trading agent using fuzzy techniques
No full textSoftware agents are increasingly being used to represent humans in on-line auctions. Such agents have the advantages of being able to systematically monitor a wide variety of auctions and then make rapid decisions about what bids to place in what auctions. They can do this continuously and repetitively without losing concentration. To provide a means of evaluating and comparing (benchmarking) research methods in this area the Trading Agent Competition (TAC) was established. This competition involves a number of agents bidding against one another in a number of related auctions (operating different protocols) to purchase travel packages for customers. Against this background, this paper describes the design, implementation and evaluation of Southampton- TAC, one of the most successful participants in both the Second and the Third International Competitions. Our agent uses fuzzy techniques at the heart of its decision making: to make bidding decisions in the face of uncertainty, to make predictions about the likely outcomes of auctions, and to alter the agent’s bidding strategy in response to the prevailing market conditions. Keywords: intelligent agents, fuzzy set, fuzzy reasoning, on-line auctions, trading agent competition
SouthamptonTAC: An adaptive autonomous trading agent
No full textSoftware agents are increasingly being used to represent humans in on-line auctions. Such agents have the advantages of being able to systematically monitor a wide variety of auctions and then make rapid decisions about what bids to place in what auctions. They can do this continuously and repetitively without losing concentration. Moreover, in complex multiple auction settings, agents may need to modify their behavior in one auction depending on what is happening in another. To provide a means of evaluating and comparing (benchmarking) research methods in this area, the Trading Agent Competition (TAC) was established. This competition involves a number of agents bidding against one another in a number of related auctions (operating different protocols) to purchase travel packages for customers. Against this background, this artcle describes the design, implementation and evaluation of our adaptive autonomous trading agent, SouthamptonTAC, one of the most successful participants in TAC 2002
An Interview with Cass R. Sunstein: Author of The World According to Star Wars
No full textThe guest editors of special issue 12, Jason W. Ellis and Sean Scanlan, interview Cass R. Sunstein, the Robert Walmsley University Professor at Harvard, where he is founder and director of the Program on Behavioral Economics and Public Policy. He is the author of many books, including the bestseller Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness (with Richard H. Thaler). His 2016 book The World According to Star Wars attempts to understand the Star Wars universe in ten chapters through the lenses of Sunstein’s academic interests, namely: culture, sociology, psychology, behavioral science, and political science. The book is both personal and theoretical, practical and academic. It takes accurate measure of the genesis of the movies, the movies themselves, and briefly, but trenchantly, it examines concepts such as reputational cascades and speculates on what Star Wars can teach viewers about constitutional disputes
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