319,324 research outputs found
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
Full text linkBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Logarithmic variance profiles and the corresponding f-1 spectra of temperature fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection
No full textWe report experimental results for the temperature variance 2(z) and the corresponding frequency spectra P(f) in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) in a cylindrical sample of aspect ratioT= D/L = 1:00 (D = 1:12 m is the diameter and L = 1:12 m the height). The measurements were conducted in the Rayleigh-number range 1011 < Ra < 1:35 1014 and Pr ' 0:8. For Ra = 1:35x1014, 2(z) could be described well by a logarithmic dependence on the vertical position z in a range of z 1 < z < z 2 with z 1 ' 70 and z 2 = 0:1L. Here L=(2Nu) is the thickness of a thin thermal sublayer adjacent to the horizontal plate where the heat flux (denoted by the Nusselt number Nu) is carried mostly by thermal diffusion. In the log layer, we found that the temperature spectra had a significant frequency range over which P(f) f with close to 1. As Ra decreased, increased so that the log layer became thinner. At Ra = 2:05 1011, z 2 < z 1 and therefore there was no range for a log layer. Correspondingly, the temperature spectrum near the horizontal plate did not have the f1 scaling form either
Data Ellipses, HE Plots and Reduced-Rank Displays for Multivariate Linear Models: SAS Software and Examples
Full text linkThis paper describes graphical methods for multiple-response data within the framework of the multivariate linear model (MLM), aimed at understanding what is being tested in a multivariate test, and how factor/predictor effects are expressed across multiple response measures. In particular, we describe and illustrate a collection of SAS macro programs for: (a) Data ellipses and low-rank biplots for multivariate data, (b) HE plots, showing the hypothesis and error covariance matrices for a given pair of responses, and a given effect, (c) HE plot matrices, showing all pairwise HE plots, and (d) low-rank analogs of HE plots, showing all observations, group means, and their relations to the response variables.
Evaluating the effect of medicare shared savings program accountable care organizations on part d pharmaceutical spending and use
Full text linkMedicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) is one major model of the Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) offered by Medicare to better manage health cost and improve the quality of health services. The payment MSSP ACOs receive from Medicare is directly related to its Medicare Part A and B spending and related health service quality. Currently Medicare Part D spending covering medication cost is not included in the calculation of MSSP ACOs shared savings and risks. Since improvement of medication coverage and drug adherence have been shown to decrease other medical cost such as hospital and outpatient care, ACO providers may be incentivized to increase the shared savings by lowering Part A and B spending through increasing Part D drug prescription. This study evaluated the effect of MSSP ACOs on the Part D spending and utilization with a quasi-natural difference-in-differences model. We investigated the change in outcome variables between pre- and post-ACO enrollment during 2010-2013 by comparing MSSP ACOs and non-ACO Medicare providers.
We found that when individually compared with non-ACO providers, Part D spending and use mildly increased after providers enrolled in MSSP. However, the statistical significance of this effect disappeared after controlling for other ACO providers started their MSSP contracts at different times. To evaluate the c. Characteristics of those providers not considered in this study might also have an influence on Part D spending and thus a valid control group would need to be carefully chosen for future studies.
Public health significance: Understanding the ACO effects on Medicare Part D spending and utilization helps evaluate the success of ACOs to increase shared savings and to improve health quality compared with original management models in Medicare
Study of the d(d, p)3H and d(d, n)3 He processes at low energies
Full text linkThe processes d(d, p)H-3 and d(d, n)(3) He at energies of interest for energy production and for big-bang nucleosynthesis are studied using the hyperspherical harmonic method. The interactions include modern two- and three-nucleon interactions, derived in chiral effective field theory. We report results for the astrophysical S-factor and the quintet suppression factor
Electron screening effect in the reactions He-3(d, p)He-4 and d(He-3, p)He-4
No full textThe cross section of the reactions (3) He(d, p)(4) He and d((3) He, p)He-4 has been measured at the center-of-mass energies E = 5 to 60 keV and 10 to 40 keV, respectively. The experiments were performed to determine the magnitude of the electron screening effect leading to the respective electron-screening potential energy U-e = 219 +/-7 and 109 +/-9 eV, which are both significantly higher than the respective values from atomic physics models, U-e = 120 and 65 eV. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B,V, All rights reserved
Coauthor prediction for junior researchers
Full text linkResearch collaboration can bring in different perspectives and generate more productive results. However, finding an appropriate collaborator can be difficult due to the lacking of sufficient information. Link prediction is a related technique for collaborator discovery; but its focus has been mostly on the core authors who have relatively more publications. We argue that junior researchers actually need more help in finding collaborators. Thus, in this paper, we focus on coauthor prediction for junior researchers. Most of the previous works on coauthor prediction considered global network feature and local network feature separately, or tried to combine local network feature and content feature. But we found a significant improvement by simply combing local network feature and global network feature. We further developed a regularization based approach to incorporate multiple features simultaneously. Experimental results demonstrated that this approach outperformed the simple linear combination of multiple features. We further showed that content features, which were proved to be useful in link prediction, can be easily integrated into our regularization approach. © 2013 Springer-Verlag
Collaborative Art Practices in HE: Mapping and Developing Pedagogical Models
No full textThis project asks ‘How is interdisciplinary collaboration "taught" in HE institutions?’ and ‘What pedagogical models can be identified and developed?’
Performing and Creative Arts departments in HE institutions engage students in collaborative practice within a singular discipline or across disciplines, through interdisciplinary or hybridised art forms, as curricula or extra-curricula activity. Where students are engaged with interdisciplinary collaboration within the curriculum, tuition may involve case studies of collaborative partnerships, psychometric tests, a trial and error approach to throwing creative individuals together, or any combination of these.
This project aims to bring together ideas and modes of practices used in HE institutions and to present, as far as is possible, an overview of the current practices where interdisciplinary collaboration is a focal point of the learning activity.
In brief, and in the context of Performing and Creative Arts departments in HE institutions, this development project aims to:
Take a snapshot of current practice in HE
Construct typologies of modes of practice
Consider how pedagogies may be developed
Disseminate documentation setting out, and commenting on, pedagogical approaches to collaborative practic
An Interview with Tony David Sampson: Author of Virality: Contagion Theory in the Age of Networks
No full textTony D. Sampson is Reader in Digital Culture and Communication in the School of Arts and Digital Industries (ADI) at the University of East London, where he directs the EmotionUX lab, supervising research on the cognitive, emotional, and affective aspects of user experience. In 2013, he co-founded Club Critical Theory, an organization dedicated to the application of critical theory in everyday life in Southend-on-Sea, Essex. Tony is the author of Virality: Contagion Theory in the Age of Networks and The Assemblage Brain: Sense Making in Neuroculture, both from the University of Minnesota Press. He blogs at viralcontagion.wordpress.com.
The editors of this special NANO issue are delighted to have the opportunity to talk with Tony about how his work touches on issues of imitation and contagion—a loaded term unpacked within his 2012 book
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
Full text linkInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
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