59,210 research outputs found
Prisoners’ gang-related activity: the importance of bullying and moral disengagement
Get PDFGang-related activity can have a significant impact on the effective management of prisons in the UK, yet little is known about the characteristics of the prisoners involved. I it this study, 141 adult male prisoners' gang-related activity was examined in relation to their bullying behaviour and use of moral disengagement. Results showed that prisoners most involved in gang-related activity were likely to have spent a longer total time in the prison system, be perpetrators of bullying and have high levels of moral disengagement. Findings also show that moral disengagement partially mediates the relationship between bullying and gang-related activity Implications for treatment programmes and the prison estate are discussed
Gang Re-engagement Intentions among Incarcerated Serious Juvenile Offenders
Get PDFResearch examining the factors that precipitate gang membership has contributed substantially to our understanding of gangs and gang-related activity, yet we know little about the factors influencing intentions to re-join a gang after having being incarcerated. This study examines the relationship between gang characteristics, number of incarcerated friends, and family characteristics and gang re-engagement intentions, while controlling for ethnicity. Participants were 206 male serious juvenile offenders interviewed as part of the Pathways to Desistance Study. The model explained between 35% and 47% of variance in gang re-engagement intentions. However, only three variables made a unique statistically significant contribution to the model (punishment if gang rules are broken, importance of gang membership, and moral disengagement), with the strongest predictor being importance of gang membership. The results suggest that challenging young offenders’ perceptions about the importance of gang membership might be particularly effective in reducing gang re-engagement intentions after incarceration
Seesaw options for three neutrinos
No full textAbstractThe seesaw mechanism for three neutrinos is discussed, clarifying the situation where the seesaw texture results in three approximately zero mass eigenvalues. The true underlying mechanism is shown to be just the inverse (or linear) seesaw, which explains why there could be large mixing. However, these zeroes cannot occur naturally, unless there is a conserved symmetry, i.e. lepton number L, either global or gauged, which is softly or spontaneously broken at the TeV scale. We discuss in particular the case where the three heavy singlet neutrinos have L=3,−2,−1
An extended scalar sector to address the tension between a fourth generation and Higgs searches at the LHC
No full textAbstractIt is expected that the LHC will soon discover the Higgs boson, or that failure to find it will severely constrain its production cross-section over a large mass range. Either one of these results spells trouble for a fourth generation that significantly enhances the Higgs production cross-section at LHC. In fact the LHC has already ruled out a SM Higgs mass in the range of 120–600 GeV with a fourth generation at the 95% C.L. In this Letter we explore options within extended scalar sectors to maintain the viability of a heavy fourth generation if an enhanced (relative to the standard model) Higgs production cross-section is not observed
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