2,508 research outputs found
Gastroesophageal reflux in preterm infants: How acid should it be? Author's response to letter
No full textOmari, Taher I.; Haslam, Ross R.; Lundborg, Per and Davidson, Geoffrey P
R code for: A fat chance of survival: Body condition provides life-history dependent buffering of environmental change in a wild mammal population
No full textAll R code files used in the analysis of data for "A fat chance of survival: Body condition provides life-history dependent buffering of environmental change in a wild mammal population", published in Climate Change Ecology (doi: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100022). For any questions, as well as the data underpinning these analyses, please reach out to the corresponding author: [email protected]
Dacron Graft Encased Modified Ross Operation
No full textThe pulmonary autograft operation was introduced by Donald Ross in 1967. Since then, the Ross operation has become a viable and durable option for aortic valve replacement in both the pediatric and adult populations (1). Pulmonary autograft dilatation is one of the complications noted in the adult population. Because of this, the Ross operation is showing a declining trend in this adult population. To prevent this complication, Ross Ungerleider came up with a simple and reproducible modification by adding a Dacron tube graft over the pulmonary autograft, and found no pulmonary autograft dilatation in 30 patients over the period of four years (2).The concerns raised with the modified Ross procedure are that the Dacron tube graft is a cylindrical graft and the sinus portion of the autograft is essential for the normal functioning of the leaflets, as studied in valve-sparing aortic root replacement procedures and experimental studies, and the modified Ross procedure does not address and prevent the potential threat to the valve leaflets function in the long term (3). The pseudosinus creation in the Dacron graft is very important to decrease the stress and strain on the leaflets, so that it is closer to normal, as studied by K .Jane Grande-Allen et al (3).Keeping this in mind, the author has made an additional modification to the modified Ross operation by removing the autograft sinuses, which were getting restricted by the cylindrical Dacron graft, and creating a pseudosinus/neosinus in the Dacron graft.With these modifications to the modified Ross operation, the author hopes to take care of the pulmonary autograft dilatation at all three levels:Annular level – The author sutures the autograft to the Dacron graft and then to the aortic annulus, which prevents annular dilatation.Sinuses – By excising the native autograft sinuses, which are being restricted by the Dacron graft, and creating the pseudosinus/neosinus in the Dacron graft, the author hopes to preserve the valve leaflet function.Sinotubular junction – Since the author is fixing the commissures to the Dacron graft and then suturing the Dacron graft to the ascending aorta, the dilatation at the sinotubular junction is nullified.ReferencesRoss DN. Replacement of aortic and mitral valves with a pulmonary autograft. Lancet. 1967;290(7523):956-958.Ungerleider RM, Ootaki Y, Shen I, Welke KF. Modified Ross procedure to prevent autograft dilation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;90(3):1035-1037. </p
Research cruise of the R/V Italica in the Ross Sea: The 14th Italian Antarctic Research Expedition (ANTA98/99)
No full textInternational co-operative Antarctic research between Japan and Italy started in 1998. The senior author, Masao Iwai, participated as a marine geologist on the R/V Italica's cruise ANTA98/99, the 14th Italian Antarctic Research Expedition, in the Ross Sea from January 5 through February 23, 1999. The scientific and administrative operation of onboard coring and laboratory equipment of R/V Italica, and the life style, are introduced
Ross syndrome: a case report
No full textRoss syndrome is a rare partial dysautonomic syndrome of unknown aetiology, characterized by segmental hypo/ anhidrosis associated with Holmes-Adie syndrome (tonic pupil and hypo/areflexia). The hypohydrosis or anhydrosis is patchy initially, later it becomes segmental or diffuse. This is due to affection of postganglionic cholinergic parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers involvement. There are a very few cases (approximately 50) have been reported in the literature since its original description. Author report a 22 years old male with classical features of Ross syndrome
Planned vaginal birth or elective repeat caesarean: patient preference restricted cohort with nested randomised trial
No full textBACKGROUND: Uncertainty exists about benefits and harms of a planned vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) compared with elective repeat caesarean (ERC). We conducted a prospective restricted cohort study consisting of a patient preference cohort study, and a small nested randomised trial to compare benefits and risks of a planned ERC with planned VBAC. METHODS AND FINDINGS: 2,345 women with one prior caesarean, eligible for VBAC at term, were recruited from 14 Australian maternity hospitals. Women were assigned by patient preference (n = 2,323) or randomisation (n = 22) to planned VBAC (1,225 patient preference, 12 randomised) or planned ERC (1,098 patient preference, ten randomised). The primary outcome was risk of fetal death or death of liveborn infant before discharge or serious infant outcome. Data were analysed for the 2,345 women (100%) and infants enrolled. The risk of fetal death or liveborn infant death prior to discharge or serious infant outcome was significantly lower for infants born in the planned ERC group compared with infants in the planned VBAC group (0.9% versus 2.4%; relative risk [RR] 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.80; number needed to treat to benefit 66; 95% CI 40–200). Fewer women in the planned ERC group compared with women in the planned VBAC had a major haemorrhage (blood loss 1,500 ml and/or blood transfusion), (0.8% [9/1,108] versus 2.3% [29/1,237]; RR 0.37; 95% CI 0.17–0.80). CONCLUSIONS: Among women with one prior caesarean, planned ERC compared with planned VBAC was associated with a lower risk of fetal and infant death or serious infant outcome. The risk of major maternal haemorrhage was reduced with no increase in maternal or perinatal complications to time of hospital discharge. Women, clinicians, and policy makers can use this information to develop health advice and make decisions about care for women who have had a previous caesarean.Caroline A. Crowther, Jodie M. Dodd, Janet E. Hiller, Ross R. Haslam and Jeffrey S. Robinson on behalf of the Birth After Caesarean Study Grou
Esophageal body and lower esophageal sphincter function in healthy premature infants
No full textBackground & aimsGastroesophageal reflux is a common problem in premature infants. The aim of this study was to use a novel manometric technique to measure esophageal body and lower esophageal sphincter pressures in premature infants.MethodsMicromanometric feeding assemblies (OD, ResultsPeristaltic motor patterns were less common than non-peristaltic motor patterns (26.6% vs. 73.4%; P ConclusionsPremature infants show nonperistaltic esophageal motility that may contribute to poor clearance of refluxed material. In contrast, the lower esophageal sphincter mechanisms seem well developed.Omari, Taher I.; Miki, Kazunori; Fraser, Robert; Davidson, Geoff; Haslam, Ross; Goldsworthy, Wendy; Bakewell, Malcolm; Kawahara, Hisayoshi; Dent, Joh
Subsurface mapping of the Ross Island flexural basin, southwest Antarctica
No full text2016 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.Ross Island is a post-Miocene (< 4.6 Ma) volcanic island located in the Ross Sea region of southwest Antarctica. This region of Antarctica borders the western edge of the West Antarctic Rift System, along the Transantarctic Mountain front. Marine and over-ice multi-channel seismic reflection surveys and borehole studies targeting the Ross Sea region over the last 30+ years have been used in this study to develop a seismic stratigraphic model of the development and evolution of the Ross Island flexural basin. Four key stratigraphic horizons were identified and mapped to fully capture the basin-fill, as well as strata lying above and below the flexural basin. From oldest to youngest these horizons are named RIB-m, RIM-g, RIM-b and RIB-r. Time structure, isochron and isochore maps were created for the horizons and the stratigraphic intervals they bound. The seismic stratigraphic record shows the Ross Island flexural moat formation post-dates the main tectonic subsidence phase within the Victoria Land Basin. The maps presented here are the first to fully illustrate the evolution of the Ross Island flexural basin. The maps highlight depositional patterns of two distinct periods of flexural subsidence and basin-filling superimposed on the older N-S trending Victoria Land Basin depocenter. Two units of flexural basin fill, Unit FFI between horizons RIM-g and RIM-b (the oldest flexural basin fill), and Unit FFII between horizons RIM-b and RIB-r (the youngest flexural basin fill) are associated with the two periods of flexural subsidence. Flexural moat subsidence and subsequent filling occurred episodically during periods of active volcanism on the island. Unit FFI is estimated to range from ca. 4 to 2 Ma, corresponding with formation of the Mt. Bird volcanic edifice on Ross Island. Unit FFII ranges in age from ca. 2 to 1 Ma, and is related to Mt. Terror, Mt. Erebus, and Hut Point Peninsula volcanism. The isochore maps suggest the depocenter of the flexural basin during both time intervals was located north of the island, instead of directly beneath the Ross Island topographic load. Factors contributing to the northerly location of the depocenter include i) volcanic loading by McMurdo Volcanic Group subsea volcanic features north of the island, ii) partial compensation of the main Ross Island load by low-density, partially molten rock beneath the island, iii) extensional faulting within the Terror Rift, and iv) seaward-thickening shelf sediments transported from the Ross Ice Shelf. The seismic data show that the onset of filling of the flexural moat around Ross Island coincided with the end of ice grounding events in the area. We infer that this was caused by flexural subsidence of the seafloor to accommodate the Ross Island load
Australian collaborative trial of antenatal thyrotropin-releasing hormone: adverse effects at 12-month follow-up
No full textReports a 12-month follow up of the health and development of the children entered into the Australian Collaborative Trial of Antenatal Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (ACTOBAT). Long term adverse effect of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH); Milestone differences detected between comparison groups and those not exposed to TRH in utero.Caroline Anne Crowther, Janet Esther Hiller, Ross Roger Haslam and Jeffrey Samuel Robinso
Characterization of anorectal pressure and the anorectal inhibitory reflex in healthy preterm and term infants
No full textCopyright © 2001 Academic Press. All rights reserved.ObjectivesTo evaluate anorectal motor function in healthy premature and term infants with the use of micromanometric techniques.Study designAnorectal manometry was performed in 22 healthy neonates (9 female) with a mean postmenstrual age of 32 weeks (range, 30 to 38 weeks) with a micromanometric anorectal assembly (od 2.0 mm). The assembly incorporated a 2-cm-long sleeve sensor for measurement of resting anal sphincter pressures and relaxation, and 4 sideholes recorded anal and rectal pressures. Rectal distension was performed with a latex balloon or direct air insufflation to elicit the anorectal inhibitory reflex (AR).ResultsThe mean anal sphincter pressure, rectal pressure, and rhythmic wave frequency were 40 mm Hg (range, 7 to 65 mm Hg), 11 mm Hg (range, 1 to 27 mm Hg), and 10/min (range, 8 to 14/min), respectively. A normal AR could be elicited in 21 of the 22 infants studied.ConclusionAn anorectal micromanometric sleeve catheter is suitable for use in evaluating anorectal pressures in preterm and term neonates. Insufflation of air without the use of a balloon to elicit the AR is reliable and suitable for use in infants <34 weeks. Premature infants older than 30 weeks' postmenstrual age have normal anorectal pressures and a normal AR.Marc A. Benninga, Taher I. Omari, Ross R. Haslam, Chris P. Barnett, John Dent and Geoff P. Davidsonhttp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/623311/description#descriptio
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