184 research outputs found
On making sense : some recent investigations in time, metaphor, and ecology
No full textThesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2010."June 2010." Vita. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-100).A two-part text in which the author ultimately proposes the metaphorical artistic methodology of making sense, and articulates its role in radical ecological projects. The author discusses the body of work produced for her thesis, Rates of Accumulation. With sound as its primary medium, this work turns around the ecological history of the Eastern oyster. Rates of Accumulation is presented as a four-channel sound installation, accompanied by a large-scale drawing and a video, and as an FM broadcast radiating from a temporary radio station inside the Little Red Lighthouse on the Hudson River. With the charismatic figure of the oyster as a touchstone, Rates of Accumulation abstracts, translates and ultimately aims to recast moments in the ecological history of North America's East Coast. The author's methodological framework is used to position her thesis work in relation to radical ecological projects. Making sense is a metaphorical process extrapolated from the familiar literary device, whereby meanings and associations are transferred from one object or context to another. The key operations of transfer, translation and abstraction are elaborated upon through Rates of Accumulation, past work, and select examples from the land art tradition. The author's analysis of metaphorical methodologies allows her to further stake out the role of artmaking in radical ecology, and in particular, its investment in historical projects.by Gina Elizabeth Eleanor Badger.S.M
"If You Ask Me", circa 1952
No full textPhotocopy of a newspaper clipping in which Eleanor Roosevelt wrote answers to reader's questions
"Mrs. Roosevelt's Column", 1937
No full textPhotocopy of a newspaper clipping of Eleanor Roosevelts column describing Chandler Roosevelt, age three, wandering around the White House
Neurocognitive entrainment to meter influences syntactic comprehension in music and language: An individual-differences approach
No full textTwo Pioneering Female Architects in South Africa: Gertruida Brinkman and Eleanor Ferguson
No full textThis paper continues on from a recently completed research project on shared built heritage of South Africa and the Netherlands from 1902–61, mainly created by Dutch–born architects. It focuses on two pioneering female architects in South Africa, Gertruida Brinkman (1906–77, née Siemerink) and Eleanor Ferguson (also Stakesby–Lewis; 1900–82), both of Dutch descent and married to South African architects. They were not only the first two women architects to lead a private practice in southern Africa, but also introduced ideas of the Modern Movement through their built projects, while continuously demonstrating a great concern for quality of life. Brinkman, graduated from the University of the Witwatersrand, was based in Port Elizabeth (now Gqeberha). She undertook two ‘grand tours’, through respectively Europe (1939) and Brazil (1954), which influenced her oeuvre. The other protagonist, the globetrotter Ferguson, trained at the Delft Institute of Technology (now TU Delft) and relocated subsequently to South Africa. With her third husband, she set up a joint practice in Johannesburg in 1938 and acted, under her maiden name, as its principal designer. The personal circumstances of both pioneers resulted in other priorities than seeking publicity in architectural journals. They focussed on designing and building, alongside a general social commitment additional to raising their children. Consequently, their legacies are hitherto scarcely known, except for some incidental references, which triggered our interest. By applying a combination of field, archival and bibliographical investigations with oral history research, we can now draft portraits of these two pioneering women architects. Their discovered portfolios reached far beyond the domestic sphere, including amongst others clubs, office buildings, schools, hospitals and industrial buildings and complexes. These discoveries show that biographical research is essential to augment the limited bibliographical information available on the contributions made by female architects to the built environment.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Heritage & DesignHeritage & Value
Women's life writing 1760-1830 : spiritual selves, sexual characters, and revolutionary subjects
No full textPhDThis thesis uses print and manuscript sources to analyse and interpret women's life
writing at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries. I
explore printed works by Catharine Phillips, Mary Dudley, Priscilla Hannah Gurney,
Ann Freeman, Elizabeth Steele, Mary Robinson, Helen Maria Williams, Mary
Wollstonecraft, Grace Dalrymple Elliott, and Charlotte West and discuss the
manuscripts of Mary Fletcher, Mary Tooth, Sarah Ryan, and Elizabeth Fox. Of these
sources, five have never been analysed in the critical literature and six have received
little attention. Considered as a group, this large corpus of texts offers new insights
into the personal and political implications of different models of female selfhood and
social being.
In chapter one, I compare the religious identities presented in the spiritual
autobiographies of Quakers and Methodists. For these women, religious identification
provides a powerful sense of social belonging and enables public participation.
However, it may also lead to a loss of self in the demand for religious conformity and
self-abnegation. In chapter two, I consider the life writing of late eighteenth-century
courtesans. These women adapt available models of femininity and female authorship
in order to establish themselves as socially connected subjects. However, their
narratives also reveal that dependence on the sexual and literary marketplace puts
female selfhood under pressure. In chapter three, I explore the eyewitness accounts of
British women in the French Revolution. I argue that, for these writers, connecting
personal identity to political history is an enabling source of self-definition but it also
exposes them to the risks of self-fragmentation.
In my focus on the social function of women's life writing, I present an alternative to
the traditional alignment of the eighteenth-century autobiographical subject with the
autonomous self of individualism. These narratives allow us to reconsider the
productive and problematic dialectic between personal expression and representative
selfhood, self-authorship and collective narratives, and individualism and social
being. They suggest that women's life writing has the potential to be both the self-expression
of a unique heroine and the self-inscription of a politicised subject
Neurocognitive entrainment to meter influences syntactic comprehension in music and language. An individual-differences approach
No full textNeurokognitives Entrainment durch Metrum beeinflusst Syntaxverständnis in Musik und Sprache
No full textMeter and syntax have overlapping elements in music and speech domains, and individual differences have been documented in both meter perception and syntactic comprehension paradigms. Previous evidence insinuated but never fully explored the relationship that metrical structure has to syntactic comprehension, the comparability of these processes across music and language domains, and the respective role of individual differences. This dissertation aimed to investigate neurocognitive entrainment to meter in music and language, the impact that neurocognitive entrainment had on syntactic comprehension, and whether individual differences in musical expertise, temporal perception and working memory played a role during these processes.
A theoretical framework was developed, which linked neural entrainment, cognitive entrainment, and syntactic comprehension while detailing previously documented effects of individual differences on meter perception and syntactic comprehension. The framework was developed in both music and language domains and was tested using behavioral and EEG methods across three studies (seven experiments). In order to satisfy empirical evaluation of neurocognitive entrainment and syntactic aspects of the framework, original melodies and sentences were composed. Each item had four permutations: regular and irregular metricality, based on the hierarchical organization of strong and weak notes and syllables, and preferred and non-preferred syntax, based on structurally alternate endings. The framework predicted — for both music and language domains — greater neurocognitive entrainment in regular compared to irregular metricality conditions, and accordingly, better syntactic integration in regular compared to irregular metricality conditions. Individual differences among participants were expected for both entrainment and syntactic processes.
Altogether, the dissertation was able to support a holistic account of neurocognitive entrainment to musical meter and its subsequent influence on syntactic integration of melodies, with musician participants. The theoretical predictions were not upheld in the language domain with musician participants, but initial behavioral evidence in combination with previous EEG evidence suggest that perhaps non-musician language EEG data would support the framework’s predictions. Musicians’ deviation from hypothesized results in the language domain were suspected to reflect heightened perception of acoustic features stemming from musical training, which caused current ‘overly’ regular stimuli to distract the cognitive system. The individual-differences approach was vindicated by the surfacing of two factors scores, Verbal Working Memory and Time and Pitch Discrimination, which in turn correlated with multiple experimental data across the three studies.Metrum und Syntax weisen sowohl in Musik als auch Sprache ähnliche Strukturelemente auf und in beiden Domänen sind interindividuelle Unterschiede in der Wahrnehmung von Metrum und Syntax berichtet worden. Bisherige Befunde deuten eine Wechselwirkung von metrischer Struktur auf syntaktische Verarbeitung an. Bislang gibt es jedoch keine konkreten Untersuchungen, die diese Beziehung systematisch beleuchtet haben, die Vergleichbarkeit dieser Prozesse in Musik und Sprache eruiert oder den Einfluss interindividueller Unterschiede erforscht haben. Die vorliegende Dissertation zielte daher darauf ab, ein neurokognitives Phänomen — Entrainment — in Musik und Sprache zu untersuchen, dessen Einfluss auf syntaktisches Verstehen zu definieren und herauszufinden, ob individuelle Unterschiede in musikalischer Vorerfahrung, Zeitwahrnehmung oder Arbeitsgedächtnis eine entscheidende Rolle bei diesen Prozessen spielt.
Es wurde ein theoretischer Rahmen entwickelt, der neuronales Entrainment, kognitives Entrainment und syntaktisches Verstehen verknüpft und bereits dokumentierte individuelle Unterschiede in der Wahrnehmung vom Metrum und in syntaktischem Verstehen berücksichtigt. Dieser Rahmen wurde sowohl für Musik als auch Sprache formuliert und mit Hilfe von Verhaltens- und EEG-Untersuchungen in drei Studien (zusammengesetzt aus sieben Experimenten) getestet. Um eine empirische Untersuchung von neurokognitivem Entrainment und syntaktischem Verstehen zu ermöglichen, wurde geeignetes Melodie- und Satzmaterial entwickelt. Jede Melodie und jeder Satz wurde in vier Variationen dargeboten: regelmäßiges/unregelmäßiges Metrum, basierend auf der hierarchischen Organisation von betonten/unbetonten Noten und Silben, und bevorzugte/nicht bevorzugte Syntax, basierend auf strukturell verschiedenen Satzenden. Es wurde erwartet, dass in beiden Domänen regelmäßiges Metrum zu größerem neurokognitiven Entrainment führt als unregelmäßiges Metrum. Individuelle Unterschiede zwischen den Teilnehmern wurden sowohl für Entrainment als auch für die syntaktische Verarbeitung erwartet.
Insgesamt kann die Dissertation den Einfluss von musikalischem Metrum auf neurokognitives Entrainment sowie dessen Einfluss wiederum auf die syntaktische Integration von Melodien bestätigen. Für die Sprachverarbeitung konnten diese Zusammenhänge in der hier getesteten Stichprobe von Musikern nicht nachgewiesen werden. Frühere Befunde aus Verhaltens- und EEG-Studien legen jedoch nahe, dass Untersuchungen mit Nichtmusikern ein solches Ergebnis erbringen könnten. Dass Musiker von unseren Hypothesen abweichende Ergebnisse in der Sprachverarbeitung zeigen, kann damit zu tun haben, dass sie durch ihr musikalisches Training akustische Merkmale besser wahrnehmen, wodurch "übermäßig" reguläre Stimuli kognitive Interferenzeffekte induzieren können. Des Weiteren konnte in allen drei Studien gezeigt werden, dass individuelle Wahrnehmungsunterschiede durch zwei Faktoren definiert werden: verbales Arbeitsgedächtnis sowie Zeit- und Tonhöhenunterscheidung
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