30 research outputs found
Contribution of workers’ remittances to economic growth in Pakistan: exploring the role of financial sector development
No full textThe contribution of international trade to economic growth through human capital accumulation: Evidence from nine Asian countries
No full textThis study is an attempt to test the hypothesis “international trade contributes to economic growth through its effects on human capital accumulation.” To assess the hypothesis empirically, we employed the extended Neo-Classical growth model that reflects some features of the endogenous growth models. We thus ended up with a model in which the change in human capital is sensitive to change in trade policies. Unlike conventional approaches, the model serves to assess and determine the impact of international trade on the accumulation of human capital. The empirical analysis estimates dynamic panel growth equations by using a data-set of nine Asian countries, over the period 1972–2012. The overall evidence substantiates the fact that in countries under consideration, international trade enhances the accumulation of human capital and contributes to economic growth positively through human capital accumulation
Household’s willingness to pay for safe drinking water: A case study of Abbottabad district
Get PDFThis study is based on survey data and used both the contingent valuation method and averting behaviour approach to capture HH's willingness to pay for services and quality in the drinking water sector. In case of the HH’s WTP for improved water services, the study estimates that there is statistically significant effect of location that in urban areas, HHs has more WTP for improved water services. The study also finds that sources of water have a significant effect on WTP i.e. the HH who have own source are willing to pay in the higher range (Rs 51–100) further tap water has significant effect on WTP for the first two quartiles. As expected, education level ignificantly affects WTP for safe drinking water
How Political Competition and Political Institutions Influence Inflation: Empirical Evidence from Developing Countries
No full textThe study empirically explores the impact of political competition and political institutions on inflation rates in emerging economies, taking into account political institutions' moderating role. This study examined data from 57 developing countries spanning 2000 to 2018.The empirical analysis was performed using a two-step System Generalized Method of Moments (system-GMM) estimation technique. The analysis yields two key findings. In a democratic regime, effective competition among politicians lowers inflation. However, the effect of political competition on inflation is conditional on political institutions. Nations with strong institutional structure and balanced competition are associated with better inflation performance
Assessing the roles of absorption capacity in technological spillovers and economic growth nexus.
No full textThe paper aims to empirically assess the effects of technological spillovers on economic growth and to examine the roles of host country absorptive capacity. The empirical analysis was carried out at the country level on a panel of five Asian countries covering the period from 1972 to 2018. As the variable of interest (technological spillovers) and mediator variable (absorptive capacity) are captured with a variety of indicators, hence two empirical models are estimated with different specifications. The study's findings indicate that technological spillovers through all three channels have a positive effect on economic and TFP growth. Touching on the role of absorptive capacity in technological spillovers and economic growth nexus, study findings reveal that the human capital of the sample countries has no significant role to absorbed imported technology in the growth process of the host country. However, the empirical indication illustrates that a country holding comparatively more domestic R&D expenditure yields the potential gain of technological spillovers in economic growth
The Growth and Employment Impacts of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis on Pakistan
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of the 2008 global financial crisis on economic growth and employment in Pakistan. We conduct a time series analysis of quarterly data for 1997–2011, applying the autoregressive distributed lag bounds-testing approach and an unrestricted error correction model. Our analysis suggests that the impact of the crisis was transmitted primarily through two channels—the financial sector and trade—with a corresponding negative effect on economic growth and employment. Of the two channels, the magnitude of the trade effect is larger than that of the financial sector
Household’s Willingness to Pay for Safe Drinking Water: A Case Study of Abbottabad District
Get PDFDrinking water is the basic need of human life. Safe drinking
water is an essential component of primary health care and have vital
role in poverty alleviation. There is positive correlation between
increased national income and the proportion of population with access
to improved water supply. An increase of 0.3 percent investment in
household access to safe drinking water generates one percent increase
in GDP. Whereas, provision of safe drinking water supply is an effective
health intervention reduces the mortality caused by water-borne diseases
by an average 70 percent. Inadequate drinking water not only resulted in
more sickness and deaths, but also augments health costs, lower worker
productivity and school enrolment [World Bank (1994)]. The World Health
Organisation (WHO) estimate 1.8 million people in developing countries
die every year from diarrhea and cholera, Out of these 90 percent are
children under the age of five years. While 88 percent of diarrhoeal
diseases are attributed to unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation
and hygiene [WHO (2004)]. The situation is not very different in
Pakistan; the access to safe drinking water is estimated to be available
to 23.5 percent of population in rural areas and 30 percent in urban
areas. While every year 0.2 million children die due to diarrhoeal
diseases [Rosemann (2005)]
Household’s willingness to pay for safe drinking water: A case study of Abbottabad district
Get PDFThis study is based on survey data and used both the contingent valuation method and averting behaviour approach to capture HH's willingness to pay for services and quality in the drinking water sector. In case of the HH’s WTP for improved water services, the study estimates that there is statistically significant effect of location that in urban areas, HHs has more WTP for improved water services. The study also finds that sources of water have a significant effect on WTP i.e. the HH who have own source are willing to pay in the higher range (Rs 51–100) further tap water has significant effect on WTP for the first two quartiles. As expected, education level ignificantly affects WTP for safe drinking water.contingent valuation, averting behaviour, household survey, willingness to pay, Pakistan
Unlocking Inclusive Growth: The Role of Public Spending in Developing Nations
Get PDFThe study empirically examines the impact of public spending on economic inclusivity in 65 emerging economies from 2000 to 2022. An economic inclusivity index is constructed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and a two-step system-GMM estimation technique is applied to estimate empirical models. Five empirical models are estimated. The results of the first model, with GDP per capita growth as the dependent variable, show a positive association with public spending allocation. Models two and three, with income inequality and poverty as dependent variables, indicate that both decrease with an increase in public spending. Model four shows that productive employment increases with higher public spending allocation. Model five, with the inclusive growth index as the dependent variable, reveals that growth inclusiveness improves with increased public spending. Overall, the findings suggest that in developing countries, economic growth is positively influenced by higher public spending allocation
