24 research outputs found
Fabrication of bismuth ferrite based hybrid nanostructures: Insight into a catalytic and sensing properties for the detection of biomolecules
No full textStreet Scene Video Anomaly Detection Dataset
No full text<p><strong><span>Introduction</span></strong></p>
<p><span>The Street Scene dataset consists of 46 training video sequences and 35 testing video sequences taken from a static USB camera looking down on a scene of a two-lane street with bike lanes and pedestrian sidewalks.<span> </span>Videos were collected from the camera at various times during two consecutive summers.<span> </span>All of the videos were taken during the daytime.<span> </span>The dataset is challenging because of the variety of activities taking place such as cars driving, turning, stopping and parking; pedestrians walking, jogging and pushing strollers; and bikers riding in bike lanes. In addition, the videos contain changing shadows, and moving background such as a flag and trees blowing in the wind.</span></p>
<p><span>There are a total of 202,545 color video frames (56,135 for training and 146,410 for testing) each of size 1280 x 720 pixels. The frames were extracted from the original videos at 15 frames per second.</span></p>
<p><span>The 35 testing sequences have a total of 205 anomalous events consisting of 17 different anomaly types. A complete list of anomaly types and the number of each in the test set can be found in our paper.</span></p>
<p><span>Ground truth annotations are provided for each testing video in the form of bounding boxes around each anomalous event in each frame. Each bounding box is also labeled with a track number, meaning each anomalous event is labeled as a track of bounding boxes. Track lengths vary from tens of frames to 5200 which is the length of the longest testing sequence. A single frame can have more than one anomaly labeled.</span></p>
<p><span>NOTE: This version of the dataset differs slightly with the original made available in 2020.<span> </span>Some anomalies were found in a few of the normal training sequences.<span> </span>These training frames were deleted from the dataset.<span> </span>Specifically, the following frames were removed:</span></p>
<p><span>Train026: frames 1-184 (car taking a u-turn)</span></p>
<p><span>Train027: frames 1-229 (jay walkers)</span></p>
<p><span>Train031: frames 1-299 (jay walkers, illegally parked car)</span></p>
<p><strong><span>At a Glance</span></strong></p>
<ul>
<li><span>The size of the unzipped dataset is ~46GB</span></li>
<li><span>The dataset consists of Train sequences (containing only videos with normal activity), Test sequences (containing some anomalous activity) along with ground truth annotations, and a README.md file describing the data organization and ground truth annotation format.</span></li>
<li><span>The zip file contains a Train directory, a Test directory and a README.md file.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><strong><span>Other Resources</span></strong></p>
<p><span>None</span></p>
<p><strong><span>Citation</span></strong></p>
<p><span>If you use the Street Scene dataset in your research, please cite our contribution:</span></p>
<pre><code>@inproceedings{ramachandra2020street,
title={Street Scene: A new dataset and evaluation protocol for video anomaly detection},
author={Ramachandra, Bharathkumar and Jones, Michael},
booktitle={Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision},
pages={2569--2578},
year={2020}
}
</code></pre>
<p><strong><span>License</span></strong></p>
<p><span>The Street Scene dataset is released under </span><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"><span>CC-BY-SA-4.0 license</span></a><span>.</span></p>
<p><span>All data:</span></p>
<pre><code>Created by Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL), 2023
SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-4.0
</code></pre>
Sunlight driven photocatalytic water splitting using nanostructured bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6)
No full textNovel benzoxazine-based aglycones block glucose uptake in vivo by inhibiting glycosidases
No full textGlycoside hydrolases catalyze the selective hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and their conjugates. β-glucosidases occur in all domains of living organisms and constitute a major group among glycoside hydrolases. On the other hand, the benzoxazinoids occur in living systems and act as stable β-glucosides, such as 2-(2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy- 2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one)-β-D-gluco-pyranose, which hydrolyse to an aglycone DIMBOA. Here, we synthesized the library of novel 1,3-benzoxazine scaffold based aglycones by using 2-aminobenzyl alcohols and aldehydes from one-pot reaction in a chloroacetic acid catalytic system via aerobic oxidative synthesis. Among the synthesized benzoxazines, 4-(7-chloro-2,4-dihydro-1H- benzod1,3oxazin-2-yl)phenol (compound 7) exhibit significant inhibition towards glucosidase compared to acarbose, with a IC50 value of 11.5 μM. Based upon results generated by in silico target prediction algorithms (Naïve Bayesian classifier), these aglycones potentially target the additional sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (where a log likelihood score of 2.70 was observed). Furthermore, the in vitro glucosidase activity was correlated with the in silico docking results, with a high docking score for the aglycones towards the substrate binding site of glycosidase. Evidently, the in vitro and in vivo experiments clearly suggest an anti-hyperglycemic effect via glucose uptake inhibition by 4-(7-chloro-2,4-dihydro-1H-benzod1,3oxazin-2-yl)phenol in the starved rat model. These synthetic aglycones could constitute a novel pharmacological approach for the treatment, or re-enforcement of existing treatments, of type 2 diabetes and associated secondary complications. © 2014 Bharathkumar et al
Synthesis, Computational Studies, and Anti-Tuberculosis Activity of Benzoxazines That Act as RAGE Inhibitors
No full textNovel benzoxazines were synthesized by microwave irradiation and tested for their potential binding affinity towards receptors of advanced glycation end products (RAGE). We found that the compound (2-(2-bromophenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazine) (3i) is a lead inhibitor of RAGE. Further, our in silico prediction that benzoxazines dock towards the AGE binding region of RAGE suggests that these ligands could bind effectively at the hydrophobic pocket of the receptor and additionally form key interactions with Arg48 and Arg104, revealing its diversity in developing anti-RAGE drugs to treat AGE–RAGE-dominant disease conditions. Functionally, we herein report the anti-tuberculosis activity of small molecules which could be bioactive in the culture of mycobacterium tuberculosis
Synthesis and characterization of novel PIPERIDINYL-methyl-PURINEAMINE derivatives
No full textPiperidinyl methyl purine amines are the biologically active compounds, which exhibit different biological activities; we here in reported the purine amine derivatives from bromo fluoro isonicotinate in six steps, which involves, Suzuki coupling, SNAr reaction with different amines, reduction, chlorination, regioselective substitution and deprotection reactions. All the compounds characterized by using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral analysis
Detecting Extreme Events in Gridded Climate Data
No full textAbstractDetecting and tracking extreme events in gridded climatological data is a challenging problem on several fronts: algorithms, scalability, and I/O. Successful detection of these events will give climate scientists an alternate view of the behavior of different climatological variables, leading to enhanced scientific understanding of the impacts of events such as heat and cold waves, and on a larger scale, the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Recent advances in computing power and research in data sciences enabled us to look at this problem with a different perspective from what was previously possible. In this paper we present our computationally efficient algorithms for anomalous cluster detection on climate change big data. We provide results on detection and tracking of surface temperature and geopotential height anomalies, a trend analysis, and a study of relationships between the variables. We also identify the limitations of our approaches, future directions for research and alternate approaches
Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico and in vitro mode-of-action analysis of novel dihydropyrimidones targeting PPAR-gamma
No full textHepatocellular carcinoma, a fatal liver cancer, affects 600 000 people annually and ranks third in cancer-related lethality. In this work we report the synthesis and related biological activity of novel dihydropyrimidones. Among the tested compounds, 5-acetyl-4-(1H-indol- 3-yl)-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one (4g) was found to be most active towards the HepG2 cell line (IC50 = 17.9 mu M), being at the same time 7.6-fold selective over normal (LO2) liver cells (IC50 = 136.9 mu M). Subsequently, we identified peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma as a target of compound 4g using an in silico approach, and confirmed this mode-of-action experimentally
Synthesis, glycosidase inhibitory activity and computational studies of dideoxymethylnojirimycin and its derivatives
No full textWe report here the synthesis and biological evaluation of dideoxynojirimycin and its analogs and their functional effect on glucosidase enzyme inhibition against α-glucosidase(yeast), α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase (kluyveromyces lactis). All the compounds significantly inhibited the α-glucosidase(yeast) activity when compared to DNJ and shown strong inhibition against β-galactosidase (kluyveromyces lactis) when compared to DNJ. The molecular docking studies also reveals that these compounds showing strong ligand binding energies against yeast-ɑ-glucosidase- I, yeast β-galactosidase and human lysosomal acid–ɑ-glucosidase. Interestingly the analogues having N-H, N-alkyl and N-benzyl group along with ethyl group significantly inhibited the β-galactosidase activity when compared to DNJ. The in-silico studies are in correlation with invitro activity data; therefore, this study will be useful to develop further glycosidase inhibitors
Triazole‐Pyridine Dicarbonitrile Targets Phosphodiesterase 4 to Induce Cytotoxicity in Lung Carcinoma Cells
No full text
