67 research outputs found
Memoried flesh: shock and trauma in late nineteenth-century Russian fiction
No full textThis dissertation focuses on representations of nervous shock and trauma in nineteenth-century Russian literature, with special focus on the works by Fedor Dostoevsky and Anton Chekhov. The current genealogy of trauma relies heavily on the work of Sigmund Freud and of subsequent scholars and is often retrospectively imported into analyses of nineteenth-century literary texts. In contrast, the author of this study relies on a two-directional interpretive move, in which both nineteenth-century theories and present-day scholarship are put into a mutually elucidating dialog, leading to previously unexplored interpretive avenues. Furthermore, the author asserts that literary analysis serves as a useful tool for this genealogical project, because both nineteenth-century fiction and the period's sciences of the mind were part of a broad intellectual milieu, wherein fiction's nuanced exploration of its characters' psyches opened new avenues of psychological inquiry for the mental sciences. Ultimately, the author demonstrates that nineteenth-century nervous shock, unlike present-day trauma, is overwhelmingly chronic (as opposed to acute) and physiological (as opposed to psychogenic) in nature, with pathology primarily originating in the nervous system. Furthermore, whereas with trauma, emphasis is placed on the role of the brain and ultimately on narrativization for potential healing, with shock, intervention is overwhelmingly physiological in nature and does not necessarily involve the direct participation of the brain. Instead, injury, its transmission to future generations, as well as healing can all take place purely on the level of the body, without the direct involvement of consciousness and the brain.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-05-01The student, Anna Hamrick, accepted the attached license on 2016-04-12 at 20:13.The student, Anna Hamrick, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-04-12 at 20:28.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-04-13 at 09:58.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9178 on 2016-07-07 at 14:16:34Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T21:14:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2016-04-13Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93242
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Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93242
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Gardner-Webb English Department Hosts Program with Award-Winning Author
No full textAward-winning author Annette Saunooke Clapsaddle will be the guest speaker for the Darlene J. Gravett Visiting Writer Series on Oct. 2 at Gardner-Webb University. Hosted by the Department of English Language and Literature, Clapsaddle will spend time during the day sharing with creative writing and first-year composition students. The public is invited to hear Clapsaddle speak at 7 p.m. in Hamrick Hall’s Blanton Auditorium. She will discuss her debut novel, “Even As We Breathe.”https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/gardner-webb-newscenter-archive/3703/thumbnail.jp
Leadership experiences of African American women who are mid-level student affairs administrators
No full textFor too long the universal leadership map for those interested in learning about leadership has drawn from the leadership values and beliefs of individuals whose life experiences do not fully represent the demographical changes that have occurred within the larger community (Parker, 2005). Consequently, African American women with intentions of using extant literature on leadership as a means or directional tool to gaining higher levels of personal and professional understanding of their own leadership approaches, inevitably confront a discourse shaped by the perceptions and experiences of White men and White women (Parker, 2005). To this end, exploration of leadership issues related to one of these groups---African American women mid-level student affairs administrators---was the primary focus of this qualitative study. Six African American women with at least six years, but no more than 15 years, in student affairs participated in this study. All of the respondents were currently employed in the student affairs division at their respective institutions, which include four Associate Colleges (two year institutions) and two Doctoral Research Intensive Institutions. Personal leadership approach, professional experiences as mid-level experiences, professional challenges, and support structures were the four themes that emerged in this study on leadership experiences of African American women student affairs administrators. Conclusions drawn from the study were that heterarchical and collective forms of leadership practices and beliefs rather than hierarchical were described and exhibited by the respondents. Supervisor-supervisee relationship appeared to impact the respondents' abilities to fulfill their leadership responsibilities. The positional realities of being mid-level administrators appeared to be a mixed bag of positive and negative realties. The formal and informal network served a critical role in respondents' abilities to minimize some of the professional challenges they encounter in their workplaces. The confounding nature of racial and gender issues emerged in the respondents' accounts of their leadership experiences.</p
Strange Things, Moving Things, Wild Animals: Attentional Capture and Suppression of Threat in Social Anxiety
No full textSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with significant functional impairment and low remission rates, even at subclinical levels. Selective attention to social threat, or attentional bias, has been proposed as a cognitive mechanism contributing to the development and maintenance of SAD. However, decades of research have produced mixed findings, and attempts to modify attentional bias have yielded modest treatment effects. One reason for these inconsistencies may be that traditional models of attentional bias have focused primarily on early, automatic capture of threat. In contrast, emerging work in visual cognition emphasizes the role of proactive attentional suppression, such as the signal suppression hypothesis, according to which even salient stimuli may be inhibited in early stages of visual processing, before they capture attention. The current study extends the signal suppression hypothesis to socially threatening stimuli and tests whether anxiety symptoms disrupt this form of proactive attentional control. 48 undergraduate participants completed an eye-tracking task involving an adaptation of the additional singleton paradigm, in which either an angry or a neutral face appeared as a singleton distractor in an array of otherwise all-angry or all-neutral faces. Participants were instructed to report the orientation of a gradient inside a predefined target shape. First saccade destination and manual reaction time were recorded as indices of attentional capture or suppression. At the group level, results provided strong support for the signal suppression hypothesis. First saccades were significantly more likely to land on nonsingleton distractors than singleton distractors, and response times were faster on singleton-present trials, suggesting that salient, task-irrelevant stimuli were proactively suppressed regardless of emotional context. However, linear mixed-effects models, which are more sensitive to individual differences, revealed that anxiety symptoms moderated these effects. Contrary to hypotheses, social anxiety symptoms did not significantly predict oculomotor capture, although a trend-level interaction was observed. Trait cognitive anxiety emerged as the strongest and only significant predictor of increased oculomotor capture of angry distractors, indicating reduced suppression efficiency under conditions of emotional salience. In contrast, reaction time analyses were largely nonsignificant. These findings advance mechanistic accounts of attentional bias by demonstrating that proactive suppression, and not just stimulus-driven capture, plays a central role in visual attention to social threat. The specific effect of trait cognitive anxiety underscores the importance of anticipatory processing and goal-directed inhibition as targets for future theoretical models. Moreover, the discrepancy between oculomotor and reaction time findings suggests that early-stage attentional disruptions may go undetected in traditional behavioral tasks, highlighting the value of eye-tracking methods. Taken together, this study contributes to a more nuanced framework for understanding anxiety-related attentional control and offers a foundation for future work integrating the study of anxiety with contemporary theories of visual cognition
Strange Things, Moving Things, Wild Animals: Attentional Capture and Suppression of Threat in Social Anxiety
No full textSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with significant functional impairment and low remission rates, even at subclinical levels. Selective attention to social threat, or attentional bias, has been proposed as a cognitive mechanism contributing to the development and maintenance of SAD. However, decades of research have produced mixed findings, and attempts to modify attentional bias have yielded modest treatment effects. One reason for these inconsistencies may be that traditional models of attentional bias have focused primarily on early, automatic capture of threat. In contrast, emerging work in visual cognition emphasizes the role of proactive attentional suppression, such as the signal suppression hypothesis, according to which even salient stimuli may be inhibited in early stages of visual processing, before they capture attention. The current study extends the signal suppression hypothesis to socially threatening stimuli and tests whether anxiety symptoms disrupt this form of proactive attentional control. 48 undergraduate participants completed an eye-tracking task involving an adaptation of the additional singleton paradigm, in which either an angry or a neutral face appeared as a singleton distractor in an array of otherwise all-angry or all-neutral faces. Participants were instructed to report the orientation of a gradient inside a predefined target shape. First saccade destination and manual reaction time were recorded as indices of attentional capture or suppression. At the group level, results provided strong support for the signal suppression hypothesis. First saccades were significantly more likely to land on nonsingleton distractors than singleton distractors, and response times were faster on singleton-present trials, suggesting that salient, task-irrelevant stimuli were proactively suppressed regardless of emotional context. However, linear mixed-effects models, which are more sensitive to individual differences, revealed that anxiety symptoms moderated these effects. Contrary to hypotheses, social anxiety symptoms did not significantly predict oculomotor capture, although a trend-level interaction was observed. Trait cognitive anxiety emerged as the strongest and only significant predictor of increased oculomotor capture of angry distractors, indicating reduced suppression efficiency under conditions of emotional salience. In contrast, reaction time analyses were largely nonsignificant. These findings advance mechanistic accounts of attentional bias by demonstrating that proactive suppression, and not just stimulus-driven capture, plays a central role in visual attention to social threat. The specific effect of trait cognitive anxiety underscores the importance of anticipatory processing and goal-directed inhibition as targets for future theoretical models. Moreover, the discrepancy between oculomotor and reaction time findings suggests that early-stage attentional disruptions may go undetected in traditional behavioral tasks, highlighting the value of eye-tracking methods. Taken together, this study contributes to a more nuanced framework for understanding anxiety-related attentional control and offers a foundation for future work integrating the study of anxiety with contemporary theories of visual cognition
The Effectiveness of Georgia Special Education Services by Service Model: Increasing standardized test scores along students with disabilities
No full textStudents with disabilities perform below proficiency in state standardized assessments year after year. On the Georgia Milestones Assessment System (GMAS), less than ten percent of students with disabilities score proficient. The research analyzed student ELA and math proficiency on the GMAS compared to student eligibility category and the service model chosen for instruction.Embargo status: Restricted until 06/2027. To request the author grant access, click on the PDF link to the left
Psychometric properties of a Modified Moral Injury Questionnaire in a military population.
No full textMoral injury (MI) results from perpetration of or exposure to distressing events, known as morally injurious events (MIEs), that challenge moral beliefs and values. Due to the type of involvement in recent military conflicts, many veterans report MIEs that may cause dissonance and, in turn, MI. Although 2 existing measures assess MIEs, neither currently assesses the defining characteristics of MI (i.e., guilt, shame, difficulty forgiving self and others, and withdrawal). The present study reports the initial psychometric test of a modified version (Robbins, Kelley, Hamrick, Bravo, & White, 2017) of the Moral Injury Questionnaire—Military version (MIQ-M; Currier, Holland, Drescher, & Foy, 2015) in a sample of 328 military personnel (e.g., veterans, National Guard/reservists, and active-duty members). The MIQ-M was modified to assess both MIEs and the defining characteristics of MI. Exploratory factor analyses suggested a 3-factor model of MIEs consisting of Atrocities of War, Psychological Consequences of War, and Leadership Failure or Betrayal. The modified MIQ-M factors were correlated with defining characteristics of MI. In addition, each MIE factor and associated defining characteristics of MI were positively correlated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety, as well as substance use. The modified MIQ-M is a reliable measure of MI that comprises 3 subscales that are associated with, but distinct from, mental health outcomes. Although findings are promising, further research evaluating the applicability of the modified MIQ-M in clinical settings is required to establish construct validity of the defining characteristics and secondary manifestations of MI
Telesemantics and the Believer
No full textThe paper concerns itself with Low-Level teleosemantics, a naturalized theory of intentionality designed to indicate which biological devices and which description are most immediate (and least sophisticated) to how an organism’s (such as a frog) representational system properly functions. The author argues for how Karen Neander’s approach solves Fodor’s indeterminacy problem. The author thoroughly responds to the objection that the Low-Level theory cannot generalize up to more sophisticated mental contents, such as belief-desire human psychology. He introduces a few tools, strategies, and considerations that extend the Low-Level theory, making it possible to increase mental state complexity by moving from action-oriented representations to action-independent representations by accounting for causal interaction between multiple representations, which thus account for behavior variation
Rearticulating the Leadership Experiences of African American Women in Midlevel Student Affairs Administration
No full textNo faithful oaths : a comparison of Esau’s speech in Jubilees 37:18-23 with Achilles’ speech in Iliad 22.260-272
No full textSince the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the mid-twentieth century scholars have made significant progress in understanding the Book of Jubilees, yet very little work has been done exploring this composition within its broader non-Jewish Hellenistic literary and cultural context.
The handful of studies that have addressed this issue show that Jubilees was conversant with Greek intellectual traditions, demonstrating the potential fruitfulness of this area of research and the need to explore it further. This thesis attempts a modest contribution to this task by
examining Esau's speech to Jacob in Jubilees 37:18-23 in light of Achilles' speech to Hector in Iliad 22:260-272. This comparison reveals that Esau’s speech exhibits notable similarities to Achilles’ speech in literary setting, rhetorical purpose, rhetorical mechanism, use of imagery,
syntax, vocabulary, and characterization. These similarities are best explained as the result of the author of Jubilees intentionally adopting and adapting elements of the Iliad for his own purposes
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