337,361 research outputs found
Muscular power (upper and lower body) and performance in the hammer throw
No full textThis file was last viewed in Adobe Reader 7.0The relationship between upper body power, lower body power, and performance
in the hammer throw was studied. At a late season NCAA track and field meet, nine
athletes from Division III universities, with at least one year of experience in throwing
the hammer, were the subjects for this research. Within one hour after each of the
subjects completed all their competitions for the day, including the hammer throw, they
performed the standard Wingate test on a Monarch cycle ergometer and a modified
Wingate test on a modified cycle ergometer to determine muscular power in both the
lower and upper body respectively. Data was then analyzed in Microsoft Excel’s
spreadsheet and software. A correlational analysis was completed to determine the
relationship of the mean differences (within each gender grouping) between performance and PR, performance and R-total (standard and modified Wingate), performance and peak anaerobic power (W/kg) (standard and modified Wingate), and anaerobic capacity (W/kg) (standard and modified Wingate). Statistical levels of significance were determined at the 5% level.
From the women’s results, correlations of statistical significance at the 5% level were found with performance and PR (0.977), performance and standard Wingate R-total (0.698), performance and standard Wingate Peak AnC (0.7003), and performance and standard Wingate Rel AnC (0.7666). Correlations were not significant between performance and all three modified Wingate results: R-total (0.2738), Peak AnC (0.3288), and Rel AnC (0.2875).
From the men’s results, correlations of statistical significance at the 5% level
were found with performance and PR (0.944), performance and standard Wingate R-total (0.804), performance and standard Wingate Peak AnC (0.6833), performance and
standard Wingate Rel AnC (0.7666). The correlation of performance and modified
Wingate R-total (0.580) was also statistically significant, but the relationship was weak. Correlations were not significant between performance and the remaining modified Wingate results: Peak AnC (0.4287) and Rel AnC (0.2161).
The correlations between performance and R-total, Rel Peak AnP, and Rel AnC
for the standard Wingate, were very strong for both the female and male subjects. The
modified Wingate, upper body test, only moderately correlated performance to R-total for the male subjects. This study indicated that the desired power for throwing the hammer related strongly to lower body power. This tends to suggest that lower body power would be a better predictor of current performance, and that future performance would be greatly influenced by training the lower body for higher power outputs
Do Chimpanzees Use Weight to Select Hammer Tools?
No full textThis study was financially supported by a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Predoc Grant (http://www.jsps.go.jp/english/e-summer/index.html) to Cornelia Schrauf. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.The extent to which tool-using animals take into account relevant task parameters is poorly understood. Nut cracking is one of the most complex forms of tool use, the choice of an adequate hammer being a critical aspect in success. Several properties make a hammer suitable for nut cracking, with weight being a key factor in determining the impact of a strike; in general, the greater the weight the fewer strikes required. This study experimentally investigated whether chimpanzees are able to encode the relevance of weight as a property of hammers to crack open nuts. By presenting chimpanzees with three hammers that differed solely in weight, we assessed their ability to relate the weight of the different tools with their effectiveness and thus select the most effective one(s). Our results show that chimpanzees use weight alone in selecting tools to crack open nuts and that experience clearly affects the subjects' attentiveness to the tool properties that are relevant for the task at hand. Chimpanzees can encode the requirements that a nut-cracking tool should meet (in terms of weight) to be effective.Peer reviewe
Large water-hammer pressure for column separation in pipelines
No full textWater-hammer pressures in a pipeline due to the collapse of a vapor cavity adjacent to a valve are investigated. A water-hammer event is initiated by the closure of a valve in a simple reservoir-pipeline-valve system. The sequence of events following an instantaneous valve closure leading to the formation and collapse of a vapor cavity and the resultant occurrence of a short-duration pressure pulse are described. Short-duration pressure pulses result from the superposition of the valve-closure water-hammer wave and the wave generated by the collapse of the vapor cavity. The resulting maximum pressure may exceed the Joukowsky pressure generated from the initial valve closure. A series of numerical model analyses exhibiting short-duration pressure pulses are presented. In addition, experimental results supporting the findings of the numerical studies are also presented. Experimental plots of hydraulic grade line versus time exhibit short-duration pressure pulses of different shape and characteristics.Angus R. Simpson and E. Benjamin Wyli
Memo : from the Hammer Creek Press
No full text"From the Scientific Department of the Hammer Creek Press.
Portrait of R. S. Guthrie [picture] /
No full textTitle from signature on mount.; Condition: Good.; Inscriptions: "R. S. Guthrie" --Signed in ink lower left. "Hammer, Adelaide" --Printed lower right corner. "Guthrie, S.A." --In pencil on reverse
Charles S. Hammer, Druggist and Apothecary (1867)
No full textThe finest drug store in the State of Nevada...Wells Fargo & Co.'s fireproof building, Carson City, Nevada. Dealer in drugs, medicines, chemicals, stationery, window glass, paints and oils. Brushes, putty, wicks, oils, etc. Perfumery, cosmetics, pomades, hair oils, brushes, fancy toilet articles..."Billy Willson's Liniment." Briefly described and known as the "Best Horse Liniment" in the world. Hammer's Essence of Pure Jamaica Ginger, Lemon Syrup, etc., etc.Cosmetics and perfumes
Hair products and toiletries
Health and hygiene
Health and patent medicine
Paranura quadrilobata Hammer 1953
No full textP. quadrilobata Hammer, 1953 – Paranura quadrilobata Hammer, 1953: 24 AK MacLean et al. 1978; Fjellberg 1985; Skidmore 1995; Christiansen & Bellinger 1998 YT Hammer 1953 NT Hammer 1953; Christiansen & Bellinger 1980, 1998; Danks 1981; Skidmore 1993, 1995; Babenko & Fjellberg 2006; Stebaeva et al. 2016 General distribution: Nearctic and Eastern Palaearctic.Published as part of Babenko, Anatoly, Stebaeva, Sophya & Turnbull, Matthew S., 2019, An updated checklist of Canadian and Alaskan Collembola, pp. 1-125 in Zootaxa 4592 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4592.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/265692
Morulina mackenziana Hammer 1953
No full textM. mackenziana Hammer, 1953 – Morulina mackenziana Hammer, 1953: 50 AK Christiansen & Bellinger 1980, 1998; Fjellberg 1985; Skidmore 1995; Babenko & Fjellberg 2006 YT Hammer 1953 NT Hammer 1953, 1955; Christiansen & Bellinger 1980, 1998; Danks 1981; Skidmore 1993, 1995; Babenko & Fjellberg 2006; Stebaeva et al. 2016 NU Fjellberg 1986, 1994; Hogg & Hebert 2004; Babenko & Fjellberg 2006 General distribution: Nearctic and Eastern Palaearctic.Published as part of Babenko, Anatoly, Stebaeva, Sophya & Turnbull, Matthew S., 2019, An updated checklist of Canadian and Alaskan Collembola, pp. 1-125 in Zootaxa 4592 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4592.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/265692
Xenylla canadensis Hammer 1953
No full textX. canadensis Hammer, 1953 – Xenylla canadensis Hammer, 1953: 20 AK Fjellberg 1985; Skidmore 1995 NT Hammer 1953; Christiansen & Bellinger 1980, 1998; Skidmore 1993, 1995; Babenko & Fjellberg 2006; Stebaeva et al. 2016 BC Cannings 2010 MB Hammer 1953; Skidmore 1995; Babenko & Fjellberg 2006; Porco et al. 2014 General distribution: Nearctic.Published as part of Babenko, Anatoly, Stebaeva, Sophya & Turnbull, Matthew S., 2019, An updated checklist of Canadian and Alaskan Collembola, pp. 1-125 in Zootaxa 4592 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4592.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/265692
S-HAMMER: Hierarchical attribute-guided, symmetric diffeomorphic registration for MR brain images: S-HAMMER for MR Brain Images
No full textDeformable registration has been widely used in neuroscience studies for spatial normalization of brain images onto the standard space. Because of possible large anatomical differences across different individual brains, registration performance could be limited when trying to estimate a single directed deformation pathway, i.e., either from template to subject or from subject to template. Symmetric image registration, however, offers an effective way to simultaneously deform template and subject images toward each other until they meet at the middle point. Although some intensity-based registration algorithms have nicely incorporated this concept of symmetric deformation, the pointwise intensity matching between two images may not necessarily imply the matching of correct anatomical correspondences. Based on HAMMER registration algorithm (Shen and Davatzikos, [2002]: IEEE Trans Med Imaging 21:1421–1439), we integrate the strategies of hierarchical attribute matching and symmetric diffeomorphic deformation to build a new symmetric-diffeomorphic HAMMER registration algorithm, called as S-HAMMER. The performance of S-HAMMER has been extensively compared with 14 state-of-the-art nonrigid registration algorithms evaluated in (Klein et al., [2009]: NeuroImage 46:786–802) by using real brain images in LPBA40, IBSR18, CUMC12, and MGH10 datasets. In addition, the registration performance of S-HAMMER, by comparison with other methods, is also demonstrated on both elderly MR brain images (>70 years old) and the simulated brain images with ground-truth deformation fields. In all experiments, our proposed method achieves the best registration performance over all other registration methods, indicating the high applicability of our method in future neuroscience and clinical applications
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