180,652 research outputs found
Apobaetis pasternakae De Lima & Cruz & Hamada 2023, sp. nov.
No full textApobaetis pasternakae sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CA9DDFA5-45BE-44FC-9EC5-A92B09F133B8 Figs 1, 3–5 Apobaetis fiuzai – Cruz et al. 2011: 89. –– Falcão et al. 2011: 519. –– Boldrini et al. 2012: 92. Diagnosis MALE IMAGO (adapted from Cruz et al. 2011). Wing (Cruz et al. 2011: fig. 8). hyaline, veins light brown; stigmatic area with eight veins not touching Sc vein; marginal intercalary veins paired, except single between veins IMP2 and CuA, absent between CuA and A; length of each intercalary vein 0.6× distance between adjacent longitudinal vein; length of forewing about 2.5 × width. External genitalia (Cruz et al. 2011: fig. 10a–b). Area between unistyligers with a deep V emargination. Internal genitalia (Fig. 5H). A pair of sclerotized gonovectes V-shaped, broad apex (gv); retractor muscle of the gonovectes fixed in the angle region of the gonovectes (m.gv); sclerotized penial bridge (pb); a pair of styligeral muscle (ms). NYMPH. Characterized by a combination of the following characters: 1) labrum rectangular, distal medial margin with one protuberance; dorsal surface with 3 to 5 elongated and blunt medial setae near distal margin (Fig. 4A–B); 2) hypopharynx with lingua subcircular, with apical tuft of setae, length subequal to superlingua (Fig. 4E); 3) maxillary palp long, greater than or equal to 2.0× the length of galea-lacinia; segment II tapering abruptly from the apical half to the apex, without apical constriction (Fig. 4F); 4) labial palp segment II with triangular pointed distomedial projection, apically directed; segment III rectangular, distal margin slightly concave (Fig. 4G); 5) foreleg with dorsal margin of femur with one row of 11 to 13 concave and blunt long setae; claw 0.6–0.8× length of tarsus, without row of denticles (Fig. 5A); 6) posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular and pointed spines in irregular sizes (Fig. 5C); 7) paraproct with several marginal spines, posterolateral extension without spines (Fig. 5E). Etymology The species name is a tribute to Dr Natália Pasternak, founder of the Instituto Questão de Ciências in São Paulo. During the Coronavirus Pandemic, she acted fighting fake news. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • nymph on slide; Amazonas State, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, stream Barro Branco; 02º53′ S, 59º58′ W; 10 Mar. 2009; R. Boldrini and P. V. Cruz leg.; INPA. Paratypes BRAZIL – Amazonas • 2 nymphs on slide; same collection data as for holotype; INPA • 5 nymphs in alcohol 80%; same collection data as for holotype; INPA. Additional material BRAZIL – Amazonas • 12 ♂♂ imagoes in 80% alcohol; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, stream Barro Branco; 02º53′ S, 59º58′ W; 8Apr. 2009; R. Boldrini leg.; INPA • 5 males imagoes genitalia on slide; same collection data as for preceding; INPA • 6 nymphs on slide; Presidente Figueiredo, Corredeira da Pantera; 02º02′ S, 59º50′ W; 8 Nov. 2009; R. Boldrini and P. V. Cruz leg.; INPA • 1 nymph on slide; same collection data as for preceding; 12 Nov. 2009; INPA • 3 nymphs on slide; Presidente Figueiredo, Cachoeira do Santuário; 02º03′ S, 59º55′ W; 13 Nov. 2009; R. Boldrini and P. V. Cruz leg.; INPA • 1 nymph on slide; Apuí; 07º11′ S, 59º53′ W; 2 Jul. 2018; P. V. Cruz, G. Desidério and N. Hamada leg.; INPA. – Roraima • 2 nymphs on slide; Caroebe, Rio Caroebe, ramal 37, Cachoeirinha farms; 00º57′09.2″ N, 59º37′00.5″ W; 23 Mar. 2012; N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA • 12 nymphs in alcohol 80%; same collection data as for preceding; INPA • 1 nymph in alcohol 80%; Caroebe, Lago Jacundá, Vicinal 02; 00º50′59.8″ N, 59º40′48.2″ W; 29 Nov. 2006; J.N. Falcão leg.; INPA • 2 nymphs on slide; São João da Baliza, sítio do igarapé; 01º00′59.7″ N, 59º55′53.1″ W; 24 Mar. 2012; N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA • 3 nymphs in alcohol 80%; same collection data as for preceding; INPA • 3 nymphs on slide; Caroebe, Igarapé do Jacaré, vicinal 05; 01º03′58.2″ N, 59º3′06.8″ W; 19 Mar. 2013; N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA • 4 nymphs on slide; Caroebe, Rio Caroebe, vicinal 05; 01º03′58.2″ N, 59º3′06.8″ W; 12 Mar. 2018; P. V. Cruz and I.O. Fernandes leg.; INPA • 1 nymph on slide; Pacaraima, Rio Ereu; 01º56′01.3″ N, 61º01′38.4″ W; 26 Mar. 2012; N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA • 1 nymph on slide; Boa Vista, Rio Murupu; 03º01′16.3″ N, 60º46′32.9″ W; 19 Dec. 2004; N. Hamada and F.F. Salles leg.; INPA • 1 nymph on slide; Bonfim, Rio Arraia; 03º21′01.6″ N, 59º54′14.5″ W; 5 Nov. 2006; J.N. Falcão leg.; INPA • 1 nymph in alcohol 80%; Caroebe, Lago Jacundá, first bridge, Vicinal 2; 00º50′59.8″ N, 59º40′48.2″ W; 29 Nov. 2008; J.N. Falcão leg.; INPA • 2 nymphs on slide; Bonfim, Rio Arraia; 03º21′04.0″ N, 59º54′13.5″ W; 27 Mar. 2012; N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA • 2 nymphs in alcohol 80%; same collection data as for preceding; INPA • 2 nymphs on slide; Cantá, Rio do Cachorro bridge; 02º25′20.2″ N, 60º40′00.9″ W; 28 Mar. 2012; N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA • 2 nymphs on slide; BR 170; 02º08′59.9″ N, 60º40′39.9″ W; 28 Mar. 2012; N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA. – Rondônia • 3 nymphs on slide; Candeias do Jamarí, Igarapé da Onça; 08º52′40.0″ S, 63º38′02.2″ W; 9 Jul. 2016; N. Hamada and P. V. Cruz leg.; INPA. – Maranhão • 2 nymphs on slide; Estreito, BR 010, near the bridge, Rio Farinha; 06º31′47.3″ S, 47º28′11.4″ W; 22 Jul. 2010; N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA. Description Nymph LENGTH. Body: 2.9–3.1 mm. HEAD. Antenna. Flagellum with minute spines at apex of each flagellomere. Labrum (Fig. 4A–B). Length about 0.5 × maximum width; distal medial margin with one protuberance; dorsal surface with 3 to 5 elongated and blunt medial setae near distal margin; medially with one row of long and thin setae near distal margin; long, thin and simple setae covering dorsal surface; ventral surface with spine-like setae on distolateral and distal margins. Left mandible (Fig. 4C). Incisors not fused; outer and inner set of incisors with 4 and 3 denticles, respectively; prostheca robust, bifurcated at apex, outer lobe robust, inner lobe slender with medial tuft of setae; margin between prostheca and mola concave; subtriangular process wide with short protuberance on distal margin; tuft of setae at base of subtriangular process; denticles of mola not constricted; lateral margin convex. Right mandible (Fig. 4D). Incisors not fused; outer and inner set of incisors each with 3 denticles; prostheca slender, bifurcated at apex; margin between prostheca and mola concave; tuft of setae at base of mola absent; denticles of mola not constricted; lateral margin convex. Hypopharynx (Fig. 4E). Lingua subcircular, with apical tuft of setae, length subequal to superlingua; superlingua not expanded, with short, fine and simple setae scattered over distolateral and distal margin. Maxilla (Fig. 4F). Maxillary palp long, greater than or equal to 2.0 × length of galea-lacinia; segment I 0.7× length of galea-lacinia; segment II tapering abruptly from apical half to apex, with fine and simple setae scattered over surface, without apical constriction. Labium (Fig. 4G). Glossa subquadrangular, medially broad, subequal to paraglossa; dorsal surface with one longitudinal row of 4 short spine-like setae near inner margin; apex with 3 short spine-like setae; longitudinal row of 9 robust spine-like setae near outer margin; ventral surface covered with long, thin and simple setae. Paraglossa curved inward; dorsal surface with long and robust setae on apex; outer margin with one longitudinal row of 16 long spine-like setae to base and one longitudinal row of 6 long and robust spine-like setae to base near inner margin; ventral surface with one longitudinal row of 7 long and robust spine-like setae at middle, at apical half. Labial palp with segment I 0.8 × length of segments II and III combined, covered with micropores (not illustrated); segment II with outer margin covered with thin, long and simple setae, inner margin bare; segment II with triangular pointed distomedial projection apically directed; ventral surface of distomedial projection with tuft thin, long and simple setae; segment III rectangular, distal margin slightly concave, length 0.6× width, covered with fine, long and simple setae on outer margin, dorsally with a row of 11 to 14 robust setae in different sizes near distal margin, ventrally with 10 to 12 robust spine-like setae in different sizes near distal margin. THORAX. Holotype pigment (Fig. 3A–C). Light yellow; femur with rounded brown mark on apical third. Foreleg (Fig. 5A–B). Femur: dorsal margin with one row of 11 to 13 concave and blunt long setae; apex with 2 concave and blunt long setae; ventral margin with one row of 6 to 8 elongated spine-like setae; posterior surface with one row of 8 to 10 elongated spine-like setae near ventral margin. Tibia: dorsal margin bare, ventral margin with one row of 8 to 10 spine-like setae. Patella-tibial suture present, from dorsal to ventral margin. Tarsus: dorsal margin bare, ventral margin with one row of 12 to 15 spine-like setae. Claw: 0.6–0.8× length of tarsus, row of denticules absent. Middle and hindleg similar to foreleg. ABDOMEN. Holotype pigment (Fig. 3A–C). Light yellow; terga I and II with medial brown mark; tergum V with lateral brown mark; tergum IX with brown mark on anterior margin; sterna VI–VIII with anterolateral light brown mark almost imperceptible; sternum IX with brown mark on lateral and anterior margin. Tergum IV (Fig. 5C). Terga surface covered by triangular scale-like projections and by micropores; posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular and pointed spines, in irregular sizes. Gill (Fig. 5D) apex rounded, trachea conspicuous; median length, extending to half of second subsequent tergum. Paraproct (Fig. 5E) with several marginal spines; posterolateral extension without spines. Cerci (Fig. 5F) short lateral spines on all segments. Paracercus (Fig. 5G) short lateral spines on all segments. Male imago INTERNAL GENITALIA (Fig. 5H). A pair of unistyligers cylindrical, completely separated one from another (us); sclerotized penial bridge articulated with the gonovectes and the X tergum abdominal (pb); pair of sclerotized gonovectes V-shaped, broad apex (gv) with an attached membrane on lateral parts (mb); a pair of gonovectal muscle goes from gonovectes apex to lateral parts of IX sternum (m.gv); a pair of median styligeral muscle goes from lateral parts of membrane to posterior margin of IX sternum (ms). Intraspecific variation of Apobaetis pasternakae sp. nov. Pigment variation THORAX. Light yellow, with short brown spots (Fig. 3D, F, 3J, M); brown mark covering almost completely the thorax (Fig. 3H); femur without marks (Fig. 3G); forewing pads with brown mark on basal third (Fig. 3H). ABDOMEN. Terga I–III with brown spots (Fig. 3D, F); terga I–X with short light brown marks (Fig. 3J); tergum I with medial brown mark, terga II and III with brown marks, terga IV–X with light brown spots (Fig. 3M); sterna VII and VIII with anterolateral brown mark (Fig. 3G); sterna I–VIII with anterolateral brown mark, sterna I–VIII with lateral brown mark (Fig. 3L, N); cerci e paracercus with light brown trio marks, alternating over of length (Fig. 3D, J, M). Morphological variation LENGTH. Body 2.2–3.1 mm.Published as part of De Lima, Cláudia R. T., Cruz, Paulo Vilela & Hamada, Neusa, 2023, Additions and corrections to taxonomy of Apobaetis fiuzai Salles & Lugo-Ortiz, 2002 and Apobaetis kallawaya Nieto, 2006 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), pp. 136-161 in European Journal of Taxonomy 879 (1) on pages 143-145, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.879.2167, http://zenodo.org/record/815539
Rivudiva amazona Cruz & Boldrini & De Lima & Hamada 2022, sp. nov.
No full textRivudiva amazona sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 595B6165-BC4E-4AFB-BF4F-CD6FB5C22432 Figs 4–7 Rivudiva trichobasis – Falcão et al. 2011: 539. Diagnosis NYMPH. The combination of the characters: 1) labrum with distal margin straight (Fig. 4A); 2) labrum ventral surface with robust, distally bifid, eventually pectinated, setae on distal margin (Fig. 4A); 3) left mandible with incisors fused at basal third (Fig. 4B); 4) maxillary palp segment II with reduced apical lobe (Fig. 4D); 5) hypopharynx without distomedial projection (Fig. 4F); 6) glossa oval with inner and outer arcs of setae not sinuous and close to margins (Fig. 4G–H); 7) labial palp segment III robust, conical and apically pointed (Fig. 4G); 8) dorsal margin of forefemur with one row of long setae from middle length to apex (Fig. 5A); 9) forefemur on anterior surface with long blunt setae at middle (Fig. 5A); 10) patella-tibial suture present; 11) distal margin of terga with elongated triangular spines (Fig. 6A). Etymology The name ʻ Amazonas ʼ was given to native South American women after they attacked a conquest expedition. This species is named in honor of these brave native women. Name in apposition. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • nymph on slide; Roraima, Caroebe, River Caroebe, vicinal 05; 00°54′47.3″ N, 59°34′19.9″ W; 19 Mar. 2013; P.V. Cruz, N. Hamada, R. Boldrini and G. Petronilo leg.; sand; INPA. Paratypes BRAZIL • 14 nymphs; same collection data as for holotype; INPA • 2 nymphs on slide; same locality as for holotype; 12 Mar. 2018; P.V. Cruz and I.O. Fernandes leg.; sand; INPA. Additional material BRAZIL • 4 nymphs; Roraima, BR-170, 41 Km turn to BR-432, old bridge, right from Vila de Santa Rita; 02°08′59.9″ N, 60°40′39.9″ W; 28 Mar. 2012; P.V. Cruz, N. Hamada, R. Boldrini and G. Petronilo leg.; sand; INPA • 3 nymphs; Roraima, Pacaraima, River Ereu; 04°02′02.9″ N, 61°23′09.5″ W; 26 Mar. 2012; P.V. Cruz, N. Hamada, R. Boldrini and G. Petronilo leg.; INPA • 3 nymphs; Roraima, São João da Baliza, Ramal 27, stream Lajinha; 01°00′59.7″ N, 59°55′53.1″ W; 24 Mar. 2012; P.V. Cruz, N. Hamada, R. Boldrini and G. Petronilo leg.; INPA • 1 nymph; Roraima, Caroebe, Ramal 37, River Caroebe, Cachoeirinha farm; 00°57′09.2″ N, 59°37′00.5″ W; 23 Mar. 2012; P.V. Cruz, N. Hamada, R. Boldrini and G. Petronilo leg.; INPA. Description Nymph LENGTH. Body, 3.3–3.5 mm. HEAD. Antenna. Scape and pedicel with spine-like setae; flagellum with minute spines on apex of each segment. Labrum (Fig. 4A). Rectangular, length about 0.6× maximum width; distal margin straight, one row of robust, distally bifid, eventually pectinated, setae from lateral to middle of distal margin; one row of thin bifid setae on distal margin not reaching distolateral margin; dorsal surface, near distal margin, with one row of thin setae, and many thin setae over surface (not illustrated). Left mandible (Fig. 4B). Incisors partially cleft in two sets (fused at basal third); outer and inner sets of incisors respectively with 4 + 3 denticles, outer incisor with spine-like process; prostheca robust and pectinated; margin between prostheca and mola straight; tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola present; subtriangular process wide; denticles of mola constricted; mola with one large denticle; outer margin convex. Right mandible (Fig. 4C). Incisors fused at base; outer and inner sets of incisors respectively with 3 + 3 denticles, outer incisor with spinelike process; prostheca stout, bifurcated at apex, inner lobe longer; margin between prostheca and mola almost straight; tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola present; denticles of mola not constricted; apex of mola with one simple setae; first process of mola rounded, second expanded and straight; outer margin convex. Maxilla (Fig. 4D–E). Maxillary palp 1.7× length of galea-lacinia; segment II 1.1× length of segment I; segment II inner margin straight, outer margin on apex straight, reduced apical lobe; ventral canine enlarged, not laterally expanded; set of distal setae of inner-ventral row rounded. Hypopharynx (Fig. 4F). Lingua longer than superlingua, sub-quadrangular without distomedial projection covered by tuft of simple setae; superlingua with rounded outer margin; short, thin, simple setae scattered over distal margin of lingua and superlingua. Labium (Fig. 4G–H). Glossa oval, slightly broad at base, distally rounded, shorter than paraglossa; inner margin without row of setae; ventral surface covered by thin setae; dorsal surface with inner arc close to inner margin, and outer arc not sinuous and close to outer margin; one small robust blunt seta on apex. Paraglossa curved inward; apex with one row of robust and long spine-like setae; outer margin without setae; dorsal surface with two longitudinal rows of setae, one near to inner margin, one near to outer margin, distally with long robust setae; ventral surface with one row of five setae near to ventral margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined; inner distal protuberance of segment II rounded, with almost straight distal margin, covered with thin setae; segment III robust, conical, and apically pointed; outer margin with short thin setae, dorsal surface with one row of short spine-like setae near inner margin, ventral surface with one row of setae. THORAX. Foreleg (Fig. 5A–C). Femur length about 2.6× maximum width; dorsal row of setae from distal half to apex; anterior surface with one medial row of long blunt setae, one row of short blunt setae near dorsal margin; posterior surface with one row of long spine-like setae near ventral margin from base to apex, and one medial row of long spine-like setae. Tibia. Dorsally bare; ventral margin with one row of long spine-like setae, patella-tibial suture present. Tarsus. Ventral margin with one row of spine-like setae. Tarsal claws 0.4× length of tarsus, with two rows of conical denticles not reaching apex. Hind leg (Fig. 5D–E). Femur anterior surface with one row of spine-like setae near dorsal margin reaching apex, one row of long spine-like setae near ventral margin reaching apex, one row of spine-like setae near middle; posterior surface with one row of spine-like setae near ventral margin from base to apical third. Tibia. Dorsally bare; ventral margin with one row of small blunt setae, patella-tibial suture present. Tarsus. Ventral margin with one row of small blunt setae. Tarsal claws 0.4× length of tarsus, with two rows of small conical denticles not reaching apex. ABDOMEN. Terga (Fig. 7) with all segments white (color lost in alcohol), terga I–IX with two small medial dots, sometimes dots absent; tergum I with one large dot on disto-lateral margin (rare); eventually tergum II, III and IX darker or with large brown pigmentation; terga III and VI with one large medial mark near distal margin; terga VI and VII with disto-lateral transversal brown mark (rare). Posterior margin of terga with elongated triangular spines (Fig. 6A). Gills oblong, longer than next segment, with one medial trachea pigmented. Paraproct (Fig. 6B) with nine to eleven marginal spines, posterolateral extension with spines (broken in holotype and illustrated). Cerci (Fig. 6C) with lateral spines on every segment. Paracercus (Fig. 6D) without spines. Comments The differences in deepness of the curvature of the distal lobe on the maxillary palp segment II is related to the slide artifact (Fig. 4E).Published as part of Cruz, Paulo Vilela, Boldrini, Rafael, De Lima, Cláudia R. T. & Hamada, Neusa, 2022, It is a mess! How many species are in Rivudiva trichobasis Lugo- Ortiz & McCafferty, 1998 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)?, pp. 153-191 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 (1) on pages 162-164, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1639, http://zenodo.org/record/596540
Ulmeritoides passorum Gama-Neto & Hamada 2014
No full textUlmeritoides passorum Gama-Neto & Hamada, 2014 Distribution: Brazil: State of Roraima. Material examined: Two male imago, BRAZIL, Roraima State, Caracaraí municipality, Serra da Mocidade National Park, 01°36.240"N / 061°54.370'W, 15–25.i. 2016, Boldrini, R., Barroso, P.C.S. and Xavier, F.F. col. (UFRR). Two male imago, BRAZIL, Roraima State, Caracaraí municipality, Serra da Mocidade, 01°42’21.3”N / 061°47’04.7”W, 03–04.ii. 2016, Nascimento, J.M.C. col. Pennsylvania trap.Published as part of Boldrini, R., 2017, Three new species of Miroculis from the Serra da Mocidade National Park, Roraima State, Brazil, with new records and checklist of the Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera), pp. 573-583 in Zootaxa 4317 (3) on pages 582-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/88483
Generalization of conformal Hamada operators
No full textThe six-derivative conformal scalar operator was originally found by Hamada
in its critical dimension of spacetime, . We generalize this construction
to arbitrary dimensions by adding new terms cubic in gravitational
curvatures and by changing its coefficients of expansion in various curvature
terms. The consequences of global scale-invariance and of infinitesimal local
conformal transformations are derived for the form of this generalized
operator. The system of linear equations for coefficients is solved giving
explicitly the conformal Hamada operator in any . Some singularities in
construction for dimensions and are noticed. We also prove a
general theorem that a scalar conformal operator with derivatives in
dimensions is impossible to construct. Finally, we compare our explicit
construction with the one that uses conformal covariant derivatives and
conformal curvature tensors. We present new results for operators built with
different orders of conformal covariant derivatives.Comment: 60 page
Apobaetis jaquelinae De Lima & Cruz & Hamada 2023, sp. nov.
No full textApobaetis jaquelinae sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 806D9CCD-9AB3-402E-9D58-FA64C2C1DEF4 Figs 1, 6–8 Apobaetis fiuzai – Boldrini & Cruz 2014: 4. Diagnosis NYMPH. Characterized by a combination of the following characters: 1) labrum rectangular, distal medial margin with one protuberance; dorsal surface with 3 elongated and blunt medial setae near distal margin (Fig. 7A–B); 2) hypopharynx with lingua subcircular, with apical tuft of setae, length subequal to superlingua (Fig. 7E); 3) maxillary palp long 1.7× length of galea-lacinia; segment II without apical constriction (Fig. 7F); 4) labial palp with segment II with triangular distomedial projection with rounded apex, laterally directed; segment III rectangular, distal margin concave (Fig. 7G); 5) foreleg with anterior surface of femur with one row of 8 to 9 short concave setae slightly pectinated on apex; apex with 2 short concave setae slightly pectinated on apex; claw 0.6–0.7 × length of tarsus, with two row of denticles restricted to middle portion (Fig. 8A–C); 6) posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular and pointed spines in regular sizes (Fig. 8D); 7) paraproct with several marginal spines, posterolateral extension with blunt spines (Fig. 8F). Etymology The species name is a tribute to Dr Jaqueline Góes, from the Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, who was part of the team that developed and improved the viral genome sequencing protocols for the rapid sequencing of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • nymph on slide; Rondônia, Teixeirópolis, Vale das Cachoeiras; 10º55′20.4″ S, 62º22′34.7″ W; 10 Jul. 2018; P. V. Cruz, N. Hamada and G. Desidério leg.; INPA. Paratypes BRAZIL • 2 nymphs on slide; same collection data as for holotype; INPA. Additional material BRAZIL – Rondonia • 1 nymph on slide; Colorado do Oeste, Rio Cabixi; 13º15′31.8″ S, 60º20′04.8″ W; 3 Sep. 2012; N. Hamada and R. Boldrini leg.; INPA • 1 nymph on slide; Nova Londrina, Rio Urupá; 11º02′05.8″ S, 62º08′34.1″ W; 9 Jul. 2018; P. V. Cruz, N. Hamada and G. Desidério leg.; INPA. Description Nymph LENGTH. Body: 2.5–2.8 mm. HEAD. Antenna: flagellum with minute spines on apex of each flagellomere. Labrum (Fig. 7A–B): length about 0.6× of maximum width; distal medial margin with one protuberance, distolateral margin rounded; dorsal surface with 3 elongated and blunt medial setae near distal margin; medially with one row of long and thin setae near distal margin; long, thin and simple setae covering dorsal surface; ventral surface with one row of spine-like setae on distolateral and distal margins. Left mandible (Fig. 7C): incisors not fused; outer and inner set of incisors with 4 and 3 denticles, respectively; prostheca robust, bifurcated at apex, outer lobe robust, inner lobe slender with medial tuft of setae; margin between prostheca and mola concave; subtriangular process wide with short protuberance on distal margin; tuft of setae at base of subtriangular process; denticles of mola not constricted; lateral margin convex. Right mandible ( Fig. 7D): incisors not fused; outer and inner set of incisors each with 3 denticles; prostheca slender, bifurcated at apex, tuft medial of minute setae; margin between prostheca and mola concave; tuft of setae at base of mola absent; denticles of mola not constricted; lateral margin convex. Hypopharynx (Fig. 7E): lingua subcircular, apex covered with short setae, subequal to superlingua; superlingua not expanded, with short, thin, simple setae over distolateral and distal margin. Maxilla (Fig. 7F): maxillary palp long, 1.7× length of galea-lacinia; segment I 0.6× length of galea-lacinia; segment II tapering slightly from base to apex, with thin and simple setae scattered on surface, without apical constriction; medial margin of galea-lacinia with 2 to 3 spine-like setae. Labium (Fig. 7G): glossa subcircular, robust, narrowing apically, subequal to paraglossa; dorsal surface with one longitudinal row of 4 short spine-like setae near inner margin; 2 short spine-like setae near internal margin, thin and simple setae and one robust spine-like setae on apex; longitudinal row of 9 robust spine-like setae on apical ⅔ near outer margin; ventral surface covered with long, thin and simple setae. Paraglossa curved inward; dorsal surface with long and robust spine-like setae on apex; longitudinal row of 15 long spine-like setae on apical ⅔ near outer margin and one longitudinal row of 5 long and robust spine-like setae on apical ⅔ near inner margin; ventral surface with one longitudinal row of 5 robust and long spine-like setae on apical ⅔. Labial palp with segment I 0.7 × length of segments II and III combined, covered with micropores (not illustrated); segment II with outer margin covered with thin, long and simple setae, inner margin bare; segment II with triangular distomedial projection, with rounded apex, laterally directed; ventral surface of distomedial projection with thin, long and simple tuft of setae; segment III rectangular, with concave distal margin, length 0.6× width, covered with thin, long and simple setae on outer margin, dorsally with one row of 11 to 13 spine-like setae in different sizes near distal margin, ventrally with 8 to 10 spine-like setae in different sizes near distal margin. THORAX. Holotype pigment (Fig. 6A–B): light yellow, with brown marks; forewing pads with basal brown mark. Paratype pigment, nymph female (Fig. 6C): light yellow, with lateral brown mark. Foreleg (Fig. 8A–C). Femur: anterior surface with one row with 8 to 9 short concave setae slightly pectinated on apex near dorsal margin; apex of femur with 2 short concave setae slightly pectinated on apex; ventral margin with one row of 10 to 12 spine-like setae of different sizes. Tibia: dorsal margin bare; ventral margin with one row of 10 to 11 spine-like setae. Patella-tibial suture present, from dorsal margin to ventral margin. Tarsus: dorsal margin bare; ventral margin with one row of 11 to 12 spine-like setae. Claw: 0.6–0.7× length of tarsus, with two rows of denticles restricted to middle portion. Middle and hindleg similar to foreleg. ABDOMEN. Holotype pigment, nymph male (Fig. 6A–B): tergum V with lateral brown mark; posterior margin of tergum V with medial brown mark and sublateral brown spots; tergum VI with central brown mark; anterior margin of tergum VII with medial brown mark and short spots; terga VIII and IX with lateral brown mark and short spots; sterna II–VII with anterolateral brown mark and with lateral brown mark; sternum VIII brown; sternum IX with anterior margin brown mark. Paratype pigment. Nymph female (Fig. 6C). Tergum II with medial brown mark; terga III and V with lateral brown mark; terga II– IV covered by reddish brown pigmentation. Tergum IV (Fig. 8D): surface covered by triangular scale-like projections and micropores; posterior margin with triangular and pointed spines, in regular sizes. Gill (Fig. 8E): triangular apex, trachea conspicuous; long length, extending to half of third subsequent tergum. Paraproct (Fig. 8F) with several marginal spines. Posterolateral extension with blunt spines. Cerci (Fig. 8G) with spines in all segments. Paracercus (Fig. 8H) with prominent spines in all segments.Published as part of De Lima, Cláudia R. T., Cruz, Paulo Vilela & Hamada, Neusa, 2023, Additions and corrections to taxonomy of Apobaetis fiuzai Salles & Lugo-Ortiz, 2002 and Apobaetis kallawaya Nieto, 2006 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), pp. 136-161 in European Journal of Taxonomy 879 (1) on pages 149-153, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.879.2167, http://zenodo.org/record/815539
Generalization of conformal Hamada operators
No full textThe six-derivative conformal scalar operator was originally found by Hamada in its critical dimension of spacetime, . We generalize this construction to arbitrary dimensions d by adding new terms cubic in gravitational curvatures and by changing its coefficients of expansion in various curvature terms. The consequences of global scale-invariance and of infinitesimal local conformal transformations are derived for the form of this generalized operator. The system of linear equations for coefficients is solved giving explicitly the conformal Hamada operator in any d. Some singularities in construction for dimensions and are noticed. We also prove a general theorem that a scalar conformal operator with n derivatives in dimensions is impossible to construct. Finally, we compare our explicit construction with the one that uses conformal covariant derivatives and conformal curvature tensors. We present new results for operators built with different orders of conformal covariant derivatives
Paracloeodes prismatobranchus Cruz & Salles & Hamada 2018, sp. n.
No full text<i>Paracloeodes prismatobranchus</i> sp. n. <p>(Figures 25–28)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. <b>Male imago.</b> 1) stigmatic area of forewing opaque (Fig. 25C); 2) hind wing present (Fig. 25D); 3) abdominal terga II–VI light brown, segments VIII–X brown (Fig. 25B); 4) posterior margin of styliger plate concave with rounded spine medially (Fig. 25E).</p> <p> <b>Mature Nymph</b>. 1) frons elevated forming keel (Figs 26C and 26D); 2) distolateral margin of labrum with bifid and pectinate setae (Fig. 27B); 3) right mandible incisors partially fused (Fig. 27C); 4) distomedial projection of labial palp 1.6× width of segment III (Fig. 27G); 5) hind wing pads present; 6) anterior surface of forefemur with one row of pectinate and stout setae near dorsal margin, and one row of pectinate and stout setae near ventral margin (Fig. 28C); 7) anterior surface of foretibia with one row of stout setae near dorsal margin, and two rows of pectinate and stout setae near ventral margin (Fig. 28C); 8) anterior and posterior surface of foretarsus with pectinate and stout setae (Fig. 28C); 9) ventral margin of foretarsus with one row of pectinate and stout setae (Fig. 28C); 10) cercus with long spines every two segments (Fig. 28D); 11) paracercus with spines on all segments (Fig. 28E); 12) body color pattern as in figures 26A and 26B.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. <b>Male imago.</b> Body 4.0 mm; forewing 4.36 mm; hind wing 0.80 mm (n=1). <b>Head</b> brown. Turbinate portion of compound eyes orange. Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes oval (Fig. 25B); length 1.8× width; stalk height 1.4× height of dorsal portion; inner margins divergent anteriorly. <b>Thorax</b> brown. Anteronotal and metascutellar protuberance rounded. Legs light brown. Forewing (Fig. 25C) hyaline; veins light brown; stigmatic area with five cross veins reaching subcostal vein and two veins not reaching subcostal vein; marginal intercalary veins paired between C and IMP2, single between IMP2 and ICA1, absent between ICA1 and A; length of each intercalary vein 0.7× distance between adjacent longitudinal veins; length of forewing about 2.5× width. Hind wing (Fig. 25D) hyaline; costal process quadrangular, posteriorly projected, located on basal third. <b>Abdomen</b> with segments II–VI light brown, segments VIII–X brown (Figs 25A and 25B). Genitalia (Fig. 25E) with forceps segment I cylindrical; 0.3× length of segment II; distance between base of forceps 0.5× distance between lateral margins of forceps. Forceps segment II narrow basally. Posterior margin of styliger plate concave with rounded spine medially.</p> <p> <b>Mature Nymph.</b> Length of body: 4.0–5.0 mm; cercus: 2.61 mm; paracercus: 2.55 mm; antennae: 2.69 mm (n=1). <b>Head</b> brown. Antenna light brown. Turbinate portion of male compound eyes light brown. Frons elevated forming one keel (Figs 26C and 26D). Antenna with scape and pedicel subcylindrical; flagellum (Fig. 27A) with blunt spines and thin setae. Labrum (Fig. 27B) rectangular, broader than long; length about 0.7× maximum width; distal margin with shallow medial emargination; dorsally with thin setae scattered over surface; subapical pair of setae distinguishable from others; near anterolateral margin with two long setae distinguishable from others; ventrally with submarginal row of setae composed of bifid and pectinate setae; ventral surface with short and stout setae near lateral and distolateral margins. Right mandible (Fig. 27C) with incisors partially fused. Inner and outer set of incisors respectively with 2 + 4 denticles. Prostheca slender, bifurcated at middle, inner lobe longer than outer, both pectinate. Margin between prostheca and mola concave; tuft of stout setae at base of mola present; tuft of setae at apex of mola present. Lateral margins almost straight. Left mandible (Fig. 27D) with incisors partially fused. Inner and outer set of incisors respectively with 3 + 5 denticles. Prostheca robust, apex with three to five digitiform projections. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex; tuft of stout setae at base of mola present; subtriangular process narrow; denticles of mola apically constricted; tuft of setae at apex of mola absent. Lateral margins almost straight. Hypopharynx (Fig. 27F) with lingua shorter than superlingua; distal margin convex; medial tuft of setae present. Superlingua rounded, lateral margin straight and with thin setae scattered over distal margin; distolateral margin with short spines. Maxilla (Fig. 27E), medially, with 1 stout setae. Maxillary palp 1.5× length of galea-lacinia; setae on maxillary palp thin; palp segment II 1.3× length of segment I. Labium (Fig. 27G) with glossa subequal in length to paraglossa, slightly narrowing toward apex; inner margin ventrally bare, inner margin dorsally with nine stout setae; apex dorsally with four robust setae; outer margin ventrally bare, outer margin dorsally with eight stout setae; dorsal surface bare; ventral surface scattered with short and thin setae. Paraglossa, subtriangular; outer margin ventrally bare, dorsally with one row of long and stout setae; dorsal surface with two longitudinal rows of setae, one near outer and other near inner margins; ventral surface with one row of five stout setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.9× length of segments II and III combined; segment I with thin setae. Segment II with small distomedial protuberance 1.6× width of base of segment III; inner margin with few short and thin setae; outer margin covered with short and thin setae. Segment III inner margin with one row of stout setae ventrally and dorsally, length 1.0× width, covered with short and thin setae. <b>Thorax</b> light brown, with brown marks. Hind wing pads present. Foreleg (Fig. 28C) whitish, with brown marks distally on femur, tibia and tarsus; ratio 1.3:(0.56mm):0.6:0.2. Forefemur with length about 3.6× maximum width; dorsal margin with row of blunt setae (in lateral view they look like stout setae); ventral margin with few short and thin setae; anterior surface with one row of pectinate and stout setae near dorsal margin, and one row of pectinate and stout setae near ventral margin. Ventral margin of tibia with one row of stout setae; anterior surface with one row of stout setae near dorsal margin, and two rows of small pectinate and stout setae near ventral margin; posterior surface with robust and pectinate and stout setae. Dorsal margin of tarsus with scarce short and thin setae; ventral margin with one row of pectinate and stout setae; posterior surface with one row pectinate and stout setae; anterior surface with irregular pectinate and stout setae. <b>Abdominal</b> segments II, III, V and IX (Fig. 26A) with brown marks laterally, segments VI–VIII with same marks but lighter; medioanterior and medioposterior sigilla brown. Posterior margin of terga with regular spines (Fig.28A). Gills (Fig. 28B) hyaline; margin with spines intercalating short and thin setae. Tracheae restricted to base of main trunk. Gill I subequal in length to segment II; lanceolate. Gill IV as long as length of segment V to half VI combined; oblong, apically pointed. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII to IX; oblong, apically rounded. Paraproct (Fig. 28F) with 17–20 marginal spines; postero-lateral extension with marginal spines. Paracercus with short spines on each segment (Fig. 28E). Cercus with long spines on every two segments (Fig. 28D).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The name is an arbitrary combination of two Greek words, <i>prismato</i> (something sawed) and <i>branchus</i> (gill), an allusion to the strongly serrated shape of the gill margins.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> The male imago of <i>P. prismatobranchus</i> <b>sp. n.</b> is unique within the genus, in that it has the posterior margin of the styliger plate concave, with a rounded spine medially.</p> <p> The nymph of <i>P. prismatobranchus</i> <b>sp. n.</b> possesses: gills with borders that are strongly serrated (which seems to be the costal and anal ribs fused); a distomedial projection of labial palp that is 1.6× width of segment III; incisors of both mandibles partially fused; the surface of femur, tibia and tarsi with rows of pectinate and stout setae; cercus with long spines every two segments; paracercus with spines on all segments; and a peculiar abdominal color pattern. This peculiar combination of characteristics makes <i>P. prismatobranchus</i> <b>sp. n.</b> unique. Moreover, the wide distribution of the species also is unique, having been collected from all Brazilian regions and three different biomes (Amazon, Atlantic Forest and <i>Cerrado</i>).</p> <p> <b>Material Examined.</b> Holotype: One nymph, BRAZIL, Santa Catarina state, Campos Novos, Rio Leão, 03.x.2011, 27°10’54.0”S / 51° 19’ 21.4”W, 741m alt., P.V. Cruz and R. Boldrini cols., INPA. Paratypes: Six nymphs, same data as holotype. Additional material: One nymph, BRAZIL, Santa Catarina state, Paraiso (São Miguel do Oeste), River Peperiguaçu, border with Argentina, 26°36’49.9”S / 53°43’53.8”W, 367m alt., 15.ix.2011, A.O. Pes, P.V. Cruz, R. Boldrini and N. Hamada cols., INPA. One nymph, BRAZIL, Paraná state, Rio Ivaí (bridge Olaria); 24°31’55.9” S / 52°27’02.8” W, 449 m alt., 12.ix.2011, A.O. Pes, P.V. Cruz, R. Boldrini and N. Hamada cols., INPA. One nymph, BRAZIL, Paraná state, Marquinhos, River Cobre, 25°08’25.6”S / 52°17’20.6”W, 595 m alt., 13.ix.2011, A. O. Pes, P.V. Cruz, R. Boldrini and N. Hamada cols., INPA. Four nymphs and two male imagoes reared, BRAZIL, Minas Gerais state, BR 267, from Caxambu to Juiz de Fora, bridge under river Furnas, 21°55’56.9” S / 44° 50’25.6” W, 26.x.2011, P.V. Cruz and M. R. De-Souza cols., INPA. One nymph, BRAZIL, Maranhão state, BR 0 10, river Farinha, 06°31’47.3”S / 47°28’11.4”W, 22.vii.2010, P. V. Cruz, R. Boldrini and N. Hamada cols., INPA. Thirty nymphs and ten male imago reared, BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro state, Nova Friburgo, triburaty of river Cascatinha, opposite to small resort Ananais (brigde on road), 22°20’38.2”S / 42°33’26.2”W, 22.x.2011, P. V. Cruz and M. R. De-Souza cols., INPA. Eight nymphs, BRAZIL, Roraima state, Caroebe, ramal 37, river Caroebe, Cachoeirinha farm, 00°57’09.2”N / 59°37’00.5”W, 23.iii.2012, N. Hamada, P. V. Cruz, G. Dantas and R. Boldrini cols., INPA. One nymph, BRAZIL, Ceará state, Morajaú, Riacho dos Porcos, 03°23’21.3”S / 40°41’01.7”W, 05.vi.2011, P. V. Cruz and N. Hamada cols., INPA. Two nymphs, BRAZIL, Piauí state, border Cocal /PI and Padre Vieira /CE, river Piranji (Cachoeira Pirapora), 03°33’31.8”S / 041°21’56.9”W, 02.vi.2011, P. V. Cruz and N. Hamada cols., INPA. Three nymphs, BRAZIL, Espiríto Santo state, Sooretemana national park, river Barra seca, 18°57’50.4”S / 40°07’36.2”W, 05.xi.2011, P. V. Cruz col., INPA. Two nymphs, BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Bodoquena, Fazenda Califónia/ Fazenda Ouro Verde, 15 minutes walking to waterfall, 20°42’18.1”S / 56°51’14.6”W, 18.iii.2012, P. V. Cruz and N. Hamada cols., INPA. Two nymphs, BRAZIL, border between Goiás and Bahia states, Correntina, Comunidade do Val. Rio do Meio, 13°13’35.2”S / 44°35’37.3”W, 07.vi.2012, P. V. Cruz and N. Hamada cols., INPA.</p>Published as part of <i>Cruz, Paulo Vilela, Salles, Frederico Falcão & Hamada, Neusa, 2018, Contribution to the taxonomy of Paracloeode s Day 1955 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from South America, pp. 1-49 in Zootaxa 4403 (1)</i> on pages 39-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4403.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1211917">http://zenodo.org/record/1211917</a>
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) dumasi Santana & Desiderio & Hamada 2021, sp. nov.
No full textSmicridea (Rhyacophylax) dumasi sp. nov. Santana, Desiderio & Hamada Figs 3–5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F05B195A-0747-43F7-809C-ABE93B82518F Diagnosis. Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) dumasi sp. nov. is similar to S. (Rhyacophylax) fogasa Oláh & Johanson 2012 (Ecuador), S. (Rhyacophylax) kampoka Oláh & Johanson 2012 (Peru), S. (Rhyacophylax) nemorosa Holzenthal & Blahnik 1995 (Costa Rica), and S. (Rhyacophylax) salta Flint 1974 (Mexico) based on the presence of a midlateral process on the ventrolateral margin of tergum X. However, in this region of the tergum, S. (R.) dumasi sp. nov. also has one small pointed, process subapically, which is absent in those species mentioned above. The new species has 11 medium-sized, ventral spines and three lateroventral spines on the middle and apex of the phallic apparatus, respectively, whereas S. (R.) fogasa, S. (R.) kampoka, S. (R.) nemorosa, and S. (R.) salta have processes or lobes in various other forms, number, and positions on the apex of the phallic apparatus.Additionally, S. (R.) dumasi sp. nov. can be recognized by six long, stout spines on the dorsal periphallic cap of the phallic apparatus. Description. Adult male. Length of each forewing 7.56–8.40 mm (mean = 7.92 mm, SD = ±0.22, n = 5). General color pale brown (in alcohol) (Fig. 4A). Antennae pale brown (Fig. 4A). Head pale brown, with pale setae on dorsum (Fig. 4C); dorsally with well-pronounced coronal suture; with five setal warts; anteromesal wart small, rounded; anterolateral pair partially divided, weakly delimited; posterolateral pair large, ovoid (Fig. 4C). Eye width, in dorsal view, 1/2 that of interocular distance (Fig. 4C). Maxillary palp with segment 3 about 2X longer than segments 1 or 2 and about same length as segment 4, segment 5 about 1.2X longer than all previous segments combined (Fig. 4B). Thorax pale brown, covered with brown setae (Fig. 4A); legs pale brown, with tarsi of the fore- and midlegs yellowish (Fig. 4A). Wing venation typical for subgenus (Figs 4D, 4E). Forewings, in alcohol, pale yellow, with large, brown, transverse band subapically arising on R2+3 and reaching apex of Cu1a+b, and brown spots on crossveins and another along bases of C and Sc (Fig. 4D). Sternum V with pair of anterolateral glandular processes slightly shorter than sternum. Abdominal segments VI and VII without internal glands (Fig. 4F). Male genitalia. Segment IX in lateral view with anterolateral margin nearly straight, weakly sclerotized (Fig. 5A); posterodorsal margin strongly produced, rounded, bearing small spicules (Figs 5A, 5B). Tergum X elongate; in lateral view, ventrolateral margin strongly sclerotized; in dorsal view, asymmetrical, with one medium-sized, pointed, midlateral process, curved mesad on insect’s right side, two on left side: larger process with apex bifid and curved mesad, smaller process halfway between larger process and tergum apex; apex of tergum produced and slightly upturned (Fig. 5A); lateral margins slightly sinuous beyond midlateral processes; dorsomesal setose area bearing six to seven medium-sized pairs of fine setae; divided apicomesally by V-shaped incision about 1/2 its length; apices of tergum obliquely truncate, each with about five short, fine setae (Fig. 5B). Inferior appendages each 2-segmented; basal segment long, slightly inflated distally, covered with medium-sized to long, thin setae, with three long, stout apical spine-like setae on internal margin; apical segment about 1/3 as long as basal segment, thick, covered with medium-sized, fine setae, curved mesad, apex rounded (Figs 5A, 5B). Phallic apparatus long and tubular; basal section, in lateral view, enlarged, 3X diameter of phallotheca at its narrowest portion, forming angle of about 83° with apical section; median section of phallotheca slightly curved ventrad with 8 to 11 mediumsized, ventral spines, and with dorsal periphallic cap sclerotized and bearing six long, stout spines (Fig. 5C); apex, in dorsal view, not enlarged (Fig. 5D); in lateral view, with three medium-sized, lateroventral spines, directed posterad (Fig. 5C); endothecal membranes, in dorsal view, without spines; phallotremal sclerite, in dorsal view, distinct, strongly sclerotized, divided into two slender, paired lobes with obliquely truncated apices (Fig. 5D); in lateral view, slender, upturned apically (Fig. 5C). Ejaculatory duct of endophallus, in lateral view, distinct, slightly sclerotized. When endothecal membranes everted, distinctly reticulated, wrapping around phallotremal sclerite, fully extended and shown in Figs 5E, 5F. Female and immature stages. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype male. BRAZIL: São Paulo: Salesópolis, Estaç „o Biológica de Boracéia, Casa Grande, Pedreira, 15.xi.1974; C.G. Froehlich leg., (MZUSP). Paratypes: same data as holotype, 4 males (MZUSP). Paraná: Guarapeçaba, RPPN Salto Morato, Rio Morato, near the dormitory, 25°10’58.3”S, 48°17’57.2”W, 8 m a.s.l., 4 males, 25.i.2011, L.L. Dumas & J.L. Nessimian legs., (DZRJ); same data, except 4 males (INPA-TRI 000105), 4 males (DZUP). Distribution. BRAZIL (Atlantic Forest: Paraná and S„o Paulo states) (Fig. 3). Etymology. This new species is named in honor of Dr. Leandro Lourenço Dumas (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Brazil) in recognition of his contributions to the study of Brazilian caddisflies.Published as part of Santana, Vitória, Desiderio, Gleison Robson & Hamada, Neusa, 2021, Two new species of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) Müller 1879 (Trichoptera Hydropsychidae) from Atlantic Forest, Brazil, pp. 115-126 in Zootaxa 4941 (1) on pages 120-124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4941.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/459481
Ordem Hymenoptera (hymen = membrana; pteron = asa).
No full textInsetos de tamanho variado (0,1 mm a 70 mm). Cabeça bem desenvolvida, olhos compostos geralmente bem visíveis; às vezes, atrofiados ou rudimentares. Antenas especializadas com escapo, pedicelo e flagelo, com forma e número variável de segmentos (variando de 3 a 90 ou mais). Mesotórax mais desenvolvido do que pro e metatórax. Asas membranosas hialinas ou coloridas; anteriores maiores que as posteriores; hámulos presentes. Abdômen séssil, pedunculado ou livre com seis a nove segmentos; propódeo presente. Holometábolos; larvas eruciformes ou vermiformes...Autoria: QUERINO [i.e. SILVA], R. B. Q. da. RANYSE BARBOSA QUERINO DA SILVA. Disponível via Word Wide Web http://pt.scribd.com/doc/220148227/Livro-Insetos-Aquaticos-COMPLET
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