17 research outputs found
Mechanoreceptors of the ligaments and tendons around the knee
No full textWOS: 000380947700016PubMed ID: 27376635Proprioceptive inputs from the joints and limbs arise from mechanoreceptors in the muscles, ligaments and tendons. The knee joint has a wide range of movements, and proper neuroanatomical organization is critical for knee stability. Four ligaments (the anterior (ACL) and posterior (PCL) cruciate ligaments and the medial (MCL) and lateral (LCL) collateral ligaments) and four tendons (the semitendinosus (STT), gracilis (GT), popliteal (PoT), and patellar (PaT) tendons) from eight fresh frozen cadavers were harvested. Each harvested tissue was divided into its bone insertion side and its tendinous part for immunohistochemical examination using S100 staining. Freeman-Wyke's classification was used to identify the mechanoreceptors. The mechanoreceptors were usually located close to the bone insertion. Free nerve endings followed by Ruffini endings were the most common mechanoreceptors overall. No Pacini corpuscles were observed; free nerve endings and Golgi-like endings were most frequent in the PCL (PCL-PaT: P=0.0.1, PCL-STT: P=0.00), and Ruffini endings in the popliteal tendon (PoT-PaT: P=0.00, Pot-STT: P=0.00, PoT-LCL: P=0.00, PoT-GT: P=0.00, PoT-ACL: P=0.09). The cruciate ligaments had more mechanoreceptors than the medial structures (MS) or the patellar tendon (CR-Pat: P=0.000, CR-MS: P=0.01). The differences in mechanoreceptor distributions between the ligaments and tendons could reflect the different roles of these structures in the dynamic coordination of knee motion. Clin. Anat. 29:789-795, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Greater presence of receptors for relaxin in the ligamentum teres of female infants who undergo open reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip
No full textBackground: While many factors involved in the etiology of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), one of which is the hormone relaxin. Relaxin concentrations in patients with DDH may lead to pathodynamic changes during hip development by altering the physiological nature of the ligament, as well as by long-term exposure to relaxin during pregnancy. Our objective in this study was to determine the number of relaxin receptors in the ligamentum teres and their role in causing DDH. Methods: We identified 26 infants between birth and 3 years of age who had undergone open reduction for DDH between 2010 and 2012. 12 hips of 12 miss abortus fetus between 20 to 35 weeks of gestation were used as control group. Specimens obtained from two groups were stained with Relaxin-2 antibody, and the amount of staining for relaxin receptors was determined using an ordinal H score. Results: The mean (SD) H scores of infants with DDH were significantly higher than those of controls: 215 (59) versus 52 (48); P = 0.00; 95% CI. Statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender was not found. Conclusion: As a result, increased number of relaxin receptors in the ligamentum teres could be a risk factor for DDH
Lower numbers of mechanoreceptors in the posterior cruciate ligament and anterior capsule of the osteoarthritic knees
No full textWOS: 000411176000022PubMed ID: 27338958Impaired proprioception accuracy of the knee has been proposed as a local factor in the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Patients with decreased numbers of mechanoreceptors could be more likely to develop arthrosis due to a loss in proprioception of the joint. We aimed to identify and quantify the mechanoreceptors of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), the anterior capsule (AC) and the medial meniscocapsular junction (MCJ) in knee arthrosis. PCLs, ACs and MCJs were harvested from 30 patients with Kellgren and Lawrence grades 3 and 4 osteoarthritis (OA), and ten knees taken from five cadavers without OA were used as a control group. PCL degeneration was evaluated with haematoxylin & eosin, and the types and numbers of mechanoreceptors were evaluated using S100 immunostaining. The patient ages in the OA and control groups (n.s.) did not differ. PCL degeneration was more severe in the gonarthrosis group than in the control group (p = 0.04). The numbers of Golgi corpuscles, Ruffini corpuscles, free nerve endings, total nerve endings and small vessels of the PCL were low in the OA group, as were the numbers of Golgi corpuscles, free nerve endings and total nerve endings of the AC. No significant correlation was found regarding the mechanoreceptors of the MCJ between the two groups. The numbers of mechanoreceptors in patients with OA were low in the PCLs and ACs. A loss in proprioception could be a local risk factor in OA. The proprioceptive impact of preserving PCL while performing total knee arthroplasty may not be exaggerated as its thought. Prognostic study, Level I
The effect of diclofenac on matrix metalloproteinase levels in the rotator cuff
No full textIntroduction Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in physiological events such as restructuring of the tissue, morphogenesis, wound healing and normal developmental process. Use of diclofenac sodium following rotator cuff repair can disrupt healing of tendon through acting on MMPs
Analysis of Movement-Based Connectivity Restoration Problem in Wireless Ad-Hoc and Sensor Networks
No full textTopology control, consisting of construction and maintenance phases, is a crucial conception for wireless ad-hoc networks of any type, expressly the wireless sensor networks. Topology maintenance, the latter phase, concerns several problems, such as optimizing the energy consumption, increasing the data rate, making clusters, and sustaining the connectivity. A disconnected network, among other strategies, can efficiently be connected again using a Movement-based Connectivity Restoration (MCR) method, where a commensurate number of nodes move (or are moved) to the desired positions. However, finding an optimal route for the nodes to be moved can be a formidable problem. As a matter of fact, this paper presents details regarding a direct proof of the NP-Completeness of the MCR Problem by a reduction from the well-studied Steiner Tree Problem with the Minimum number of Steiner Points and Bounded Edge Length. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Medical-grade radiation response of Ti-based High entropy alloys for orthopedic implant applications
No full textMedical-grade radiation response of three Ti-based high entropy alloys (HEAs), which are considered new alternatives to conventional orthopedic implant materials, namely the HfNbTaTi, HfNbTaTiZr, and HfMoTaTiZr alloys, was studied in a medical linear accelerator. The results indicate that all three HEAs, and in particular the HfMoTaTiZr alloy, cause higher shadowing effect as compared to conventional alloys, underscoring the need for further elaboration on all aspects of biocompatibility of Ti-based HEAs prior to their utility as orthopedic implant materials
An examination of the effects of adaptive selling behavior and customer orientation on performance of pharmaceutical salespeople in an emerging market
No full textThe effects of salespeople's customer orientation and adaptive selling behavior on their performance have been frequently studied in the marketing literature. However, most of the studies were conducted in the developed world. Given the role that different cultural environments may play, the assumed relationships among the constructs need to be studied in different cultural contexts to explain performance. The objective of this study is to examine pharmaceutical salespersons' customer orientation and adaptive selling behavior on their performance in a different cultural environment. Using personal interviews, data were collected from Turkish pharmaceutical salespeople to examine the hypothesized relationships. Results indicate that customer orientation was significant in respect to sales performance, satisfaction, and adaptive selling behavior. Furthermore, adaptive selling behavior was significantly related to sales performance and customer orientation but not to satisfaction. © The Author(s) 2013
Fluoroscopy improves femoral stem placement in cementless total hip arthroplasty
No full textFluoroscopy is routinely used in trauma cases to evaluate alignment and reduction quality. Because conventional templating has a high mismatch rate, we sought to explore whether we could use intraoperative fluoroscopy while implanting the femoral stem. Sixty patients with Croft 3-4 coxarthrosis were included in this study. No preoperative templating was performed in either of the two groups. The final conformations of the stem sizes and positions were achieved freehand intraoperatively using anatomic landmarks. In the second group, after surgeons intraoperatively agreed on the final stem size, C-arm fluoroscopy images are obtained with the last rasp size before the stem implantation. The alignment of femoral stem according to the femoral canal, the lower leg discrepancy (LLD) and the lateral offsets were evaluated with X ray. The stem/endosteal areas at 2 cm above the trochanter minor (T+2) and 2 cm below the trochanter minor (T-2) and the deviation of the stem tip from the center of the femoral canal were evaluated in CT images. The stems that were implanted under fluoroscopic control filled the medullary cavity better at both the T+2 and T-2 levels. On fluoroscopy, in the control group, the malpositioning of the femoral stems were less, the centralizations were better, and the restorations of the lateral offset and LLD were more accurate. The use of fluoroscopy while rasping the femoral canal leads to proper alignment and press fitting of the stem and provides the opportunity to intraoperatively correct malpositionings of the stem. [Med-Science 2017; 6(2.000): 264-9
Association between vitamin D concentrations and knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis
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Objectives
Osteoarthritis (OA) and vitamin D deficiency are common health conditions in older people. Whether vitamin D concentration is associated with knee OA is controversial. In this study, we aimed to determine the association between serum concentrations of vitamin D and osteoarthritic knee pain.
Subjects and Methods
Vitamin D concentrations were measured with the 25 hydroxyvitamin D test in patients presenting with clinical symptoms of primary knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis was graded on the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale from anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. Height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Patients completed a 10-cm visual analogue scale (VAS) for indicating pain and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). Vitamin D concentration was defined as severely deficient (<10 ng/mL), insufficient (10 to 19 ng/mL), or normal (20 to 50 ng/mL).
Results
Of 149 patients (133 women), the mean age was 63.6 years. Mean vitamin D concentration was 11.53 ng/mL, and 90% patients were vitamin D deficient. Mean WOMAC score was 57.2, and VAS pain score was 7.5. Kellgren-Lawrence grade was 2 for 10 patients, grade 3 for 61, and grade 4 for 88. Mean BMI was 33.4. Mean values of VAS, WOMAC, and BMI did not differ by vitamin D status.
Conclusion
Serum vitamin D concentration is not associated with knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis.
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Predictive value of different radiographic parameters evaluating the proximal femoral geometry for hip fracture in the elderly: what is the role of the true moment arm?
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