17 research outputs found
ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT OF PROPOFOL ON SOMATIC AND VISCERAL PAIN IN SUBHYPNOTIC DOSES
No full textIn this study we examined the effect of propofol on somatic and visceral pain in mice. A thermal method (tail immersion) and a chemical method (acetic-acid-induced writhing) were used to determine the antinociceptive effect of propofol. First we determined the dose-response relationships of propofol with a preliminary study. Then propofol was administered according to the results of the preliminary experiment. We used the subhypnotic and nonsedative doses of propofol in the experiments. This dose was lower than 10 mg/kg for mice according to our findings, and ED50 sedation for propofol was 33 mg/kg. Propofol retarded tail withdrawal latencies and decreased writhing numbers of mice in a dose-dependent manner in dosages of 10 and 5 mg/kg (P 0.05). These results suggest that propofol has an antinociceptive effect on visceral as well as on somatic pain when given in subhypnotic doses
Early recovery properties of sevoflurane and desflurane in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery
No full textBackground. The pharmacokinetic properties of sevoflurane and desflurane differ from those of other volatile anesthetics. For example, both agents allow more rapid emergence than traditional volatile anesthetics. However, few direct comparisons of the 2 agents have been made
The direct depressant effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on spontaneous contractions of isolated gravid rat myometrium
No full textOur purpose was to investigate the direct depressant effects of desflurane and sevoflurane at 0.5, 1 and 2 minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) on spontaneous contractions of isolated gravid rat myometrium. Ten gravid, albino Wistar rats, weighing 240-310 g and at 19-20 days' gestation were used. Sixty myometrial strips were obtained from 10 rats, and randomly assigned into six groups of 10. After obtaining spontaneous myometrial contractions in de Jalon solution for 45 min, 0.5, 1 or 2 MAC of desflurane or sevoflurane were continuously bubbled in the bath for 15 min and myometrial contractions evaluated during the last 10 min. Desflurane 0.5 MAC did not affect duration or amplitude of spontaneous contractions, but frequency was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Duration, amplitude and frequency were all significantly decreased by desflurane I and 2 MAC (P < 0.05). Sevoflurane did not affect duration, amplitude or frequency at 0.5 MAC, but amplitude and frequency were significantly decreased at I MAC and all were significantly decreased at 2 MAC (P < 0.05). The frequency of contractions was decreased 21.2% with 1 MAC desflurane versus 17.1% with I MAC sevoflurane. The amplitude and frequency of contractions were decreased 48.2% and 48.7% with 2 MAC desflurane versus 58.9% and 49.3% with 2 MAC sevoflurane, respectively. We suggest that due to tocolytic activity, desflurane and sevoflurane can be useful in non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
Efficacy of different doses of lidocaine in the prevention of pain due to propofol injection: A randomized, open-label trial in 120 patients
No full textBackground. The incidence of pain due to propofol injection is high, but the most efficacious method of preventing this pain has not been identified
Sedation for outpatient endometrial biopsy: Comparison of remifentanil-propofol and Alfentanil-propofol
No full textThe purpose of the study was to compare the clinical activity of remifentanil or alfentanil. under propofol sedation with regard to respiratory rate, sedation and recovery rate when used for outpatient endometrial. biopsy. Patients were randomized to receive intravenously either bolus remifentanil 0.4 mug/kg and propofol 1 mg/kg in the remifentanil group (n = 30), or bolus alfentanil 20 mug/kg and propofol 1 mg/kg in the alfentanil group (n = 30). Patients were monitored for heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, peripheral O-2 saturation (SpO(2)), respiration rate, and Aldrete sedation score. Pulse oximetry was used to monitor heart rate and SpO(2) during endometrial biopsy. Apnoea was observed in five patients from the remifentanil group, and in three patients from the alfentanil group. The groups did not differ with regard to apnoea incidences. Times were recorded for orientation and Aldrete score > 8, and were similar between the two groups (13.20 +/- 3.64 min and 14.0 +/- 3.87 min in the remifentanil. group, 14.7 +/- 3.64 min and 15.9 +/- 3.15 min in the alfentanil group, respectively). The sedative and analgesic combination of remifentanil-propofol does not offer any advantages compared with a combination of alfentanil-propofol with regards to respiration and recovery during sedation for outpatient endometrial biopsy
Comparison of Preincisional Infiltrated Levobupivacaine and Ropivacaine for Acute Postoperative Pain Relief After Septorhinoplasty
No full textAbstractBackgroundTo maintain a high standard of patient care, it is essential to provide adequate pain management in patients who undergo nasal surgery. Levobupivacaine and ropivacaine are relatively new long-acting local anesthetics.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect and blood loss of preincisional levobupivacaine HCl 0.25% and ropivacaine HCl 0.375% in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty.MethodsSixty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II patients (18–55 years old) who were scheduled for elective open technique septorhinoplasty under general anesthesia were recruited for this study. The anesthetic technique was standardized for both groups. Preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels were recorded for all patients. Patients were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 study groups, and preincisional surgical field infiltration with 5 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus 5 mL of 0.9% saline (group L; n = 30) or 5 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine plus 5 mL of 0.9% saline (group R; n = 30) was performed by the same surgeon. The degree of pain was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and recorded at multiple time points in all patients after surgery.ResultsThe analgesic effect at 2 hours in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and at 24 hours postoperatively did not differ significantly between the 2 local anesthetics (P > 0.05). Pain scores of patients decreased after the 24 hours in levobupivacaine group and ropivacaine group when compared with 0-minute VAS values, and this was statistically significant (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between groups with respect to the preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (P = 0.767 and 0.824, respectively) values.ConclusionsLocal tissue infiltration with 0.25% levobupivacaine or 0.375% ropivacaine is similarly effective in reducing the postoperative pain associated with septorhinoplasty
A Comparison of 1 Minimum Alveolar Concentration Desflurane and 1 Minimum Alveolar Concentration Isoflurane Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy for Supratentorial Lesions
No full textAbstractBackgroundA critical point in craniotomy is during opening of the dura and the subsequent potential for cerebral edema. Use of desflurane in neurosurgery may be beneficial because it facilitates early postoperative neurologic evaluation; however, data on the effect of desflurane on intracranial pressure in humans are limited. Isoflurane has been used extensively in neurosurgical patients.ObjectiveThis study compared 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) desflurane with 1 MAC isoflurane in facilitating hemodynamic stability, brain relaxation, and postoperative recovery characteristics in patients who underwent craniotomy for supratentorial lesions.MethodsA total of 70 patients (aged 18–65 years), with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) 1 or 2 physical status, who underwent craniotomy for supratentorial lesions, were enrolled in the study. For induction of anesthesia, fentanyl (2 μg/kg IV) and propofol (2 mg/kg IV) were administered. Endotracheal intubation was performed after administration of vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg IV) for total muscle relaxation. Before insertion of the skull pins, additional fentanyl (2 μg/kg IV) was administered. Patients were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 anesthetic regimens. For maintenance of anesthesia, 35 patients received 1 MAC of desflurane (group 1) and 35 patients received 1 MAC of isoflurane (group 2) within 50% oxygen in nitrous oxide. Intraoperatively, heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured and recorded before induction and 1 minute after induction, after endotracheal intubation, before skull pin insertion and 1 minute after skull pin insertion, before incision and 1 minute after incision, and before extubation and 1 minute after extubation. Also, HR and MAP were recorded at 30-minute intervals. Postoperatively, extubation time, eye opening time to verbal stimuli, orientation time, and time to reach an Aldrete postanesthetic recovery score of ≥8 were recorded. In addition, opioid consumption was calculated and recorded. Brain relaxation was evaluated according to a 4-step brain relaxation scoring scale. All outcomes of the study were assessed and recorded by an anesthesiologist blinded to the volatile anesthetic gases studied.ResultsNo significant difference in HR was observed between the 2 groups. Intraoperative MAP values in group 1 were higher than in group 2 (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between these groups in brain relaxation and opioid consumption. Extubation time, eye opening time to verbal stimuli, and time to reach an Aldrete score of ≥8 were found to be significantly shorter in patients in group 1 compared with patients in group 2 (P < 0.05).ConclusionsIn patients who underwent craniotomy for supratentorial lesions, patients who received 1 MAC desflurane–based anesthesia had earlier postoperative cognitive recovery and postoperative neurologic examination compared with patients who received 1 MAC isoflurane–based anesthesia. The observed benefits of early recovery from anesthesia, however, should be considered with risks such as higher MAP in patients administered 1 MAC desflurane
Randomized, double-blinded comparison of tropisetron and placebo for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after supratentorial craniotomy
No full textThis prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of tropisetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after elective supratentorial craniotomy in adult patients. We studied 65 ASA physical status I-III patients aged 18 to 76 years who were undergoing elective craniotomy for resection of various supratentorial tumors. Patients were divided into two groups and received either 2 mg of tropisetron (group T) or saline placebo (group P) intravenously at the time of dural closure. A standard general anesthetic technique was used. Episodes of nausea and vomiting and the need for rescue antiemetic medication were recorded during 24 hours postoperatively. Demographic data, duration of surgery and anesthesia, and sedation scores were comparable in both groups. Nausea occurred in 30% of group T patients and in 46.7% of group P patients (P > .05). The incidence of emetic episodes was 26.7% and 56.7% in the two groups (P < .05). Rescue antiemetic medication was needed in 26.7% and 60% of the patients (P < .05). Administration of a single dose of tropisetron (2 mg intravenously) given at the time of dural closure was effective in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting after elective craniotomy for supratentorial tumor resection in adult patients
Hemodynamic and blockade effects of high/low epinephrine doses during axillary brachial plexus blockade with lidocaine 1.5%: A randomized, double-blinded study
No full textBackground and Objectives: Although epinephrine commonly is added to local anesthetics for regional anesthesia, rarely it may cause undesirable hemodynamic side effects. This study compared the hemodynamic and blockade effects of 25 and 200 jig epinephrine during axillary brachial plexus blockade with lidocaine 1.5%
Inhibitory effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on oxytocin-induced contractions of isolated pregnant human myometrium
No full textBackground: In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on oxytocin-induced contractions of isolated human myometrium
