62 research outputs found
Supplemental Material - From adversity to advice: Survival threats as a trigger for sustained engagement with external business support in small firms
No full textSupplemental Material for From adversity to advice: Survival threats as a trigger for sustained engagement with external business support in small firms by Halima Jibril, Maria Wishart, and Stephen Roper in International Small Business Journal</p
Oil Prices and the Trade Balance of Sub-Saharan African Countries: The Roles of Oil Price Volatility, Real Exchange Rates, and Financial Integration.
No full textThis thesis empirically examines the effects of oil prices on the trade balances of oil importing and exporting Sub-Saharan African countries. These countries depend heavily on international trade for foreign exchange and economic growth, and fluctuations in oil prices have direct implications for their terms of trade. This thesis contributes to the oil price-trade balance literature by focusing on three aspects of this relationship that are unexplored. First, this thesis introduces the issue of nonlinear oil price effects to the trade balance literature. Using a Threshold Vector Autoregressive Model, it estimates asymmetric and threshold effects of oil prices on the trade balance, focusing on oil price volatility as the source of nonlinearity. Nonlinearities are shown to be stronger in the effects of oil price volatility shocks than oil price level shocks: volatility shocks have larger effects on the trade balance when they occur in an already volatile environment, and decreases in oil price volatility have larger effects than increases. Second, this thesis pioneers the empirical investigation of the role of real exchange rates in determining the effects of oil prices on the trade balance. Using a Cross Section Dependence robust panel data method, this thesis shows that real exchange rate depreciations reduce the effects of oil prices on the trade balances of SSA countries, while real appreciations reinforce these effects. Third, this thesis is the first study to empirically investigate how higher international financial risk sharing affects the response of the trade balance to oil prices. To do this, it employs a Panel Smooth Transition Regression model. The results show that oil importing SSA countries that are well integrated in global financial markets, with higher access to foreign funds, fare better when the oil price is high: they are able to avoid large fluctuations in their nonoil trade balances by smoothing nonoil consumption
Understanding the geographical distribution of innovation in England : density, accessibility and spillover effects
No full textWe examine the role of population density and accessibility in shaping innovation intensity in the 32,000 lower super output areas (LSOAs) in England. Our analysis focuses on firms’ registered intellectual property – patents, trademarks and registered designs – and using spatial autoregression models suggests four key results. We find a positive relationship between population density and innovation intensity, a consistent negative relationship between longer journey times to the nearest town centre and innovation intensity, and a strong interaction effect between population density and accessibility. Finally, we find strong evidence of local innovation spillovers reflecting either competition or demonstration effects
Financialisation and innovation in emerging economics: Evidence from Brazil
No full textThis article contributes to the literature on the financial constraints of innovation in two ways. First, we examine whether financialisation has transformed the relation between finance and innovation by assessing the association between companies' financial relations, both on the liability side and the asset side of their balance sheets, and intangible assets. Second, this is the first study that examines theoretically and empirically the link between financialisation and innovation in the context of emerging markets using the population of publicly listed companies in Brazil over the period 2011-2016. We find evidence that whilst financial liabilities do not affect investments on intangibles, higher financial assets and financial profits discourage investments on intangibles. Other indicators of financialisation are not significant. Thus, our results support the crowding-out hypothesis that financialisation i.e. companies' increased tendency to hold financial assets and generate revenue from financial income rather than their underlying operations, discourages investments on innovation
Breaking Boundaries: Discovering the Impossible Counterproof of Beal’s Conjecture
No full textThis paper will attempt to logically differentiate between two types of fractions and discuss the idea of Zero as a neutral integer. This logic can then be followed to create a counterexample and a proof for Beal’s conjecture
From adversity to advice : survival threats as a trigger for sustained engagement with external business support in small firms
No full textThis article analyses the relationship between the experience of a crisis and advice seeking in small firms. Although the benefits of business advice and support to smaller firms are well documented, smaller firms are often reluctant to seek external advice, relying instead on informal routines and a focus on daily operations. Conceptualising crisis as a trigger for advice seeking, and using survey data from 2089 small firms, we find a strong and significant relationship between experiencing a crisis and seeking external business advice up to 5 years after the crisis. This sustained effect on advice seeking is particularly strong for firms who also sought advice at the time of the crisis. Additionally, we find that the effect of a business crisis on sustained advice seeking is stronger for firms subject to a crisis with external origins
Understanding the geographical distribution of innovation in England: density, accessibility and spillover effects
No full textWe examine the role of population density and accessibility in shaping innovation intensity in the 32,000 lower super output areas (LSOAs) in England. Our analysis focuses on firms’ registered intellectual property – patents, trademarks and registered designs – and using spatial autoregression models suggests four key results. We find a positive relationship between population density and innovation intensity, a consistent negative relationship between longer journey times to the nearest town centre and innovation intensity, and a strong interaction effect between population density and accessibility. Finally, we find strong evidence of local innovation spillovers reflecting either competition or demonstration effects.</p
Do digital technologies enable firms that prioritise sustainability goals to innovate? Empirical evidence from established UK micro-businesses
No full textThis article examines the importance of sustainability within firms’ strategic goals and its links with innovation in the context of micro-businesses. Micro-businesses provide an appropriate context for investigating this relationship because, while they tend to prioritise social and environmental goals, they are also more likely to confront resource constraints that can restrict their capability to innovate. Building on goal-setting theory and the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm, we explore under what conditions established micro-business that prioritise sustainability goals are more likely to innovate. Using novel survey data on 4,649 established micro-businesses in the UK, we examine the enabling role of digital technologies. Our results suggest that owner-managers that prioritise sustainability goals are significantly more likely to generate new product and process innovations. Moreover, we find that this effect is stronger when micro-businesses adopt digital technologies. Digital technologies enhance the capabilities of micro-businesses strengthening the connection between sustainability goals and product and process innovation
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