12 research outputs found
Concienciación de los profesionales de construcción tras el COVID-19 en países en desarrollo
No full textCOVID-19 has drastically changed the way life works in many sectors, especially construction. This research aimed to analyse the awareness and practices of construction practitioners regarding the post-coronavirus situation in developing countries. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to study the effects of this pandemic on a global scale. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to create an accurate questionnaire for practitioners. During pilot studies, experts were consulted for their opinions, and pre-tests were done on small samples. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics to classify the results. The findings demonstrated that experience increases awareness of epidemic risks as well as how safety measures, regulations, and standards are often disregarded in developing countries and are affected by the community environment.
It is recommended to implement a new science of epidemic risk management.El COVID-19 ha cambiado drásticamente como funciona la vida en muchos sectores, especialmente en la construcción. Esta investigación tiene el propósito de analizar la concienciación y las prácticas de construcción de los profesionales con respecto a la situación después del Coronavirus en países de desarrollo. Se realizó una profunda revisión bibliográfica para estudiar los efectos de esta pandemia en una escala global. Métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos fueron empleados con el fin de crear un cuestionario adecuado para los profesionales. Durante estudios piloto, se consultó la opinión de expertos, y se realizaron pruebas previas en pequeñas muestras. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadísticas descriptivas para clasificar los resultados. Los resultados demostraron que la experiencia aumenta la concienciación de riesgos epidémicos; además de cómo las medidas de seguridad, los reglamentos, y normas suelen ignorarse en los países en desarrollo; y se ven afectados por su entorno comunitario. Se recomienda la implementación de una nueva ciencia de gestión del riesgo de epidemias
Hall coefficient measurement for residual stress assessment in precipitation hardened IN718 nickel-base superalloy
No full textWe investigated the feasibility of residual stress assessment based on Hall coefficient measurements in precipitation hardened IN718 nickel-base superalloy. As a first step, we studied the influence of microstructural variations on the magnetogalvanic properties of IN718 nickel-base superalloy. We found that the Hall coefficient of IN718 increases from ≈8.1×10-11 m3 /C in its fully annealed state of 15 HRC Rockwell hardness to ≈9.8×10-11 m3 /C in its fully hardened state of 45 HRC. Second, we studied the influence of cold work, i.e., plastic deformation at room temperature, and found that cold work had negligible effect on the Hall coefficient of fully annealed IN718, but significantly reduced it in the hardened state of the material. For example, measurements conducted on fully hardened IN718 specimens showed that the Hall coefficient decreased more or less linearly with cold work from its peak value of ≈9.8×10-11 m3 /C in its intact state to ≈9.3×10-11 m3 /C in its most deformed state of 22% plastic strain. Third, we studied the influence of applied stress, and found that elastic strain significantly increases the Hall coefficient of IN718 regardless of the state of hardening. The relative sensitivity of the Hall coefficient to elastic strain was measured as a unitless gauge factor F that is defined as the ratio of the relative change of the Hall coefficient ΔRH/RH divided by the axial strain ε = σ/E, where σ is the applied uniaxial stress and E is the Young’s modulus of the material, i.e., ΔRH = RH (1 + F ε). We determined that the galvanomagnetic gauge factor of IN718 is F ≈ 2.5-3 depending on the hardness level. Besides the fairly high value of the gauge factor, it is important that it is positive, which means that compressive stress in surface-treated components decreases the Hall coefficient in a similar way as plastic deformation does, therefore the unfortunate cancellation that occurs in fully hardened IN718 in the case of electric conductivity measurements will not happen in this case.</p
Influences of Earned Value Management on Construction Project's Performance in Yemen
No full textMost of projects in developing countries suffer cost overruns, behind the schedule, and bad quality due to improper monitoring and controlling technique. This study investigated the earned value management in Yemen as a monitoring and controlling technique and its relation with the project performance. The both qualitative and quantitative methods were adopted covering unstructured interview and questionnaire. This study conducted both pilot study and pre-test which led to proper instrument used in large-scale survey. Reliability and validity tests applied on the instrument which judged it to be reliable and valid. SPSS IBM 19 analysed the data showing that the Earned value has not understood due to lack of knowledge and wasn’t practiced in the site. Consequently, this led to performance failure. To overcome this issue, the academics and practitioners should study and practice earned value management in Yemen particularly, and in developing countries in general
The Effect of an Education Program on School Children Oral Health in Khartoum, Sudan
No full textGalal Faisal Abdulqader Abdulla Albani,1 Widad Ibrahim Abdelgadir,2,3 Amal Abdelgadir Ali Mohamed,4 Magda Yousif,5 Amna Mohammed Ali Mustafa,6 Egbal Abbashar Algmair Almkiy,7,8 Khadiga Z M Mohammed,4,9 Eman Ahmed Saad Mohamed,7 Fahad Abdullah A Alghamdi,10 Raga Gasim Ahmed,11 Manal SA Hakami,10 Niemat A Dinar,10 Amal Alsulami,2 AbdAllah Ibrahim AbdAlrahman Mudawi,12 Waled AM Ahmed10 1Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Aljanad University for Science and Technology, Taiz, Yemen; 2Department of Community Health Nursing & Mental Nursing Sciences College of Nursing,Taif university, Taif, Saudi Arabia; 3Faculty of Nursing Sciences Bahri University, Sudan; 4Department of Maternal and Child Nursing Sciences College of Nursing,Taif university, Taif, Saudi Arabia; 5Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; 6Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan Saudi Arabia; 7Department of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah College, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; 8Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Alneelain University, Sudan; 9Nursing Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; 10Faculty of Nursing, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia; 11Department of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia; 12Oral and Dental Health Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Waled AM Ahmed; Amal Abdelgadir Ali Mohamed, Tel +966508245369; +966550367392, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Oral health education programs have long been considered an essential part of oral health policies. This is important for reducing the risk of oral diseases through health enhancement and voluntary behavioral changes due to learning opportunities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of school-based oral health education program on oral health in school children in Sudan.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at four governmental schools in Khartoum, Sudan, between August 2018, and March 2022. A total of 423 school children were randomly allocated into the control (n = 211) and study (n = 212) groups. An adapted questionnaire was administered to students before and after the intervention to assess their knowledge and practice of oral health. The study group participated in oral health education activities. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.Results: The findings revealed that the mean knowledge at the pre-educational program was 9.3066 (SD = 3.91078) and the mean knowledge after the educational program was 21.2736 (SD = 2.13982). The scores indicated that the school children had significantly higher knowledge and practice scores after the oral health education program.Conclusion: The study concluded that education program on oral health improved students’ oral health knowledge and practices. Imposing theoretical and practical lessons on oral and dental health in school curricula can motivate students to maintain oral health care, and this improves oral health status.Keywords: education program, school children, oral health, knowledge, practice, Suda
Perceived Social Stigma of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Hubuna, Saudi Arabia
No full textNahid K Elfaki,1 Mohammed Jamaan Alzahrani,2 Yahya Hussein Ahmed Abdalla,1 Abdullah I Adeh,3 Abdalla Mohammed Ahmed Osman Abdalla,1 Mugahed A Alkhadher,4 Samah R Elrefaey,1 Warga Hashim Hussein Abdelmagid,5 Faroq Alshameri,6 Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape,7 Manal SA Hakami,7 Fahad Abdullah A Alghamdi,7 Yagoub Hamadt Allah Elhaj,8 Niemat MAA Dinar,7 Amal Abdelgadir Ali Mohamed,9 Elsadig Eltaher Hamed Abdulrahman,4 Duria Hassan Merghani Mohamed,10 Elwaleed Idris Sagiron,1 Maha Hamed Mohamed Ali,1,11 Waled AM Ahmed7 1Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia; 2Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia; 3Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia; 4Medical- Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia; 5Maternity and Child Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia; 6Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Nursing, Alrayan Colleges, Almadina, Saudi Arabia; 7Faculty of Nursing, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia; 8Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia; 9Department of Maternal and Child Nursing Sciences, College of Nursing, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia; 10Faculty of Nursing, King Khalid University, Muhail Aseer, Saudi Arabia; 11Public Health Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Khamis Mushait Aseer, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Nahid K Elfaki, Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia, Email [email protected] Waled AM Ahmed, Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966508245369, Email [email protected]: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne skin infection that remains prevalent in regions with poor socioeconomic conditions. Stigmatization occurs when individuals with physical or psychological disorders interact with societal stereotypes. The aim of this study was to explore the perceived social stigma surrounding CL among people residing in Hubuna, Saudi Arabia.Methods: This cross-sectional community-based survey recruited 618 individuals aged 18 years and above using the snowball sampling technique to reach hidden cases within the target population. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and the Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue for Perceived Social Stigma (EMIC-SS-12) was used to assess the level of perceived social stigma. It includes questions on demographic variables, behaviors, and experiences. The analysis was performed using SPSS.Results: The study included 618 participants, the majority of whom were women and girls (54.2%), with a mean age of 28 ± 12.7 years. The median score for perceived social stigma was 26.0. Only 2.1% (n = 13) of participants had the highest EMIC-SS-12 score of 36, while 7.6% (n = 47) scored zero. The mean score for overall perceived social stigma was 1.89 ± 0.91, while the mean score for experienced stigma was 1.99 ± 1.02. Univariate analysis showed that sex, employment, location of lesions, and number of lesions were insignificantly associated with stigmatization (P-value < 0.05), because these associations were uncertain because the CI includes or very close to 1.Conclusion: The study reveals insights into stigmatization associated with CL in the Habuna area of Saudi Arabia. It found that the median of perceived social stigma was 26. Factors such as sex, employment status, and location of the lesion are uncertainly associated with stigma. It is crucial to explore negative behaviors and perceptions and develop suitable health education programs.Keywords: social stigma, cutaneous leishmaniasis, Hubuna, Saudi Arabia, infectious disease
'Urf Marriage of Gampong Padang Residents in Setia Bakti District, Aceh Jaya Regency: 'Urf Pernikahan Warga Gampong Padang di Kecamatan Setia Bakti Kabupaten Aceh Jaya
No full textThere are often various customs of marriage customs in society. From these marriage habits, some are not contrary to Sharia but there are also the opposite. For this the customs/customs of marriage need to be traced using the review of 'urf, so that it is thus identified whether it belongs to 'urf shahih or 'urf fasid. From that, this study formulated two problems, including how the marriage habits carried out by a small number of Gampong Padang residents and what 'urf reviews these marriage habits are. To answer these two formulations, the author uses a library research method with several approaches, namely the case approach, legislation, and the 'urf theory approach. The result obtained from this study is that there is a small percentage of Gampong Padang residents who hand over the fate of their marriage to someone who is held under the name waled / walidi. After collecting several waled people then determined a mate against them. After the arranged marriage proceeds to the stage around sawa mountain, to the tomb of ureung malem for the ritual summoning of ancestral spirits and sirri marriage. Based on these data, researchers categorize the marriage habit into two forms of 'urf, namely shahih and fasid. What is included in the urf shahih is the arranged marriage and marriage of sirri, the arranged marriage is done voluntarily and so is the sirri marriage carried out according to the marriage. Meanwhile, what is included in the 'urf fasid is to surround the sawa mountain and to the tomb of the mountain malem for ancestral spirit summoning rituals, because it contains shirk and adultery. It should not be a custom that is fasid because a concept of custom can be done if it does not conflict with the syara'
Status of FAA Studies in Thermal Acoustics
No full textAs with many aerospace applications, commercial jet engine components are operated in demanding environments, often at extreme temperature and stress conditions. The predominant used surface inspection method used on these components is fluorescent penetrant inspection. Research has been ongoing for a number of years on a new technology using a short burst of low frequency ( ∼ 20 KHz) ultrasound to “heat up” cracks and make them visible in the infrared range. The basic premise of the Thermal Acoustic method is to use an energy source with recent efforts using an ultrasonic horn originally intended for use in ultrasonic welding to excite the component. The energy source causes an increase in local heating, which is detectable with infrared cameras typically used in Thermographic inspection. While considerable research is underway, additional information on the sensitivity and applicability of this technique to engine components and alloys is needed prior to widespread use in the aviation industry. The purpose of this program is to provide additional data to determine applicability of this method to engine components.Copyright 2008 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics.
This article appeared in AIP Conference Proceedings, 975 (2008): 1551–1558 and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2902620.</p
