3 research outputs found
A retrospective observational study of maternal weight gain during pregnancy and correlation with fetomaternal outcome in women admitted to labour room in a tertiary care center of South Gujarat
No full textBackground: Gestational weight gain (GWG) is an important determinant of maternal and neonatal health. Both excessive and inadequate GWG are associated with adverse outcomes. This study evaluated the correlation of GWG, based on Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines, with pregnancy outcomes across different body mass index (BMI) categories.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a tertiary care centre in South Gujarat over one year. A total of 300 pregnant women were analysed for age, parity, BMI, GWG, and fetomaternal outcomes.
Results: Most participants were aged 19–35 years (95%), with primipara comprising 40.67%. Poor GWG was observed in 56% and normal GWG in 35.67%. Preterm labour was more frequent in underweight women (11.13%), while post-term delivery was higher in obese women (17.47%). Vaginal delivery predominated in poor GWG (72.62%), whereas lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) rates were greater in high BMI groups (36%). Low birth weight (<2.5 kg) was common with poor GWG (41.07%), while birth weight >2.5 kg was more frequent in normal (76.63%) and excessive GWG (88%). Anaemia was the leading comorbidity (132 cases), particularly in underweight women. GDM, hypertensive disorders, big bay, induction failure, operative delivery, and postpartum complications were associated with higher BMI and excessive GWG.
Conclusions: GWG followed pre-pregnancy BMI trends. Excessive GWG was linked with metabolic and obstetric complications, while below-recommended GWG increased risks of low birth weight, preterm delivery, and anaemia
An observational study to classify causes of abnormal uterine bleeding according to PALM-COEIN classification
No full textBackground: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a frequent gynecological complaint affecting women of all ages, significantly impacting quality of life. To standardize its diagnosis and management, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) introduced the PALM-COEIN classification system, which categorizes AUB into structural and non-structural causes. To classify AUB according to PALM-COEIN classification, to know associated risk factors, to know their demography and modality of treatment required.
Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at New Civil Hospital, Surat, from May 2024 to April 2025. Approval was obtained from the Institutional Research Review Committee (Approval ID: GMCS/RRC-2/13433/24).
A total of 200 consenting women with AUB (non-pregnancy related) were included. Exclusion criteria: pregnancy-related bleeding or refusal to consent. Detailed clinical history, examination, investigations, imaging and biopsy when indicated were done. Classification was as per PALM-COEIN. Treatment included medical or surgical modalities. Response was assessed over a 3-month follow-up.
Results: The most common cause of AUB was adenomyosis (AUB-A, 33%), followed by leiomyoma (AUB-L, 30.5%) and ovulatory dysfunction (AUB-O, 14%). Among non-structural causes, AUB-O was predominant. In this study simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia in 4 cases and half of those patients improved with medical treatment. Medical management was effective in 64.48% of treated patients, while 65.5% required surgical intervention. Obesity (26%) and thyroid disorders (17.5%) were the most common comorbid risk factors.
Conclusions: The PALM-COEIN classification system was a useful and thorough tool for understanding the causes of AUB, helping to standardize diagnoses, plan better treatments and achieve better results in patient care. It also facilitated effective communication and comparison across clinical and research settings
Laparoscopic Palomo varicocelectomy
No full textSir,
We have been called into question on the proper use
of term laparoscopic Palomo varicocelectomy by Letter
to the Editor: Nitinkumar Borkar, Nitin K. Kashyap,
Debajyoti Mohanty: Is it a Palomo’s operation? Afr
J Paed Surg. October-December 2014/Vol 11/Issue 4
371-372 who refer to: Marte A, Pintozzi L, Cavaiuolo
S, Parmeggiani P. Single-incision laparoscopic surgery
and conventional laparoscopic treatment of varicocele
in adolescents: Comparison between two techniques.
Afr J Paediatr Surg 2014;11:201-5.
It’s unquestionable that the original report of
Dr. Alejandro Palomo of J Urol 1949[1] (in prelaparoscopic
era) refers to an open retroperitoneal
approach with an en bloc section of testicular vascular
bundle, and according to the Author, this can be
implemented without compromising the testicular
vitality. From the original drawings: “Veins and artery
have been freed and are removed after clamps have
been applied. Proximal and distal stumps of the vessels
are ligated by transfixations sutures”.[1
