1,720,966 research outputs found
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textWhat is an ISA? The bridge between software (instructions) and hardware (CPU). Defines the set of instructions a processor can understand and execute. Dictates how data is processed and programs are run
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textIntroduction: What is Memory Hierarchy? A layered system for storing and accessing data in a computer, Organized based on speed, capacity, and cos
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textIntroduction: What is Instruction Level Parallelism (ILP)? The concept of pipelining in a CPU, Data dependencies and their impact on performanc
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textInstruction pipelines: Processors execute instructions in a sequence of steps fetch, decode, execute, write back. In-Order Execution: Instructions progress through the pipeline one at a time, waiting for the previous instruction to finish before starting. Out-of-Order Execution: Instructions can be issued, executed, and completed out-of-order as long as there are no dependencies
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textThe Branching Dilemma: Conditional branches are instructions that alter the program flow based on a condition. Processors typically fetch instructions sequentially. Encountering a branch creates a dilemma: Fetch the next instruction in sequence (assuming not taken). Fetch the target instruction of the branch (assuming taken)
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textIntroduction: What is Parallel Processing? Executing tasks simultaneously using multiple processing units. Benefits of Parallel Processing, Increased throughput (more tasks completed per unit time), Reduced execution time for specific task
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textIntroduction: We will explore the critical aspects of power, energy, and cost in computer architecture. We will discuss the design considerations, components, and mathematical models used to optimize these factors in modern computing systems
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textPipelining Hazards: Structural Hazards: Insufficient Hardware Resources, Data Hazards: Reading data before it's written, Control Hazards: Branch instructions and stall
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textIntroduction: Instruction Level Parallelism (ILP): ILP refers to the potential to execute multiple instructions concurrently within a processor. Modern processors exploit ILP to achieve higher performance. The Tomasulo Algorithm is a key technique that facilitates dynamic instruction scheduling for maximizing ILP
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Advanced computer architecture
No full textIntroduction: Importance of Memory, Bottleneck in performance, Large capacity gap between registers and main memory, Challenges of Memory Access, Latency (access time), Bandwidth (data transfer rate
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