12 research outputs found
Potentially pathogenic Vibrio species in the German Bight, North Sea
No full textVibrio spp. are ubiquitous bacteria, common to estuaries and coasts. V.parahaemolyticus, V.vulnificus and V.cholerae are the main water-related pathogenic species, able to cause serious gastroenteritis, wound infections or septicaemia. Infection cases have become more frequent in northern temperate waters, attributed to climate change related events. Little is known about pathogenic Vibrio spp. in the German Bight. Occurrence, abundance and pathogenicity of V.parahaemolyticus, V.vulnificus and V.cholerae were investigated in a salinity gradient of the German Bight over 14 months. Seasonal patterns with increased abundances during summer were detected, while extended periods of warm seawater coincided with prolonged Vibrio spp. occurrences in the German Bight. Temperature and nitrite were the significant factors explaining variations in Vibrio spp. abundances. This study revealed that environmental human pathogenic Vibrio spp. comprise multiple virulence-associated genes in the German Bight, especially in estuarine regions. Pathogen growth potentials of clinically relevant V.vulnificus and V.cholerae strains were investigated in the German Bight to determine the extent of in vitro growth in a broad range of physico-chemical conditions of surface waters originating from a salinity gradient. Those strains, despite revealing different growth patterns, are capable of growth in most seawater samples under ambient physicochemical conditions. Growth kinetics showed strong temperature dependency when grown in seawater, while no salinity dependency was detected. Potentially pathogenic V.parahaemolyticus was detected on marine microplastics for the first time, evidencing that microplastics can serve as additional surfaces for attachment and function as vectors for the enrichment and dispersal. Given the future predictions of climate variability, a species-specific monitoring and risk assessment regarding potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. in the German Bight is crucial
Spatiotemporal abundance of V. cholerae,V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus in a salinity gradient in the German Bight (North Sea)
No full textV. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus are potential human pathogens, commonly causing severe infections mostly in tropical or subtropical areas. However, human pathogenic Vibrio are becoming increasingly significant also in temperate waters of northern Europe due to increasing seawater temperatures caused by climate change. Although being pathogens of emerging importance in these waters, currently little is known about the spatiotemporal distribution and environmental dependencies of these species in German coastal waters. Our study covered monthly seawater samples from spring 2015 to spring 2017 in a salinity gradient from the Island Heligoland to the river mouth of the Elbe. On each sampling station different amounts of seawater were filtered on membranes and subjected to APW enrichment (3-MPN). DNA of the extracted biomass was subjected to species specific PCRs targeting V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus (toxR) and V. vulnificus (vvhA). To unveil the possible presence of virulent genotypes, further PCRs were performed targeting O1, O139, ctxA (V. cholerae), tdh, trh (V. parahaemolyticus), manIIA and nanA (V. vulnificus). Recurring patterns of investigated Vibrio species during summer seasons were detected. V. cholerae occurrence was restricted to the estuary region in low abundances while V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus occurred throughout the whole sampling transect with up to 4.6 x 103 MPN L-1, respectively. The results showed an increase in pathogenic strain occurrences in the second year of the sampling period. In 2016, 13% of all V. cholerae containing samples were positive for the O139 gene and 28% of V. parahaemolyticus positive samples were carrying the trh gene, both mainly in the estuary region. All V. vulnificus positive samples were manIIA positive and 86% were nanA positive. The presence of pathogenic genes reveals the urgency of a regulated Vibrio surveillance program for a valuable human health risk assessment in the German North Sea, especially due to the expected continuous rise in surface water temperatures
Potentially human pathogenic Vibrio spp. in a coastal transect: Occurrence and multiple virulence factors
No full textAn increase in human Vibrio spp. infections has been linked to climate change related events, in particular to seawater warming and heatwaves. However, there is a distinct lack of research of pathogenic Vibrio spp. occurrences in the temperate North Sea, one of the fastest warming seas globally. Particularly in the German Bight, Vibrio investigations are still scarce. This study focuses on the spatio-temporal quantification and pathogenic characterization of V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and V. cholerae over the course of 14 months. Species-specific MPN-PCR (Most probable number – polymerase chain reaction) conducted on selectively enriched surface water samples revealed seasonal patterns of all three species with increased abundances during summer months. The extended period of warm seawater coincided with prolonged Vibrio spp. occurrences in the German Bight. Temperature and nitrite were the factors explaining variations in Vibrio spp. abundances after generalized additive mixed models. The specific detection of pathogenic markers via PCR revealed trh-positive V. parahaemolyticus, pathogenic V. vulnificus (nanA, manIIA, PRXII) and V. cholerae serotype O139 presence. Additionally, spatio-temporally varying virulence profiles of V. cholerae with multiple accessory virulence-associated genes, such as the El Tor variant hemolysin (hlyAET), acyltransferase of the repeats-in-toxin cluster (rtxC), Vibrio 7th pandemic island II (VSP-II), Type III Secretion System (TTSS) and the Cholix Toxin (chxA) were detected. Overall, this study highlights that environmental human pathogenic Vibrio spp. comprise a reservoir of virulence-associated genes in the German Bight, especially in estuarine regions. Due to their known vast genetic plasticity, we point to the possible emergence of highly pathogenic V. cholerae strains. Particularly, the presence of V. cholerae serotype O139 is unusual and needs urgent continuous surveillance. Given the predictions of further warming and more frequent heatwave events, human pathogenic Vibrio spp. should be seriously considered as a developing risk to human health in the German Bight
Vibrio in the German Bight: Spatial and temporal variations
No full textMesophilic bacteria of the genus Vibrio naturally exist in marine environments. Being the main water-borne human pathogens, the focus of this work was put on the species V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus. These are known to cause serious illnesses associated with food poisoning or wound infections. Although Vibrio infections occur mainly in tropical areas, potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. have been detected in temperate northern European waters in recent years. Clinical cases in these regions seem to follow extreme weather events, especially heat waves. This study covers monthly samplings from spring 2015 until spring 2017 in a sampling transect between Helgoland and Cuxhaven in the German Bight. Species-specific detection and quantification was conducted using the MPN-PCR method targeting the functional genes toxR or vvhA. Additional evaluation of virulence-associated genes gave insight about the presence of pathogenic strains of these species. Besides recurring patterns of Vibrio abundances during summer seasons, the results showed an increase in pathogenic strain occurrences throughout the sampling period. This study reveals the urgency of a regulated Vibrio monitoring and an understanding of environmental dependencies of Vibrio occurrences
Detektion von potenziell pathogenen Vibrionen auf Mikroplastik Partikeln der Nord und Ostsee mittels MALDI-TOF MS
No full textDie taxonomische Zusammensetzung von marinen Biofilmen auf Mikroplastik ist weitgehend unbekannt. Jüngste Studien basierend auf Gensequenzierungen wiesen darauf hin das potentiell pathogene Vibrio spp. Teil dieser „Plastisphäre“ sein könnten. Bakterien der Gattung Vibrio können Durchfallerkrankungen oder schwere Entzündungen hervorrufen. Eine beweiskräftige Spezies-Identifizierung von Vibrionen auf Plastik konnte allerdings bisher mit diesen Methoden nicht erreicht werden. Für diese Studie wurden in 2013 und 2014 an insgesamt 63 Stationen in Nord- und Ostsee, Wasser und Mikroplastik Proben genommen und auf Vibrionen untersucht. Diese wurden zur selektiven Anreicherung von pathogenen Vibrio spp. in Alkalinem Peptonwasser (APW) inkubiert. Auf CHROMagar™Vibrio wurden anschließend die drei wichtigsten humanpathogenen Spezies V. parahaemolyticus, V.cholerae und V.vulnificus nach charakteristischen Koloniefarben isoliert. Mittels MALDI-TOF MS (MALDI Biotyper, Bruker) und der neuen Datenbank VibrioBase konnten alle Isolate zuverlässig auf einem Spezies - Level identifiziert werden. Die Identifizierung der drei Hauptspezies wurde anschließend mittels spezies-spezifischen PCRs überprüft. ATR FT-IR (Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform – Infrared Spectroscopy) wurde für die Mikroplastik Charakterisierung genutzt. Insgesamt wurden 200 Partikel analysiert und Vibrionen von 19 Mikroplastik Partikeln isoliert. Auf 12 Partikeln wurde das potentiell pathogene Bakterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus gefunden. Dies ist die erste Studie, in der kultivierbare, potentiell pathogene Vibrio Spezies auf Mikroplastik nachgewiesen wurden
Readiness for Hospital Discharge - Adult Patient Short Form - Turkish Translation
No full textThe Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale, and Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale were developed by Dr. Marianne Weiss to measure nurse-sensitive discharge care processes and patient outcomes. Three versions of the scales were developed concurrently for different patient populations – Adult medical-surgical patients, Parents of hospitalized children, and Postpartum Patient mothers (see Weiss & Piacentine, 2006, Weiss et al., 2007, and Bobay et al., 2018 for description of the development and initial testing). Additional scales and information about translation rights are located at Marquette Nursing. PERMISSION TO USE
The Readiness for Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale, and Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale are available, and permission is granted to use the scales obtained from this website under the following conditions: The scales may not be modified or adapted. The scales may be used for research or for clinical practice. Permission is required from Dr. Weiss to load the scale(s) into the electronic health record and for hospital wide use of the scales. The scales may not be used or incorporated into for-profit/commercial programs. In publications reporting use of the scales, please reference Dr Weiss as the author of the scale and the translator (for non-English Scales) if noted on the scale form. The scales may not be published in manuscripts – only the results of use can be published. You may cite this website as the source of the scales. On publication of results, please send Dr Weiss a copy of the published paper.
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Enhanced performance of lithium-ion battery anodes using CuO nanorod/ graphene aerogel composites
No full textIn this study, CuO nanorods and CuO/graphene aerogel (GA) composites are investigated as potential anode materials. CuO nanorods were synthesized by chemical precipitation, while the CuO/graphene aerogel hybrid was prepared by the aerogel method. Structural, morphological and electrochemical characterizations were performed, which showed enhanced performance of the CuO/GA hybrid composite. This composite structure retained 90 % of its capacitance after 500 cycles, significantly outperforming the pure CuO electrode. The unique properties of CuO's high theoretical capacity combined with graphene's superior conductivity lead to enhanced lithium storage and structural resilience. This study examines CuO nanorods combined with graphene aerogels to leverage graphene exceptional conductivity and 3D porous structure for improved performance.Domestic Priority Areas Doctoral Scholarship Program [TUBITAK 2211-C]The author Esma Uzun is funded by the TUBITAK 2211-C Domestic Priority Areas Doctoral Scholarship Program
Gastric Carcinoma with Lymphoid Stroma: A Combination of Mismatch Repair Deficient Medullary Type and Epstein–Barr Virus-associated Gastric Carcinomas
No full text© The Author(s) 2022.Gastric carcinomas consist of a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with broad cytological and architectural variations. Gastric carcinomas with lymphoid stroma show poor correlation between their histomorphology and biological behavior. This contrast causes a need for more detailed analysis and molecular exploration of lymphoid stroma-rich gastric carcinomas with medullary like features and lack of glandular differentiation. In this study, we performed a detailed retrospective analysis of 53 gastric carcinomas among 654 gastric tumors from surgical resection specimens, all of which had no prominent glandular differentiation. Morphological and clinical data were compared with immunohistochemistry (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 for mismatch repair mechanism deficiency; CD2, CD8 and CD163 for immune infiltration; and PD-1, PD-L1, LMP-1, ERBB2 and ki-67) besides EBER in situ hybridization and molecular studies (PCR based microsatellite instability and BRAF V600E mutation analysis). Morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular findings lead us to classify lymphoid stroma–rich advanced gastric carcinomas (n = 40/53) into two distinct entities originating from two different pathogenetic pathway: one is gastric carcinomas revealing predominantly medullary type morphology with defective DNA mismatch repair mechanism (n = 30/53) and the other is EBV associated carcinomas (n = 10/53). In addition, we suggest that biomarker based classification algorithms besides morphological evaluation are necessary to identify these two entities. Distinguishing these entities is crucial to apply different treatment strategies, including alternative treatments such as immunotherapy
/Graphene Aerogel Composite Electrode for Next-Generation Li-Ion Batteries
No full textIn this work, we introduce LiNi0.8Mn0.15Al0.05O2 (NMA), which is cobalt-free and has a high nickel content, and a conductive composite material to NMA by supporting it with a three-dimensional (3D) graphene aerogel (GA). With an easy freeze-drying approach, NMA nanoparticles are properly dispersed on graphene sheets, and GA creates a strong and conductive framework, significantly improving the structure and conductivity. The structure of the pure NMA and NMA/ graphene aerogel (NMA/GA) composite was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE -SEM). XRD and FE-SEM analyses clearly indicated that ultrapure NMA structures are homogeneously dispersed among the GAs. In addition, the composite structure was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine the dispersion mechanisms. The electrochemical cycling performance of the pure NMA and NMA/GA composite was evaluated by rate capacitance, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The synthesized NMA/GA was able to provide 89.81% specific capacity retention after the 500th cycle at C/2. The average charge/ discharge rates of the obtained cathode show good electrochemical results and exhibit capacities of 190.2,186.3, 185.2, 176.2, 161.2,142.6, and 188.5 mAh g-1 at C/20, C/10, C/5, C, 3C, 5C, and C/20, respectively. EIS data showed an improvement in the impedance of the composite containing GA. According to the results of the electrochemical tests, NMA nanoparticles formed a conductive network with its porous structure thanks to GA, formed a protective layer on the surface, prevented the side reactions between the cathode and the electrolyte, decreased the impedance of the cathode, and increased the redox kinetics. In addition, the changes in the structure were investigated in the NMA/GA composite cathode by XRD, FE-SEM, and Raman analyses at the end of the 50th, 250th, and 500th cycles. In summary, the NMA/GA cathode is expected to play an important role in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by taking advantage of its easy synthesis and excellent cycle stability.Council of Higher Education in Energy Storage [100/2000]; TUBITAK [2211-A]Author Deniz Kuruahmet is a Council of Higher Education 100/2000 in Energy Storage and TUBITAK 2211-A General Domestic PhD Scholar
