1,724,027 research outputs found
Investigations of Horizontal-Parallax-Only Optical Scanning Holography (HPO-OSH) through MATLAB Simulations
No full textThe concept of generating horizontal-parallax-only (HPO) holograms by computer simulations is investigated. The simulations in this thesis are based on Optical Scanning Holography (OSH) aimed at acquiring HPO information electronically. The principles of OSH, a technique that allows the extraction of 3-D information by a 2-D optical scan of the object is first summarized. The HPO principles and simulation scenarios are then discussed. In order to illustrate the ideas, holograms were created and reconstructed using MATLAB simulations. The holograms are simulated by convolving the Fresnel zone plates (FZP) with the object. The simulations focus on generating HPO holograms using 1-D FZPs modeled as 1-D Gaussian chirp beams of varying waists. An optical reconstruction scheme by cylindrical lens was proposed and simulated. Three-dimensional imaging using HPO-holograms was also discussed. Several reconstruction scenarios were investigated by digitally convolving the complex HPO-hologram with the free space impulse response or the Gaussian chirp beam. Although many ideas of HPO-holography have been proposed and studied, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first proposed electronic technique to acquire HPO-holographic information. The simulations demonstrate that holographic information reduction techniques also help to alleviate the problems associated with the restricted field of view upon holographic reconstruction for 3-D display. The simulations show that horizontal-parallax-only holography is an excellent way to reduce holographic information. Suggested future work includes actual optical experimentation to verify the ideas presented in this thesis.Master of Scienc
Using phenogenon to predict gene-HPO-mode of inheritance (MOI) relationships for the 12 known genes.
No full textA. Examples of using Phenogenon to profile known relationships: ABCA4—Macular dystrophy (HP:0007754) -recessive, and SCN1A—Seizures (HP:0001250)—dominant. The color scales represent the HGF score. The majority of high-scoring bins are for rare variants (HGF < 0.00025). B. Error rate in predicting HPO when number of patients selected per gene is higher than ‘HPO NP cut-off’. The lines give the trend of error rates for each prediction model. C. Error rate for MOI when HPO selected per gene is higher than HGF cut-off. The lines give the trend of error rates for each prediction model. Orange line: model using gnomAD allele frequency instead of estimated homozygote frequency for recessive MOI; Red line: model using HGF for both HPO association and MOI prediction; Blue line: model using Fisher method to combine p values; Green line: our current model for Phenogenon.</p
sj-pdf-1-hpo-10.1177_20551029211039920 – Supplemental Material for It’s difficult to say no: Development of a parenting booklet about physical activity restrictions and recommendations in pediatric hemophilia
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-hpo-10.1177_20551029211039920 for It’s difficult to say no: Development of a parenting booklet about physical activity restrictions and recommendations in pediatric hemophilia by Sarah Bérubé, David Ogez, Jennifer Aramideh, Claudine Amesse, Claude J Bourque, Claire Longpré, Lorraine Muise, Ariane Levesque and Serge Sultan in Health Psychology Open</p
sj-pdf-2-hpo-10.1177_20551029211039920 – Supplemental Material for It’s difficult to say no: Development of a parenting booklet about physical activity restrictions and recommendations in pediatric hemophilia
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-2-hpo-10.1177_20551029211039920 for It’s difficult to say no: Development of a parenting booklet about physical activity restrictions and recommendations in pediatric hemophilia by Sarah Bérubé, David Ogez, Jennifer Aramideh, Claudine Amesse, Claude J Bourque, Claire Longpré, Lorraine Muise, Ariane Levesque and Serge Sultan in Health Psychology Open</p
sj-pdf-3-hpo-10.1177_20551029211039920 – Supplemental Material for It’s difficult to say no: Development of a parenting booklet about physical activity restrictions and recommendations in pediatric hemophilia
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-3-hpo-10.1177_20551029211039920 for It’s difficult to say no: Development of a parenting booklet about physical activity restrictions and recommendations in pediatric hemophilia by Sarah Bérubé, David Ogez, Jennifer Aramideh, Claudine Amesse, Claude J Bourque, Claire Longpré, Lorraine Muise, Ariane Levesque and Serge Sultan in Health Psychology Open</p
Metacomputing is an emergent paradigm that makes possible to distribute applications over a heterogeneous set of computing systems to exploit all available resources. The paper presents the HPO environment for object-oriented metacomputing. The HPO programming model is based on the object-oriented paradigm and defines architecture-independent and portable applications. The HPO support makes it possible to distribute applications over a network of heterogeneous architectures. The paper describes this approach via several examples and evaluates its achieved performances
Emerging role of Hpo signaling and YAP in hepatocellular carcinoma
No full textVicente Valero III,1 Timothy M Pawlik,1 Robert A Anders21Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, 2Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAAbstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Due to the poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options, there is great interest in further understanding better the molecular underpinnings and potential molecular targets associated with HCC. The Hippo (Hpo) signaling pathway and YAP, its principal downstream effector, represent an innovative area of research in HCC. Pioneered in Drosophila melanogaster, the Hpo cascade controls tissue homeostasis including organ size, cell proliferation, apoptosis, as well as cell-cycle regulation and differentiation. This conserved kinase cascade in mammals depends on central control by the tumor suppressor mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1/2 (Mst1/2). The Mst1/2 commences the downstream kinase cascade, ultimately activating the oncoprotein YAP and allowing its physical association with downstream targets to enhance the gene expression signatures that are involved in proliferation and survival. Alterations in YAP expression and defective regulation of other key Hpo pathway members, such as Mst1/2, Salvador, neurofibromatosis and Mer (Nf2/mer), large tumor suppressor homolog 1/2 (Lats1/2), and Mps one binder kinase activator-like 1A and 1B (Mob1) drive carcinogenesis in animal models. The dysregulation of the Hpo pathway – resulting in an unchecked activation of YAP – culminates in the development of a broad range of human tumor types, including HCC. The abrogation of Mst1/2-mediated YAP phosphorylation permits YAP entry into the nucleus in murine models and functions similarly in human HCCs. Chemoresistance mechanisms displayed by HCC tumors occur in a YAP-dependent manner. The HCC specimens exhibit YAP overexpression, and YAP serves as an independent prognostic marker for disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with HCC. Recently, the small molecule inhibitor, verteporfin has been shown to attenuate YAP activity in murine models, perhaps offering a novel therapeutic approach for patients with advanced HCC.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, yes-associated-protein, Hippo signaling, liver cancer, hepatic malignanc
Geomagnetic Activity Index Hpo
No full textThe geomagnetic activity index Kp is widely used but is restricted by low time resolution (3-hourly) and an upper limit. To address this, new geomagnetic activity indices, Hpo, are introduced. Similar to Kp, Hpo expresses the level of planetary geomagnetic activity in units of thirds (0o, 0+, 1-, 1o, 1+, 2-, horizontal ellipsis ) based on the magnitude of geomagnetic disturbances observed at subauroral observatories. Hpo has a higher time resolution than Kp. 30-min (Hp30) and 60-min (Hp60) indices are produced. The frequency distribution of Hpo is designed to be similar to that of Kp so that Hpo may be used as a higher time-resolution alternative to Kp. Unlike Kp, which is capped at 9o, Hpo is an open-ended index and thus can characterize severe geomagnetic storms more accurately. Hp30, Hp60 and corresponding linearly scaled ap30 and ap60 are available, in near real time, at the GFZ website (https://www.gfz-potsdam.de/en/hpo-index)
Par-1 interacts with Hpo-Sav and regulates the phosphorylation of Hpo at Ser30.
No full text<p>(A–B) Par-1 interacts with Hpo and Sav <i>in vitro</i>. S2 cells were transfected with HA-tagged full-length or truncated Par-1 and Hpo (A) or Sav (B) constructs. The cell lysates were immunoprecipitated, followed by Western blot analysis with the indicated antibodies. Note that weak binding (asterisk indicated) between full-length Par-1/Par-1-C and Hpo and Sav were detected, whereas the N-terminal truncation of Par-1, which contained the kinase domain, showed a much stronger interaction signal. (C) Par-1 induces phosphorylation shift of Hpo-KD <i>in vitro</i>. S2 cells were transfected with the indicated constructs. The cell lysates were subjected to phosphorylation mobility shift assays. Note the phosphorylation shift of Hpo-KD in the presence of Par-1. Phos-tag was used to enhance the phosphorylation shift (see <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001620#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a> for further details). (D) Par-1 regulates phosphorylation of Hpo-KD at Ser30 in S2 cells. S2 cells were transfected with the indicated constructs. The cell lysates were subjected to a phosphorylation mobility shift assay. The Hpo Ser30 site was mutated to an alanine. Note that the Hpo(S30A) mutant did not shift in the presence of Par-1. (E–F) Par-1 induces the phosphorylation of Hpo-KD at Ser30 in S2 cells. S2 cells were transfected with the indicated constructs. The cell lysates were subjected to Western blot analyses. Note that the phospho Hpo(Ser30) antibody could only detect Par-1-induced phosphorylation in the Hpo-KD samples but not in the Hpo(Ser30) mutant samples. The asterisks indicate non-specific bands. Lambda-PP indicates λ-phosphatase. (G) Par-1 inhibits Hpo(Thr195) phosphorylation. S2 cells were transfected with the indicated constructs. The cell lysates were immunoprecipitated, followed by Western blot analyses to detect p-Hpo(Thr195) levels. Note that Par-1 inhibited Hpo(Thr195) phosphorylation in a kinase-dependent manner, whereas the Hpo(S30A) mutant could not be inhibited. (H) Quantification of p-Hpo(Thr195) levels. p-Hpo(Thr195) levels were quantified using densitometry. The results were expressed as the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. *<i>p</i><0.05. (I) Hpo(S30A) results in a higher phosphorylation shift of Yki. S2 cells were transfected with the indicated constructs. The cell lysates were subjected to a phosphorylation mobility shift assay. Note that the phosphorylation shift of Yki was enhanced in the presence of Hpo(S30A) and that the Hpo(S30A) mutant was resistant to Par-1 induced Yki dephosphorylation. (J–K) Hpo(S30A) shows enhanced activity compared with wild-type Hpo <i>in vivo</i>. Control wings (J) or wings expressing <i>UAS-Hpo</i> (J′) or <i>UAS-Hpo(S30A)</i> (J″) with <i>C765</i> were shown. The relative wing size was quantified using an unpaired <i>t</i>-test (K). The results represented the mean ± SEM.*<i>p</i><0.05, **<i>p</i><0.01, ***<i>p</i><0.001 (<i>n</i>>6) for each genotype. Note that the Hpo(S30A) flies exhibited smaller wings than the Hpo flies.</p
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