15 research outputs found
Molecular Targets and Associated Potential Pathways of Danlu Capsules in Hyperplasia of Mammary Glands Based on Systems Pharmacology
No full textHyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG) is common in middle-aged women. Danlu capsules (DLCs) can effectively relieve pain and improve clinical symptoms and are safe for treating HMG. However, the active substances in DLCs and the molecular mechanisms of DLCs in HMG remain unclear. This study identified the bioactive compounds and delineated the molecular targets and potential pathways of DLCs by using a systems pharmacology approach. The candidate compounds were retrieved from the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology (TCMSP) database and analysis platform. Each candidate’s druggability was analyzed according to its oral bioavailability and drug-likeness indices. The candidate proteins and genes were extracted in the TCMSP and UniProt Knowledgebase, respectively. The potential pathways associated with the genes were identified by performing gene enrichment analysis with DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.7. A total of 603 compounds were obtained from DLCs, and 39 compounds and 66 targets associated with HMG were obtained. Gene enrichment analysis yielded 10 significant pathways with 34 targets. The integrated HMG pathway revealed that DLCs probably act in patients with HMG through multiple mechanisms of anti-inflammation, analgesic effects, and hormonal regulation. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of DLCs in HMG, from the molecular level to the pathway level.</jats:p
Number of the first author country in the field of EUS diagnosis.
No full text<p>Number of the first author country in the field of EUS diagnosis.</p
Overall Technical Design of Intercity EMUs
No full textAccording to position and function of intercity EMUs, the EMUs design principle was expounded, and top-level technical index of the EMUs was researched. Overall design of vehicles clearance, vehicles power supply, speed levels, passenger carrying capacity, axle load, traction and brake was discussed in detail. Intercity EMUs type spectrum of CINOVA technical platform was introduced, as well as development and 0.3 million km operation of the EMUs
从“乡约”分析论罗近溪的政教观 = Political and cultivation concepts of Luo Jin-xi from the analysis on his village covenants
No full text罗汝芳，字惟德，号罗近溪，是明中叶阳明后学泰州学派始祖王心斋的二传弟子，被誉为“泰州派中唯一特出者”。其理论除了继承孔孟的仁学及阳明心学，强调身心一体的“良知学”道德修为外，更以新的理论诠释孟子“赤子之心”之说，发展出“捧茶童子却是道”、“破除光景”等见解。 明朝初期，明高祖朱元璋有意恢复成周之治，通过制定俗称“老人制度”的乡约条规使民得教，更留有后为泰州学派所广为推崇的“圣谕六言”。为此，阳明曾亲手起草《南赣乡约》，用约法的形式约束民之恶习，以期达到借鉴之效。而王心斋极其重视“圣谕六言”，传至近溪时，他更是进一步将“圣谕六言”权威化，并极力将高祖的形象神圣化。值得考究的是，近溪之所以如此做，其真正目的究竟为何，是为了维护政权教化的合法性或只是利用其为自己的学说建立权威依据，或只是其传达孔孟学说的手段之一？同时，近溪也积极致力于讲学运动，在其任职地区制定乡约并大肆推广“圣谕六言”之余，更主张从自我实践觉悟“道”的重要性，并强调“现成良知”的工夫论。在个人修为方面，其类似“功过格”的日记习惯及对“静坐”工夫的重视，也可看出在近溪不完全排斥释老之学在思想实践上的帮助，不免被疑是“近禅”、“道学”之流。 此外，虽然儒、释、道三教合流是明末学说的一个趋向，然近溪援释道入儒，是遵循师道亦或是“觉民行道”的手段之一，与其积极付诸努力推广的君道是否有必然的联系，亦是本文研究重点。因此本文着重于通过乡约探索近溪的政教观，而从近溪乡约推行实践中所隐含佛道德色彩，亦可窥见晚明三教合流与政教关联之风潮。Luo Ru-fang (罗汝芳, Luo Ru-fang), who was named Wei-de(惟德, Wei-de), or otherwise known as Luo Jin-xi (罗近溪, Luo Jin-xi), is a member of the Tai-zhou Sect (泰州学派, Taizhou xuepai), a branch of the late Ming Yang-Ming philosophy movement. His learning was previously describes as “unique”, in the sense that other than inheriting traditional themes in the movement, Luo had proposed extensions based on new interpretations of Mencius’s classics. A seldom discussed but equally significant development, however, is Luo’s attitude towards the “Six Words from the Imperial Edict” (圣谕六言, shengyu liuyan) by Zhu Yuan-zhang (朱元璋, Zhu Yuan-zhang). During the early Ming era, in an effort to revive the golden age of Zhou dynasty, Zhu had promulgated the “Elderly Policy” (老人制度, laoren zhidu) as a means of moral education. A by-product from the edicts ordering this System in place was what later came to be known as the “Six Words from the Imperial Edict”. Philosophers from the Tai-zhou Sect, following Yang-Ming’s lead, had traditionally assigned great importance to these Six Words. Luo was no exception, but we see that Luo had pushed such significance to an extreme, drawing upon it as an ontological basis and a source of authority. Whether intended or not, such efforts have led to the immortalization of Zhu in Luo’s writings. This leads this paper questions Luo’s intentions in his efforts. Was it an effort to justify the government orthodoxy? Was it to lend credit to his philosophical innovations? Or was it merely a means of communicating Confucianism? On the other hand, we see that Luo had practiced Taoist conventions in cultivating the mind and body while preaching Confucianism. He had, for example, emphasized meditation and kept dairies on daily wrong doings (gong-guo ge). This reveals the synthetic nature of Luo’s learning; he is a Confucian who does not reject the practical benefits of Taoist and Buddhist conventions in cultivating the mind and body. Previous studies have pointed to the fact that such a synthetic nature of Neo-Confucianism is a product of times, in Luo’s case however, this paper wishes to explore his attitude towards the two “heretical” religions, i.e. Taoism and Buddhism. Was his adaptation of them a subconscious product inherited from his teacher? Or was it a conscious means of proselytization? Furthermore, is there an interaction between his intentions in adapting Taoism and justifying the government orthodoxy? These unanswered questions are critical towards understanding Luo as a philosopher of his time and thus warrants discussion.Bachelor of Art
从“乡约”分析论罗近溪的政教观 = Political and cultivation concepts of Luo Jin-xi from the analysis on his village covenants
No full text罗汝芳，字惟德，号罗近溪，是明中叶阳明后学泰州学派始祖王心斋的二传弟子，被誉为“泰州派中唯一特出者”。其理论除了继承孔孟的仁学及阳明心学，强调身心一体的“良知学”道德修为外，更以新的理论诠释孟子“赤子之心”之说，发展出“捧茶童子却是道”、“破除光景”等见解。 明朝初期，明高祖朱元璋有意恢复成周之治，通过制定俗称“老人制度”的乡约条规使民得教，更留有后为泰州学派所广为推崇的“圣谕六言”。为此，阳明曾亲手起草《南赣乡约》，用约法的形式约束民之恶习，以期达到借鉴之效。而王心斋极其重视“圣谕六言”，传至近溪时，他更是进一步将“圣谕六言”权威化，并极力将高祖的形象神圣化。值得考究的是，近溪之所以如此做，其真正目的究竟为何，是为了维护政权教化的合法性或只是利用其为自己的学说建立权威依据，或只是其传达孔孟学说的手段之一？同时，近溪也积极致力于讲学运动，在其任职地区制定乡约并大肆推广“圣谕六言”之余，更主张从自我实践觉悟“道”的重要性，并强调“现成良知”的工夫论。在个人修为方面，其类似“功过格”的日记习惯及对“静坐”工夫的重视，也可看出在近溪不完全排斥释老之学在思想实践上的帮助，不免被疑是“近禅”、“道学”之流。 此外，虽然儒、释、道三教合流是明末学说的一个趋向，然近溪援释道入儒，是遵循师道亦或是“觉民行道”的手段之一，与其积极付诸努力推广的君道是否有必然的联系，亦是本文研究重点。因此本文着重于通过乡约探索近溪的政教观，而从近溪乡约推行实践中所隐含佛道德色彩，亦可窥见晚明三教合流与政教关联之风潮。Luo Ru-fang (罗汝芳, Luo Ru-fang), who was named Wei-de(惟德, Wei-de), or otherwise known as Luo Jin-xi (罗近溪, Luo Jin-xi), is a member of the Tai-zhou Sect (泰州学派, Taizhou xuepai), a branch of the late Ming Yang-Ming philosophy movement. His learning was previously describes as “unique”, in the sense that other than inheriting traditional themes in the movement, Luo had proposed extensions based on new interpretations of Mencius’s classics. A seldom discussed but equally significant development, however, is Luo’s attitude towards the “Six Words from the Imperial Edict” (圣谕六言, shengyu liuyan) by Zhu Yuan-zhang (朱元璋, Zhu Yuan-zhang). During the early Ming era, in an effort to revive the golden age of Zhou dynasty, Zhu had promulgated the “Elderly Policy” (老人制度, laoren zhidu) as a means of moral education. A by-product from the edicts ordering this System in place was what later came to be known as the “Six Words from the Imperial Edict”. Philosophers from the Tai-zhou Sect, following Yang-Ming’s lead, had traditionally assigned great importance to these Six Words. Luo was no exception, but we see that Luo had pushed such significance to an extreme, drawing upon it as an ontological basis and a source of authority. Whether intended or not, such efforts have led to the immortalization of Zhu in Luo’s writings. This leads this paper questions Luo’s intentions in his efforts. Was it an effort to justify the government orthodoxy? Was it to lend credit to his philosophical innovations? Or was it merely a means of communicating Confucianism? On the other hand, we see that Luo had practiced Taoist conventions in cultivating the mind and body while preaching Confucianism. He had, for example, emphasized meditation and kept dairies on daily wrong doings (gong-guo ge). This reveals the synthetic nature of Luo’s learning; he is a Confucian who does not reject the practical benefits of Taoist and Buddhist conventions in cultivating the mind and body. Previous studies have pointed to the fact that such a synthetic nature of Neo-Confucianism is a product of times, in Luo’s case however, this paper wishes to explore his attitude towards the two “heretical” religions, i.e. Taoism and Buddhism. Was his adaptation of them a subconscious product inherited from his teacher? Or was it a conscious means of proselytization? Furthermore, is there an interaction between his intentions in adapting Taoism and justifying the government orthodoxy? These unanswered questions are critical towards understanding Luo as a philosopher of his time and thus warrants discussion.Bachelor of Art
Development of Intercity EMUs Brake System
No full textThe braking system design proposal on CRH6 intercity EMUs was introduced. According to the transport demand, the difficulty for development of the braking system was analyzed, and the top design indexes for braking system were indentified. Also, the component, the control, the safety guarantee, the deceleration define, empty and load adjustment, and etc of the braking system were illustrated, and the validation was introduced according to the calculation and routine test
Examining the Influence of Crop Residue Burning on Local PM2.5 Concentrations in Heilongjiang Province Using Ground Observation and Remote Sensing Data
No full textAlthough a many studies concerning crop residue burning have been conducted, the influence of crop residue burning on local PM2.5 concentrations remains unclear. The number of crop residue burning spots was the highest in Heilongjiang province and we extracted crop residue burning spots for this region using MOD14A1 (Thermal Anomalies & Fire Daily L3 Global 1 km) data and national land cover data. By analyzing the temporal variation of crop residue burning and PM2.5 concentrations in Heilongjiang province, we found that the total number of crop residue burning spots was not correlated with the variations of PM2.5 concentrations at a provincial (regional) scale. However, crop residue burning exerted notable influence on the variations of PM2.5 concentrations at a local scale. We experimented with a set of buffer zone radiuses to examine the influencing area of crop residue burning. The results suggest that the valid influencing area of crop residue burning was between 50 and 80 km. The mean PM2.5 concentration measured at stations close to crop residue burning spots was more than 60 μg/m3 higher than that measured at stations not close to crop residue burning spots. However, no consistent, significant correlation existed between the existence of crop residue burning spots and local PM2.5 concentrations, indicating that local PM2.5 concentrations were influenced by a diversity of factors and not solely controlled by crop residue burning. This research also provides suggestions for better understanding the role of crop residue burning in local and regional air pollution
Understanding meteorological influences on PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations across China: a temporal and spatial perspective
No full textAbstract. With frequent haze events in China, growing research emphasis has been put on quantifying meteorological influences on PM2.5 concentrations. However, these studies mainly focus on isolated cities whilst meteorological influences on PM2.5 concentrations at the national scale have yet been examined comprehensively. This research employs the CCM (Cross Convergent Mapping) method to understand the causality influence of individual meteorological factors on local PM2.5 concentrations in 189 monitoring cities across China. Results indicate that meteorological influences on PM2.5 concentrations are of notable seasonal and regional variations. Generally, the higher PM2.5 concentrations, the larger influences meteorological factors exert on PM2.5 concentrations. The dominant meteorological influence for PM2.5 concentrations varies across locations and demonstrates regional similarities. For the most polluted winter, the dominant meteorological driver for local PM2.5 concentrations is mainly the wind within the North China region whilst precipitation is the dominant meteorological influence for most coastal regions. At the national scale, temperature, humidity, wind and air pressure exert stronger influences on PM2.5 concentrations than other meteorological factors. Due to notable temporal and spatial differences in meteorological influences on local PM2.5 concentrations, this research suggests pertinent environmental projects for air quality improvement should be designed accordingly for specific regions.
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Understanding meteorological influences on PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations across China: a temporal and spatial perspective
No full textAbstract. With frequent air pollution episodes in China, growing research emphasis has been put on quantifying meteorological influences on PM2.5 concentrations. However, these studies mainly focus on isolated cities, whilst meteorological influences on PM2.5 concentrations at the national scale have not yet been examined comprehensively. This research employs the CCM (convergent cross-mapping) method to understand the influence of individual meteorological factors on local PM2.5 concentrations in 188 monitoring cities across China. Results indicate that meteorological influences on PM2.5 concentrations have notable seasonal and regional variations. For the heavily polluted North China region, when PM2.5 concentrations are high, meteorological influences on PM2.5 concentrations are strong. The dominant meteorological influence for PM2.5 concentrations varies across locations and demonstrates regional similarities. For the most polluted winter, the dominant meteorological driver for local PM2.5 concentrations is mainly the wind within the North China region, whilst precipitation is the dominant meteorological influence for most coastal regions. At the national scale, the influence of temperature, humidity and wind on PM2.5 concentrations is much larger than that of other meteorological factors. Amongst eight factors, temperature exerts the strongest and most stable influence on national PM2.5 concentrations in all seasons. Due to notable temporal and spatial differences in meteorological influences on local PM2.5 concentrations, this research suggests pertinent environmental projects for air quality improvement should be designed accordingly for specific regions.
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Understanding Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Crop Residue Burning in China from 2003 to 2017 Using MODIS Data
No full textCrop residue burning, which is a convenient approach to process excessive crop straws, has a negative impact on local and regional air quality and soil structures. China, as a major agricultural country with a large population, should take more effective measures to control crop residue burning. In this case, a better understanding of long-term spatio-temporal variations of crop residue burning in China is required. The MODIS products MOD14A1/MYD14A1 were employed in this research. Meanwhile, due to the vast territory of China, we divided the study area into seven regions based on the national administrative divisions to examine crop residue burning in each region, respectively. The temporal analysis of crop residue burning in different regions demonstrates a fluctuated, but generally upward, trend from 2003 to 2017. For monthly variations of crop residue burning in different regions, detected fire spots in June mainly concentrated in Central China (CC), East China (EC), and North China (NC). A majority of detected fire spots in Northeast China (NEC) and Northwest China (NWC) appeared in April and October. For other months, a small number of fire spots were distributed in all regions in a scattered manner. Furthermore, from a spatio-temporal perspective, this research revealed that crop residue burning in NEC was the most active among all regions both in spring and autumn. For summer, EC holds a larger proportion of burning spots than other regions. For winter, the number of burning spots in most regions was close. This research conducts a comprehensive analysis of crop residue burning in China at both a national and regional scale. The methodology and results from this research provide useful reference for better monitoring and controlling crop residue burning in China
