330 research outputs found
Museumplein (Museum Square)
No full textSouth west corner of the park facing Van Baerlestraat, a tilted green roof over the underground supermarket; This area of Amsterdam was originally controlled by wealthy private owners in the mid-nineteenth century, who developed the area around the Vondelpark. Finally in 1877, the director of the Public Works Service, J. Kalff, drew up an expansion plan in order to steer the building work in the right direction. The plan consisted of a ring of districts around the center of the city, with an open wedge-shaped area behind the Rijksmuseum between P.C. Hooft Street and Boerenwetering. Meanwhile cultural buildings were established in this district: the privately financed Concertgebouw (1888) by Adolf Leonard van Gendt, the Stedelijk Museum (1893-1895) by A. W. Weissman and the Rijksmuseum (1876-1885) by P. J. H. Cuypers, all in a Renaissance Revival style. It was only in 1902, with the approval of the revised 1891 plan from P.J.H. Cuypers, that the definitive decision was taken in favor of a large, open museum square (largely green space) in the middle of a luxury residential area. The Museumplein (which now includes the Van Gogh Museum) was reconstructed after a design by the Swedish/Danish landscape architect Sven-Ingvar Andersson in 1999. It now includes underground parking spaces and an underground supermarket. In the winter, the pond can be transformed into an artificial ice skating area. Source: City of Amsterdam Museumplein Online Exhibit; http://www.tentoonstellingmuseumplein.nl/ (accessed 7/15/2014
verkenning van technische, economische.
No full textAutomatisering van de fabricage. EenDeventer, Kluwer, 1985Door R. H. Bilderbeek, P. J. Kalff,P.Prakk
Bank Strategies in Euroland with Special Reference to the Benelux Area.
No full textIn its first part, the present essay focuses on one main thesis. The transition to full EMU and the introduction of the euro will have a more effect on European banking than the previous Single Market¨Project (Europe 1992). They deal directly with money, the basic material of banking, and they pave the way to more aggressive bank strategies. In conjunction with other factors, they not only induce "accomodating" reactions, mainly through cost-cutting, but also "autonomous restructurings" : less intermediation, more market activities and, most of all, external growth through M(ergers) and A(cquisitions). This significantly changes the structure and the policies of European banking. Recently important and controversial M and A have occurred in the Benelux area. In the second part of the essay, these developments are analysed in the just described framework. After a global overview two case studies are presented : ABN-AMRO, n° 1 in the Netherlands; the Generale Bank, n° 1 in Belgium. The main conclusion is that the rationale behind the recent M and A is not mere size, but also accelerated rationalisation and penetration in foreign domestic markets, which was previously hampered by defensive and ultimately self-defeating strategies of strengthening the mere national domestic base. However, at the present stage, the importance of institutional resistance, even in small neighbouring countries, should not be under-estimated. Hence, cross-border restructurings in European banking will only increase gradually.EMU, euro, bankstrategies, Benelux financial systems.
Large-scale atom manipulation on an ionic surface and its prospects
No full textIn this thesis, a technique is developed to manipulate individual atoms on an ionic surface, with great precision and at a large scale, to study the quantum mechanical properties of atomic assemblies on the nanoscale.We use the needle of a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) to approach missing atoms - vacancies - in a chlorine monolayer on a copper crystal, inducing a neighbouring Cl atom to jump to the vacancy position by ramping up the tunnel current. This procedure is automated - with sometimes up to 99% reliability - to construct a 1 kB memory where each bit is represented by an atom-vacancy pair. The data storage is stable at low temperatures and can be rewritten automatically, leading to an information density of 502 terabits per square inch, or 0.778 bits/nm^2.Atom manipulation is then used to build other one- and two-dimensional structures with varying sizes and atom densities. In artificial crystals made of vacancies, standing wave patterns are observed at certain energies, suggesting that it is possible to tune electronic properties of the material, such as the dispersion, by controlling the local geometry with atomic assembly.In the rest of the thesis, more structures were built by atom manipulation in order to investigate the coupling between assemblies of vacancies that form 'artificial molecules'. Resonances in scanning tunnelling spectroscopy measurements indicate the existence of quantum dots on the apex of the STM tip, of which the properties are explored. The chlorine terminated copper surface is also investigated for its use as a decoupling layer suitable for magnetic adatoms.Casimir PhD series, Delft-Leiden 2018-35QN/Otte La
The Four-Colour Theorem: History and Proof
No full textThe four-colour conjecture (4CC) is a question that asks whether any map can be coloured using only four colours, with the constraint that neighboring countries must have distinct colours. This conjecture has re- mained unanswered for over 170 years, with a rich history of various attempts to prove it. In 1879, Kempe put forward a proof, but it was invalidated by Heawood after 11 years. Heawood did succeed, however, in prov- ing the weaker five-colour theorem. It wasn’t until 1976 that the first genuine proof was discovered by Appel and Haken. This proof sparked controversy due to its reliance on approximately 1200 hours of computer computation, making it unverifiable by hand.The purpose of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview of the historical background and re- cent advancements in the four-colour theorem. It will delve into the numerous failed attempts to prove the conjecture and discuss the groundbreaking proof by Appel and Haken. Additionally, it will explore a recent endeavor by Dr. Xiang, who approached the problem from a different perspective but also encountered a fallacy in his work. The main contribution of this thesis involves a new proof that builds upon the research of Dr. Yeh, who attempted to prove the four-colour theorem by transforming it into a system of linear equa- tions. The missing crucial steps will be addressed for whose correction new ideas will be introduced, using an integral version of Farkas’ lemma and superadditivity. The ideas being researched do not finalize the proof but contribute towards a possible elegant proof in the future. Finally, related topics such as maps on different surfaces and maps with disconnected regions will be considered, broadening the scope of the discussion.Applied Mathematic
Grading control on quarried rock
No full textProbabilistic analysis of the control of grading of quarried rock, using the Rosin-Rammler distribution. with case study for the breakwaters of the port of Ennore, IndiaHydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
A decision support model for repair scheduling of defect train sets
No full textDefects that occur on train sets have to be repaired in a repair location and this has consequences on the transportation network. This paper proposes a decision support model that is developed for optimising the decisions of when and where to repair that defect train set. In practice, there is no clear overview of the effects of such decisions on the overall system. This paper first describes the current decision process including the considerations for decision making. Then a mathematical model is developed and tested with multiple scenarios of varying repairing times and Q times. The results show that the proposed decision support model provides significant improvements compared to the current approach and can save even millions of euros. However, more research is required in order to ensure the real-time performance of the methodology.Marine Technology | Transport Engineering and Logistic
Benthic bacterial production in Eastern Townships and Laurentian lakes
No full textThe H thymidine incorporation (TTI) method has been frequently used to estimate benthic bacterial production rates in well oxygenated marine and river sediments, but not in the frequently more reduced lake sediments. In chapter 1, I evaluate the published sediment production literature and examine useful predictors of in situ bacterial production in mostly marine and riverine sediments. In chapters 2 and 3, I estimated and compared benthic production rates by TTI, frequency of dividing cells (FDC), the dilution method (DIL) and sediment respiration (SR) in 13 Quebec lakes to assess the reliability of the TTI based production rates. The TTI method was first calibrated, but despite keeping incubation times short and at in situ temperature, using optimal sediment volumes to saturate H thymidine (TdR) uptake rates, and correcting production rates for H-DNA recovery efficiencies, only a maximum of 10% of H TdR was incorporated into DNA and only extracellular isotope dilution could be accounted for (chapter 2). Most problematic, however, is the increasing presence of active bacteria unable to take up and incorporate TdR as lake sediments become more reduced (chapter 3). TTI based results are also not nearly as well correlated to environmental factors as those obtained from SR. (Abstract shortened by UMI.
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