57 research outputs found
Phytochemical Elucidation and Antioxidant Activity of Seeds from Three Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) Cultivars from Algeria
No full textIn this study, the characterization of fatty acids and secondary metabolites in seeds of three cultivars of Opuntia ficus-indica L. (O. ficus-indica, yellow, orange, and green) harvested from the Souk Ahras area in Northeast Algeria was performed. The antioxidant activity of seed extracts was also assessed by using two methods, namely FRAP and DPPH tests. Results show that total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 63.02 to 81.80 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g of seeds. The yellow cultivar had the highest TPC, followed by the orange and green cultivars. Concerning flavonoids and tannins, the orange cultivar showed higher concentrations, corresponding to 2.97 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/100 g and 5.60 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, respectively. Analysis of the seed extracts by HPLC revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, including gallic acid and chlorogenic acid, while the GC analysis of oil showed that prickly pear oil is a major source of essential fatty acids (C18:2). The antioxidant activities of extracts from the three cultivars were comparable. The EC50 for the reduction of ferric iron was almost 0.05 g/mL for all extracts. Regarding the scavenging of DPPH, green and yellow cultivars showed the highest capacity (EC50 = 0.26 g/mL). Linear correlations between the content of some antioxidants (flavonoids, tannins) and different activities were observed, indicating their participation in the latter. Above all, a significant inverse correlation between the total flavonoid content and the EC50 calculated for the reducing activity of seed extracts was observed (r = -0.657; p <= 0.05). Overall, the results indicate that the seeds of O. ficus-indica growing in Algeria can be exploited as valuable sources of table oil, cooking oil, and antioxidants
Biological activity of ethanol extract from leaves of Rosmarinus eriocalyx
No full textAging or senescence is a complex and inevitable process, which is not only attributed to individual genetic variation but also to external factors such as environmental conditions, nutrition, alcohol, and diseases [1]. The most widely accepted theory, that have been proposed to explain aging, is the free radical theory [2]. Aging and related diseases result from accumulated oxidative damage to cell constituents and tissues caused by excessive exposure to free radicals. Antioxidants, which mediate the imbalance between intracellular antioxidant defenses and oxidative damage by reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, are believe to be able to reduce stress-induced premature senescence or slow down replicative senescence [3].
Rosmarinus eriocalyx (Jord. & Fourr.) is an aromatic evergreen bush belonging to Lamiaceae family and endemic to Algeria, Morocco and Spain, where it is used as a condiment to flavor soup and meat and as a traditional remedy [4]. The plant volatile fraction is characterized by the monoterpene ketone camphor, whereas its ethanolic extracts are rich sources of phenolic acids and diterpenes such as rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid and carnosol that are the main responsible for the noteworthy antioxidant activity [5].
In this setting, we aimed to evaluate R. eriocalyx biological activity in order to propose the plant as an anti-aging agent. For this purpose, we determined the cytotoxic activity of polar extracts obtained from leaves, flowers, and stems of R. eriocalyx on human fibroblast and human tumor cell lines (A375, MDA-MB 231, and T98G) by MTT assay [6]. Results showed that the ethanolic extract of leaves resulted the most active against A375 human melanoma cell line (IC50 value of 17.8 μg/ml). The total phenolic content values reported for R. eriocalyx ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed slight differences and free radical scavenging activity was stronger for ethanolic extracts than aqueous ones. On this basis, we selected the R. eriocalyx ethanolic extract to determine the antioxidant activity on human fibroblast by measuring its ability to prevent oxidation in cells using a ROS fluorescent probe (DCFH-DA) [7]. Results showed a remarkable activity in preventing oxidation of cells induced by 2.2’-azobis -2-amidinopropane (ABAP). Afterwards, we tested the same extract on the H2O2-induced premature senescence in young fibroblast cells where -galactosidase (SA--gal) activity was used to measure cell senescence [8]. Preliminary data showed a reduction of H2O2 stress-induced premature senescence indicating the potential of R. eriocalyx leaf extract to be formulated as an anti-aging agent.
References
[1] N. Getoff. Anti-aging and aging factors in life. The role of free radicals. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 2007, 76,1577-1586.
[2] D. Harman. Aging: a theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry. J. Gerontol. 1956, 11, 298-300.
[3] D. Fusco, G. Colloca, M.R. Lo Monaco, M. Cesari. Effects of antioxidant supplementation on the aging process. Clin. Interv. Aging. 2007, 2, 377-387.
[4] M.S. Bendeddouche, H. Benhassaini, Z. Hazem, A. Romane. Essential oil analysis and antibacterial activity of Rosmarinus tournefortii from Algeria. Nat. Prod. Commun. 2011, 6, 1511-1514.
[5] H. Bendif, M. Boudjeniba, M. Djamel Miara, L. Biqiku, M. Bramucci, G. Caprioli, G. Lupidi, L. Quassinti, G. Sagratini, L.A. Vitali, S. Vittori, F. Maggi. Rosmarinus eriocalyx: An alternative to Rosmarinus officinalis as a source of antioxidant compounds. Food Chem. 2017, 218, 78-88.
[6] L. Quassinti, G. Lupidi, F. Maggi, F. Papa, S. Vittori, A. Bianco, M. Bramucci . Antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of Hypericum hircinum L. subsp. majus (Aiton) N. Robson essential oil. Nat. Prod. Res. 2013, 27, 862-868.
[7] K.L. Wolfe, R.H. Liu. Cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assay for assessing antioxidants, foods, and dietary supplements. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2007, 55, 8896-8907.
[8] D.J. Kurz, S. Decary, Y. Hong, J.D. Erusalimsky. Senescence-associated -galactosidase reflects an increase in lysosomal mass during replicative ageing of human endothelial cells. J. Cell Sci. 2000, 113, 3613–3622
A new chemotype with high tricyclene content from the essential oil of Salvia aegyptiaca L. growing in Algerian Pre-Sahara
No full textThe essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Salvia aegyptiaca L. (Lamiaceae) growing wild in pre-Saharan region of Algeria, was analysed by GC-MS. Forty-one compounds were detected, representing 87.9% of the whole oil. The essential oil of S. aegyptiaca is characterized by the predominance of mono- terpene derivatives (70.6%). The major constituents were tricyclene (22.9%), followed by limonene (17.5%), b-pinene (7.4%), caryophyl- lene oxide (3.2%) and b-caryophyllene (3.1%). Tricyclene, the main component in our analysis is generally absent in the volatile oils from other Salvia species, therefore, the Algerian accession of S. aegyptiaca may be categorized as a new chemo-type
A new chemotype with high tricyclene content from the essential oil of Salvia aegyptiaca L. growing in Algerian Pre-Sahara
No full textThe essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Salvia aegyptiaca L. (Lamiaceae) growing wild in pre-Saharan region of Algeria, was analysed by GC-MS. Forty-one compounds were detected, representing 87.9% of the whole oil. The essential oil of S. aegyptiaca is characterized by the predominance of monoterpene derivatives (70.6%). The major constituents were tricyclene (22.9%), followed by limonene (17.5%), β-pinene (7.4%), caryophyllene oxide (3.2%) and β-caryophyllene (3.1%). Tricyclene, the main component in our analysis is generally absent in the volatile oils from other Salvia species, therefore, the Algerian accession of S. aegyptiaca may be categorized as a new chemo-type
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil from daucus reboudii coss., an endemic plant of Algeria
No full textRosmarinus eriocalyx from Algeria: NMR and HPLC/MSn Analyses of phytoconstituents
No full textnot availabl
Chemical constituents and anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil of Algerian Elaeoselinum thapsioides (desf.) maire
No full textElaeoselinum thapsioides is an Algerian medicinal plant used in traditional medicine to treat different diseases. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Elaeoselinum thapsioides (Desf.) Maire (Apiaceae) growing wild in Algeria, was analyzed by GC-MS for the first time. Forty-five compounds were detected, accounting for 93.8% of the total oil, which was characterized by a high content of hydrocarbons derivatives of monoterpenes (75.9%). Myrcene (61.0%) was the principal constituent of the essential oil, followed by germacrene D (10.3%), α-pinene (6.5%) and β-pinene (2.9%). In vitro anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil was investigated by the Ellman method that evidenced a low acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory effect
Total phytochemical analysis of Thymus munbyanus subsp. coloratus from Algeria by HS-SPME-GC-MS, NMR and HPLC-MSn studies
No full textChemotypification of Thymus munbyanus subsp. coloratus (Boiss. & Reut.) Greuter & Burdet (Lamiaceae) essential-oil
No full textThymus munbyanus subsp. coloratus (Boiss. & Reut.) Greuter & Burdet (Lamiaceae) is a
small shrub endemic to Algeria and Morocco where it’s found in lawns, rockeries and
mountainous regions. From a phytochemical point of view this taxon has never been
characterized. In this work we have analyzed the chemical compositions of the essential oils
obtained from inflorescences and vegetative parts of Thymus munbyanus subsp. coloratus
from Algeria by GC/MS. A total of 109 volatile components were identified in the two
samples (103 in stems and leaves, 102 in inflorescences) accounting for 98.4 – 98.7% of the
total compositions. Overall, they showed similar chemical profiles. The two essential oils
were dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes (68.2% in flowers and 59.4% in vegetative
parts), followed by monoterpene hydrocarbons (12.1% and 24.4%, respectively),
sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (11.0% and 8.5%, respectively) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes
(6.7% and 4.9%, respectively). The major oil constituent was borneol accounting for 44.8%
and 31.2% of flowers and aerial parts essential oils, respectively. A new chemotype, i.e.
borneol-chemotype, was characterized for the first time in the species
Medicinal plants and their traditional uses in the highlands region of Bordj Bou Arreridj (Northeast Algeria)
No full textIn the highlands of Bordj Bou Arreridj in Northeast Algeria, traditional knowledge about medicinal plants is still put to use, but has been poorly explored by researchers. In view of its natural and cultural richness and the socio-economic context, this area is an ideal location for the study of aromatic and medicinal plants and their traditional uses. The aim of this ethnobotanical study was to shed light on how medicinal plants are used in traditional phytotherapy in the region of Bordj Bou Arreridj. Over a two-year period (2014-2016), herbalists practicing phytotherapy in the region were surveyed, and asked to provide information about themselves and the plants they use (vernacular name, mode of preparation, parts used and toxicity). The data were analyzed in terms of the Use-Value of species (UV), Medicinal Informant Agreement Ratios (Med. IARs), Fidelity Level (FL) and the Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). Among the 51 herbalists interviewed, men dominated the practice of traditional phytotherapy. The majority of these herbalists, whose ages varied between 46 and 65, are illiterate. During the survey, 83 species of medicinal plants were identified. They belong to 66 genera and 37 botanical families, among which Lamiaceae were the most used. The herbalists most commonly used plant leaves, and for the most part, preferred to prepare the drug in the form of infusions. Origanum vulgare subsp. glandulosum (Desf.) Ietsw. Rosmarinus eriocalyx Jord.& Fourr. and Allium cepa L. are the plants with the most important UV. Thirty-eight species have maximum values for the Med IARs index while digestive diseases are those with the highest ICF value. Interviewees indicated 10 taxa possessing toxicity but did not indicate the toxicity limits of each plant. Taxonomic analysis allowed us to recognize several taxa having changed systematic positions and/or nomenclature. The chorological analysis led us to distinguish 6 endemic taxa and 13 taxa that are not native to the country. The importance of this study lies in the originality of the information obtained, which must be preserved and used by researchers in pharmacology and other fields. Particular interest should be devoted to the taxonomic and chorological aspects of medicinal plants in order to avoid common serious errors in this kind of research
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