75,094 research outputs found
Application of a gutter consistometer for evaluation of consistency of selected food products
No full textZaproponowano nowy konsystometr rynnowy do oceny konsystencji półpłynnych produktów żywnościowych. Uzyskano szereg istotnych i wysoko istotnych korelacji między drogą płynięcia, a parametrami Teologicznymi badanych cieczy. Stwierdzono przydatność konsystome-tru rynnowego do oceny konsystencji badanej grupy produktów żywnościowych.A new gutter consistometer was presented and tested for consistency assessment of selected semi-liquid food products. Numerous significant and highly significant correlations between the flow distance for different slope angles of the gutter and rheological parameters of products were found. Experiments showed the' applicability of the gutter consistometer for consistency evaluation of this class of food products
The Benefits of Being Economics Professor A (and not Z)
No full textAlphabetic name ordering on multi-authored academic papers, which is the convention in the economics discipline and various other disciplines, is to the advantage of people whose last name initials are placed early in the alphabet. As it turns out, Professor A, who has been a first author more often than Professor Z, will have published more articles and experienced afaster growth rate over the course of her career as a result of reputation and visibility. Moreover, authors know that name ordering matters and indeed take ordering seriously: Several characteristics of an author group composition determine the decision to deviate from the default alphabetic name order to a significant extent.performance measurement, incentives, economists, name ordering
Ernæringsstatus og vekst hos gutter med urethraklaffer
No full textBakgrunn: Urethraklaffer er en sjelden medfødt misdannelse som rammer nyrer og urinveier og kjennetegnes av obstruksjon av urinrøret. Misdannelsen regnes som en av de vanligste årsakene til kronisk nyresykdom hos gutter. Tilstanden kan medføre en rekke komplikasjoner og utfordringer som kan påvirke ernæringsstatus og vekst. Formålet med denne studien var å kartlegge ernæringsstatus hos gutter født med urethraklaffer (0-6 år) i form av vekstutvikling og inntak av energi- og makronæringsstoffer. Spiseutvikling og spiseproblemer ble også undersøkt. Metode: Kostdata ble samlet inn via to en-dags kostregistreringer med påfølgende telefonintervju av foresatte. Resultatene ble sammenliknet med anbefalinger fra Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012. Spiseutvikling og spiseproblemer ble kartlagt ved hjelp av et spørreskjema. Vekst ble vurdert ved hjelp av z-scores for lengde-for-alder, vekt-for-alder, vekt-for-lengde og KMI-for-alder ved 0-, 6-, 12-, 24- og 48-måneder, samt ved tidspunktet kostholdsundersøkelsen ble gjennomført. Vekstdata ble sammenliknet med WHOs vekststandard. Resultater: Det ble funnet variasjon i deltakernes gjennomsnittlige energiinntak. Kun aldersgruppen 2-4 år hadde et energiinntak i samsvar med anbefalingene. Aldersgruppen 1-2 år hadde et energiinntak høyere enn anbefalingene og for aldersgruppen 4-6 år var det lavere. Gjennomsnittlig inntak av makronæringsstoffer var i samsvar med anbefalingene med unntak av mettet fett, som var over anbefalingene. 81 % av deltakerne hadde et høyere inntak av mettet fett enn anbefalt. Halvparten av deltakerne hadde i følge de foresatte spiseproblemer. 25 % av deltakerne var stunted. Deltakerne i studien hadde lavere lengde-for-alder og vekt-for-alder enn WHOs vekststandard ved samtlige måletidspunkter. De hadde også lavere vekt-for-lengde og KMI-for-alder ved måletidspunktene 6- og 12-måneder. Konklusjon: Resultatene antyder at gutter født med urethraklaffer har nedsatt vekst i kombinasjon med et varierende energiinntak. Flertallet av barna hadde et energiinntak i tråd med anbefalingene eller over, men likevel nedsatt vekst sammenliknet med WHOs vekststandard. Dette kan tyde på at gutter med urethraklaffer kan ha et høyere energibehov enn de nasjonale anbefalingene. Det er behov for mer forskning og bedre oppfølging av vekst og ernæringsstatus hos gutter med urethraklaffer.
Final word on Jersey Dutch
No full textIn this article, William Z. Shetter compares and contrasts the dialects that developed between different Dutch colonies in the New World. He explores in-depth the nuances of Jersey Dutch, and provides theories to explain how Dutch and colonial languages blended. The article is reprinted from American Speech, December 1958, Volum XXXIII, No. 4
Production of the gutter hook
No full textBakalářská práce předkládá návrh technologie výroby háku okapového žlabu, který bude vyráběn z ocelového plechu 11 321 o tloušťce 5 mm. Na základě variantního řešení vhodných technologií byla navržena výroba ve sdruženém nástroji stříháním a ohýbáním, ke které byly provedeny technologické a konstrukční výpočty. Byl navržen nástroj, který vyděruje a ohne výslednou součástku ve 3 krocích. Dle hodnoty celkové síly byl pro výrobu navrhnut výrobní lis HMG 100 od firmy TVARtech – stroje. s.r.o., do kterého bude materiál odvíjen pomocí linky na zavádění svitků od firmy Coiltech.This bachelor thesis introduces a gutter hook technology production design made of 5 mm thick 11 321 steel sheet. Progressive die tool shearing and bending was chosen as the best production technology. Technology and structure calculations were done for this method. A three step hole punching bender tool has been designed. HMG 100 press produced by TVARtech company – stroje s.r.o. with a coil feeding line by Coiltech company was chosen for production in accordance with the power requirements.
Modeling Water Transport in Interlayered Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes: Gutter Effect vs Funnel Effect
No full textInterlayered thin-film nanocomposite (TFNi) membranes have experimentally demonstrated a great potential for achieving major gains in water permeance over conventional thin-film composite membranes, making them promising candidates for many environmental applications. Nevertheless, existing literature often reports contradicting observations on the effectiveness of interlayers. In this study, we implement a three-dimensional solution-diffusion model to analyze a geometry-induced funnel effect and an interlayer-promoted gutter effect. Our simulation results suggest that even an ultrathin interlayer of a few nanometers in thickness could serve as a low-resistance gutter layer, which minimizes the transversal water transport in the less permeable polyamide layer and thereby mitigate the unfavorable funnel effect. The actual available water permeance is bounded by the ideal polyamide-limited upper bound and the substrate-limited lower bound, with the interlayer regulating the competition between the funnel effect and the gutter effect. Water permeance can be potentially improved by an order of magnitude with the interlayer, and this enhancement is more pronounced for thinner polyamide layers, less porous substrates, and more permeable interlayers. We further analyze the role of the interlayer on improving the flux distribution/uniformity over a membrane surface, which has major implications on membrane fouling propensity. Our study establishes a theoretical framework for understanding the fundamental transport mechanisms in TFNi membranes, which provides important guidance on the future development of high-performance desalination membranes
Flow capacity of a horizontal gutter
No full textW normie PN-EN 12056-3- grudzień 2002 - Systemy kanalizacji grawitacyjnej wewnątrz budynków - część 3: Przewody deszczowe. Projektowanie układu i obliczenia, w załączniku C podana jesl tablica C.1. Wartości przepływu jednostkowego, stopień wypełnienia 70% (h/d = 0.7), w której podana jest przepustowość przewodów (rynien), z zastosowaniem chropowatości kb = 1,0 mm (niezwykle wysoka wartość!?). W tabeli (jak i w Normie) brak jest przepustowości rynny ułożonej poziomo, które to ułożenie jest dość rozpowszechnione. Podane w Normie przepustowości odniesione są do sytuacji, gdy na całej długości rynny mamy takie przepływy jak na jej wylocie (i taką samą głębokość), co nie odpowiada rzeczywistości.In Appendix C of the standard PN-EN 12056-3 - December 2002 - Gravitational drainage systems within buildings - Part 3: Rainwater conduits. Layout design and calculations, there appears Table C.1. Unit flow values, degree of filling 70% (hid = 0.7), in which the flow capacity of conduits (gutters) is given, based on a roughness of kb = 1.0 mm (an exceptionally high value). In the table (as in the standard) there is no reference to the flow capacity of a gutter placed horizontally, which is a fairly common arrangement. The capacities given in the standard refer to a situation where the flows (and the depth) on the entire length of the gutter are the same as at the outlet, which is not true in reality
Logarithmic variance profiles and the corresponding f-1 spectra of temperature fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection
No full textWe report experimental results for the temperature variance 2(z) and the corresponding frequency spectra P(f) in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) in a cylindrical sample of aspect ratioT= D/L = 1:00 (D = 1:12 m is the diameter and L = 1:12 m the height). The measurements were conducted in the Rayleigh-number range 1011 < Ra < 1:35 1014 and Pr ' 0:8. For Ra = 1:35x1014, 2(z) could be described well by a logarithmic dependence on the vertical position z in a range of z 1 < z < z 2 with z 1 ' 70 and z 2 = 0:1L. Here L=(2Nu) is the thickness of a thin thermal sublayer adjacent to the horizontal plate where the heat flux (denoted by the Nusselt number Nu) is carried mostly by thermal diffusion. In the log layer, we found that the temperature spectra had a significant frequency range over which P(f) f with close to 1. As Ra decreased, increased so that the log layer became thinner. At Ra = 2:05 1011, z 2 < z 1 and therefore there was no range for a log layer. Correspondingly, the temperature spectrum near the horizontal plate did not have the f1 scaling form either
Statistics of the subgrid scales after the shock-turbulence interaction
No full textThe interaction of a normal shock with isotropic turbulence (IT) represents a basic problem for studying some of the phenomena associated with high speed flows, such as hypersonic flight, supersonic combustion and Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). In general, in practical applications, the shock width is much smaller than the turbulence scales and the upstream turbulent Mach number is modest. In this case, recent high resolution shock-resolved Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) (Ryu and Livescu, J. Fluid Mech., 756, R1, 2014) show that the interaction can be described by the Linear Interaction Approximation (LIA). By using LIA to alleviate the need to solve the shock, DNS post-shock data can be generated at much higher Reynolds numbers than previously possible. Here, such results with Taylor Reynolds number around are used to investigate the properties of the subgrid scales (SGS). In particular, it is shown that the shock interaction decreases the asymmetry of the SGS dissipation PDF as the shock Mach number increases, with a significant enhancement in size of the regions and magnitude of backscatter
Transition to turbulence in a qblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction at M=15
No full textDirect numerical simulations are carried out for different forcing techniques to trigger transition during the interaction between an oblique shock-wave and a laminar boundary-layer at M = 1.5. Three forcing methods are used: a) forcing of oblique unstable modes, whose shape and behaviour are determined by the local linear stability theory, b) broadband free-stream acoustic disturbances, and c) a cold plasma flow control device. While the oblique-mode breakdown is dominant for low-amplitude forcing, long streaky structures drive the transition process in a high-amplitude disturbance environment. LES are also performed on the experimental setup by the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM) from Novosibirsk State University with cold plasma actuation. As well as the disturbance type, the effect of Reynolds number and forcing amplitude will be investigated
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