18,400 research outputs found
ADAM SMITH'S OPTIMISTIC TELEOLOGICAL VIEW OF HISTORY
No full textAdam Smith's four-stage theory provides the framework for his writings on history. The fourth stage is the commercial epoch; the culmination of history in this stage is a key component in the conventional interpretation of Adam Smith as a prophet of commercialism. In two historical case studies Smith shows the capacity of commercial society to regenerate itself. This potent capacity suggests that commercial society is inevitable. At a certain point in time it also overcomes the major obstacles to its permanence. Smith's philosophy of history anticipates the end of history views of Kant and Hegel.Political Economy,
Lampa neutronowa opis patentowy patentu tymczasowego nr 75283 /
No full textZgłoszono 28 września 1971 r.Zgłoszenie ogłoszono 30 maja 1973 r.Opublikowano 23 grudnia 1974 r.Nr zgłosz. P 150782.Tyt. z ekranu tyt.Pozostali współtwórcy wynalazku: Ryszard Gutowski, Czesław Jędrzejek, Adam Korytowski, Jerzy Massalski, Jacek Miłosz.Dostępny także w wersji drukowanej.Tryb dostępu: Internet
How Might Adam Smith Pay Professors Today?
No full textAdam Smith’s proposal for paying professors was intended to induce increased faculty knowledge. If students have imperfect information about what they learn, and universities can only imperfectly measure the input of faculty time in student learning, publications may be used to measure faculty knowledge. If professors’ ability to publish is positively related to their ability to produce student learning, which universities can imperfectly measure, publications may be necessary to attract more able professors. Since research signals faculty knowledge, schools that do not value publications per se could require higher publication standards and pay higher wages than schools that value only publications.
ADAM SMITH'S VIEW OF HISTORY: CONSISTENT OR PARADOXICAL?
No full textThe conventional interpretation of Adam Smith is that he is a prophet of commercialism. The liberal capitalist reading of Smith is consistent with the view that history culminates in commercial society. The first part of the article develops this optimistic interpretation of Smith's view of history. Smith implies that commercial society is the end of history because 1) it supplies the ends of nature that he identifies; 2) it is inevitable; and 3) it is permanent. The second part of the article shows that Smith has some dark moments in his writings where he seems to reject completely such teleological notions. In this more civic humanist mood he confesses that commercial society does not supply the ends of nature, nor is it inevitable, nor is it permanent. Both views exist in Smith and the commentator is forced to choose between passages in Smith's work in order to support a particular interpretation of the former's view of history.Political Economy,
Bezpośrednie stosowanie Konstytucji w orzecznictwie sądowym
No full textThis article tackles direct application of the provisions of the Constitution. It examines in detail allegations of the violation of constitutional norms, the question of pro-constitutional interpretation of legal regulations, the application of the provisions of the Constitution in conjunction with the lower rank laws and interpretation in the compliance with the Constitution. It also presents the problem of a possible refusal to apply the provisions on the basis of validation rules. This article is based on the concept presented in a monograph written in cooperation with Professor dr. hab. Piotr Kardas (M. Gutowski, P. Kardas, Interpretation and Application of Law in a Constitution-based Process, Warsaw, 2017). A special attention has been given to some decisions of common courts, extensively discussed in Chapter 7 of this monograph.Opracowanie odnosi się do problematyki bezpośredniego stosowania przepisów Konstytucji. Artykuł poddaje szczegółowej analizie ocenę zarzutów naruszenia norm konstytucyjnych, zagadnienie prokonstytucyjnej wykładni przepisów prawa, współstosowania przepisów Konstytucji i ustaw niższego rzędu oraz wykładni w zgodzie z Konstytucją. W publikacji przedstawiono także problem ewentualnej odmowy stosowania przepisów na podstawie reguł walidacyjnych. Pozycja ta opiera się na koncepcji przedstawionej w monografii powstałej we współautorstwie z prof. dr. hab. Piotrem Kardasem (M. Gutowski, P. Kardas, Wykładnia i stosowanie prawa w procesie opartym na Konstytucji, Warszawa 2017). W szczególności przedmiotem rozważań uczyniono część orzeczeń sądów powszechnych, obszernie omówionych w rozdziale 7 tej monografii
Adam Smith and Roman Servitudes
No full textThis essay is a preprint of an article that appeared at: Tijdschrift voor Rechstsgeschiedenis, 72 (2004), 327–57.This essay discusses Adam Smith historical jurisprudence and his use of Roman law materials in his Lectures on Jurisprudence. It argues that Smith found it difficult to maintain his theory of legal development in the face of a highly developed body of Roman law literature
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Interview. Matthew Joseph with Adam Gussow, musician and author
No full textInterview in which Adam Gussow discusses hill country blues musi
Online Coloring of Short Intervals
No full textWe study the online graph coloring problem restricted to the intersection graphs of intervals with lengths in . For it is the class of unit interval graphs, and for the class of all interval graphs. Our focus is on intermediary classes.
We present a -competitive algorithm, which beats the state of the art for , and proves that the problem we study can be strictly easier than online coloring of general interval graphs.
On the lower bound side, we prove that no algorithm is better than -competitive for any , nor better than -competitive for any , and that no algorithm beats the asymptotic competitive ratio for all, arbitrarily large, values of . That last result shows that the problem we study can be strictly harder than unit interval coloring. Our main technical contribution is a recursive composition of strategies, which seems essential to prove any lower bound higher than .APPROX 202
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