3,560,006 research outputs found
Tuberculosis Mortality and Living Conditions in Bern, Switzerland, 1856-1950.
No full textBACKGROUND
Tuberculosis (TB) is a poverty-related disease that is associated with poor living conditions. We studied TB mortality and living conditions in Bern between 1856 and 1950.
METHODS
We analysed cause-specific mortality based on mortality registers certified by autopsies, and public health reports 1856 to 1950 from the city council of Bern.
RESULTS
TB mortality was higher in the Black Quarter (550 per 100,000) and in the city centre (327 per 100,000), compared to the outskirts (209 per 100,000 in 1911-1915). TB mortality correlated positively with the number of persons per room (r = 0.69, p = 0.026), the percentage of rooms without sunlight (r = 0.72, p = 0.020), and negatively with the number of windows per apartment (r = -0.79, p = 0.007). TB mortality decreased 10-fold from 330 per 100,000 in 1856 to 33 per 100,000 in 1950, as housing conditions improved, indoor crowding decreased, and open-air schools, sanatoria, systematic tuberculin skin testing of school children and chest radiography screening were introduced.
CONCLUSIONS
Improved living conditions and public health measures may have contributed to the massive decline of the TB epidemic in the city of Bern even before effective antibiotic treatment became finally available in the 1950s
Gustave Fuchs (1856-19.. illustrateur) : signature “G. Fuchs” [1897]
No full textGustave Fuchs (1856-19.. illustrateur) : signature “G. Fuchs” [1897] ; parfois identifié de façon erronée comme “Fucha” (BNF, BSVP). Prénom : "Inventaire du fonds français", date de naissance, identification Éliane Daphy (octobre 2015), date et lieu de mort inconnus. Prénom et année de naissance recopiée sur la notice d'autorité BNF, sans crédit à ED, crédité "CCSD + mot-clefs médihal" ( 21/03/30)
‘Much of Sala, and but Little of Russia''A Journey Due North,' Household Words, and the Birth of a Special Correspondent
No full textWhen Dickens sent George Augustus Sala as a special correspondent to Russia just after the end of the Crimean War, he launched him in what was to become his best-known role as a journalist. Comprising twenty-two articles which appeared in weekly instalments from 4 October 1856 to 14 March 1857, Sala's essays are of interest not only for their representation of one of the significant geographical and cultural "others" of the mid-Victorian imagination, but for their distinctive style, which is vibrant and polyglot, eschewing political analysis and statistical information in favour of the flâneur's "gastronomy of the eye" – the vivid metropolitan travel writing so popular with mid-nineteenth-century readers
The head station at Crystal Brook Run, South Australia, 1856 [picture].
No full textTitle devised by cataloguer based on inscription.; In: Album of Miss Eliza Younghusband, South Australia, 1856-1865.; Inscriptions: "Rough Sketch of the Head Station Crystal Brook"--In ink lower left of drawing; " Crystal Brook Run, From A.T. Saunders:-"Rufus" and others recently alluded to the sale of Crystal Brook run. The "Register" of August 5, 1856, reported:-"We understand that Mr. Younghusband, M.L.C., has just sold his station at Crystal Brook for 50,000 to Messrs. H. and E. Bowman, Enfield"--Newspaper clipping below drawing.; Condition: Yellowing, foxing and glue stains.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn4189024-s51
Ross, 1856 [picture].
No full textIn: Sketches around Hobart Town, 1856.; Rex Nan Kivell Collection NK783/2.; Title from inscription l.r
Un accident : chansonnette créée par Madame Graindor [illustration G. Fuchs (Gustave Fuchs (1856-19..)]
No full textUn accident : chansonnette créée par Madame Graindor ; [illustration signée] G. Fuchs [Gustave Fuchs (1856-19..)] ; tampon (magasin Orléans) ; paroles O. Pradels (Octave Pradels) ; musique G. Michiels [Gustave Michiels] ; Aux cloches de Corneville, L. Bathlot éditeur, 39 rue de l'Echiquier, Paris [intérieur : mention artiste id. ; sans date, cotage LB3244, datation par cotage 1882 (Devriès et Lesure) ; verso vierge] ; incipit : "Devant me rendre chez ma tante"
Vaillant soldat ! : chant patriotique créé par Mme Amiati [illustration couleurs G. Fuchs (Gustave Fuchs (1856-19..)]
No full textVaillant soldat ! : chant patriotique créé par Mme Amiati à la Scala ; dédicace : "hommage à Mr H.P. Denneville" ; illustration (portrait du Général Boulanger) signée G. Fuchs [Gustave Fuchs (1856-19..)] (série Fuchs Boulanger) ; tampon (magasin de musique Paris) ; paroles Lucien Colonge ; musique de Léopold Gangloff (1856-1898) ; F. Bigot éditeur [intérieur : dédicace, genre, mentions artiste et lieu id. ; sans date, sans cotage, datation 1887 (datation résultat de recherche Eric Astier - dépôt légal) ; verso "Maison Bigot, romances et chansons nouvelles"] ; incipit : "Il est un homme, un soldat de la France". La chanson est attribuée à Amiati sur les catalogues de l'éditeur. [Titre inconnu au catalogue BNF lors du dépôt médihal, ajouté au catalogue depuis, sans mention Amiati]
Near Launceston, Ben Lomond 1856 [picture].
No full textIn: Sketches around Hobart Town, 1856.; Rex Nan Kivell Collection NK783/5.; Title from inscription l.r
From Freemason's Hotel, Hobart Town 1856 [picture].
No full textIn: Sketches around Hobart Town, 1856.; Rex Nan Kivell Collection NK783/4.; Title from inscription l.r
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