269,688 research outputs found
Ropalidia nigrita Das & Gupta 1989
No full text244) Ropalidia nigrita Das & Gupta, 1989 Ropalidia (Anthreneida) nigrita Das and Gupta, 1989: 130. Type data: Holotype male, NZC. Type locality: Moirang, Manipur, India. Distribution. India: Manipur. Elsewhere: Nepal; Vietnam. (Das & Gupta 1989, Nguyen et al. 2006a, Kojima et al. 2007, Pham 2014, Pham & Li 2015, Girish Kumar et al. 2017a).Published as part of Gawas, Sandesh M., Kumar, Girish, Pannure, Arati, Gupta, Ankita & Carpenter, James M., 2020, An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India, pp. 1-87 in Zootaxa 4784 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/386231
Polistes (Polistella) delhiensis Das & Gupta 1989
No full text205) Polistes (Polistella) delhiensis Das & Gupta, 1989 Polistes (Stenopolistes) delhiensis Das & Gupta, 1984: 410, nomen nudum. Polistes (Stenopolistes) delhiensis Das & Gupta, 1989: 63. Type data: Holotype female, NZC. Type locality: Delhi, India. Distribution. India: Delhi. Elsewhere: Vietnam. (Das & Gupta 1989, Carpenter 1996, Gupta 1997, Nguyen & Carpenter 2016).Published as part of Gawas, Sandesh M., Kumar, Girish, Pannure, Arati, Gupta, Ankita & Carpenter, James M., 2020, An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India, pp. 1-87 in Zootaxa 4784 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/386231
Ropalidia andamanensis Das and Gupta 1989
No full text230) Ropalidia andamanensis Das and Gupta, 1989 Ropalidia (Anthreneida) andamanensis Das and Gupta, 1989: 139. Type data: Holotype female, NZC. Type locality: Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India. Distribution. India: Andamans. (Das & Gupta 1989, Girish Kumar et al. 2017a).Published as part of Gawas, Sandesh M., Kumar, Girish, Pannure, Arati, Gupta, Ankita & Carpenter, James M., 2020, An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India, pp. 1-87 in Zootaxa 4784 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/386231
Ropalidia santoshae Das & Gupta 1989
No full text249) Ropalidia santoshae Das & Gupta, 1989 Ropalidia (Antreneida) santoshae Das & Gupta, 1989: 123. Type data: Holotype male, NZC. Type locality: Shillong, Meghalaya, India. Distribution. India: Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal. Elsewhere: Bhutan; China. (Das & Gupta 1989, Jonathan et al. 1996, Jonathan et al. 2000a, Jonathan & Kundu 2003, Kundu et al. 2006, Kojima et al. 2007, Tan et al. 2014 a, Dorji et al. 2016, Girish Kumar et al. 2017a).Published as part of Gawas, Sandesh M., Kumar, Girish, Pannure, Arati, Gupta, Ankita & Carpenter, James M., 2020, An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India, pp. 1-87 in Zootaxa 4784 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/386231
Ropalidia brevita Das & Gupta 1989
No full text233) Ropalidia brevita Das & Gupta, 1989 Ropalidia (Antreneida) brevita Das and Gupta, 1989: 110, 121, 163. Type data: Holotype male, NZC. Type locality: Delhi, India. Material examined. INDIA: Arunachal Pradesh: Pasighat, xi.2017, 1 ♀, Coll. Gandhi Gracy. Gujarat: AAU Anand, 27.xi.2015, 2 ♂, Coll. Sandesh & Umeshkumar; 10.xii.2018, 1 ♀ & 1 ♂, Coll. Ankita Gupta. Himachal Pradesh: IARI Katrain, 22.v.2016, 1 ♀, Coll. Sandesh Gawas; Palampur, 24.x.2017, 1 ♀ & 2 ♂, Coll. Ankita Gupta. Karnataka: Nandihills, 17.i.2006, 1 ♀, Coll. Naveenkumar; Sirsi, 20.vi.2016, 1 ♀, Coll. Ashwath; Dharwad, 30.xi.2005, 1 ♀, Coll. Shivaprakash; Hebbal Bengaluru, 29.xi.2010, 1 ♀, Coll. Umeshkumar; Shiva- moga, 4.viii.2018, 1 ♂, Coll. Ankita Gupta. Maharashtra: Bhimashankar Pune, 27.xi.2016,10 ♀ & 6 ♂, Coll. Sandesh Gawas; 22.ii.2017, 6 ♀, Coll. Sandesh Gawas. Odisha: OUAT Bhubaneshwar, 26.i.2017, 5 ♀ & 1 ♂, Coll. Sandesh Gawas; Puri, 30.i.2017, 1 ♀, Coll. Sandesh Gawas. Rajasthan: MPUAT Udaipur, 21.xi.2015, 4 ♀, Coll. Sandesh & Umeshkumar. Uttarakhand: Bhimtal, 12.xi.2016, 1 ♂, Coll. Ankita Gupta. Distribution. India: Arunachal Pradesh (new record), Assam, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal. Elsewhere: Pakistan. (Jonathan et al. 1996, Gupta 1997, Jonathan et al. 2000b, Jonathan & Kundu 2003, Gusenleitner 2006, Kojima et al. 2007, Kundu et al. 2010, Girish Kumar & Sharma 2014a, 2014b& 2015, Girish Kumar et al. 2017 a, Rafi et al. 2017, Sheikh et al. 2017, Gawas et al. 2019, Girish Kumar et al. 2019b).Published as part of Gawas, Sandesh M., Kumar, Girish, Pannure, Arati, Gupta, Ankita & Carpenter, James M., 2020, An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India, pp. 1-87 in Zootaxa 4784 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/386231
Polistes (Polistella) strigosus subsp. atratus Das & Gupta 1989
No full texta) Polistes (Polistella) strigosus atratus Das & Gupta, 1989 Polistes (Polistella) strigosus atratus Das and Gupta, 1989: 81. Type data: Holotype female, NZC. Type locality: Belonia, Tripura, India. Material examined. INDIA: Meghalaya: Umiam Shillong, 21.vi.2019, 1 ♀, Coll. M. Mohan. Distribution. India: Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Manipur, Meghalaya (new record), Sikkim, Tripura, Uttarakhand, West Bengal. (Das & Gupta 1989, Carpenter 1996, Gupta 1997, Jonathan et al. 2000b, Jonathan & Kundu 2003, Kundu et al. 2010).Published as part of Gawas, Sandesh M., Kumar, Girish, Pannure, Arati, Gupta, Ankita & Carpenter, James M., 2020, An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India, pp. 1-87 in Zootaxa 4784 (1) on pages 50-51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/386231
Ropalidia brevita Das and Gupta 1989
No full text25) Ropalidia brevita Das and Gupta, 1989 (Figs 49 & 50) Ropalidia (Anthreneida) brevita Das & Gupta, 1989: 121. Holotype ♂, India: Delhi, University ridge (NZC). Material examined: INDIA: Goa: Sattari, Honda, 12.i.2017, 2♀, coll. Sandesh M. Gawas; Bicholim, Sanquelim, 18.iii.2017, 3 ♀ & 1♂, coll. Sandesh M. Gawas; Tiswadi, Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, 3♀ & 5♂, 14 & 19.v.2018, coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, ZSIK Regd. Nos. ZSI/ WGRC /I.R.-INV.11638–11645; Tiswadi, Carambolim lakeside, 1♀, 19.v.2018, coll. P. Girish Kumar & Party, ZSIK Regd. No. ZSI/ WGRC /I.R.-INV.11646. Distribution. India: Assam, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal. Global: Pakistan. (Girish Kumar et al. 2017a).Published as part of Gawas, Sandesh M., Kumar, P. Girish, Gupta, Ankita & Sureshan, P. M., 2019, Checklist of vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Goa, India, with new records and a key to species, pp. 269-294 in Zootaxa 4585 (2) on page 280, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4585.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/263730
Charops plautus Gupta & Maheshwary
No full textCharops plautus Gupta & Maheshwary from host Udaspes folus (Cramer) (Figs. 17, 18 & 19) The solitary pupal parasitoid Charops plautus Gupta & Maheshwary was reared from the host Udaspes folus Gupta & Maheshwary (1970). No male specimens were bred and the species was identified based on females. Udaspes folus is the first host record of the parasitic wasp genus Charops. Brief diagnosis: This species has following characters: scape and pedicel ventrally yellow; tegula pale yellow. Mesopleuron reticulate rugose; malar space 0.7 × basal width of mandible; inter-ocellar distance 3 × ocello-ocellar distance; fore coxa with a mix of black and yellow patches; trochanter pale yellow and femur yellow brown medially; tarsus pale yellow. Mid leg with coxa black; trachanter pale yellow; femur yellow brown with very faint black infuscation on dorso-apical region. Hind leg with coxa black; femur yellow brown with a black patch ventrally in basal half; hind tibia yellow brown with apical 1 / 4 th black; tarsi brown with basitarsus darker; tibial spurs pale yellow. Metasoma with petiole black except at extreme apical region. Second tergite yellow brown with apical margin black; rest metasoma yellowish brown. Specimens examined: Two females, Powai, IIT-Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; 19.12 °N 72.91 °E, elevation 50 m (160 ft), 22.ix. 2012, bred from pupa of U. folus (Grass Demon) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), coll. Swapnil Lokhande & Abhay Soman; NBAII/Brac/Micro/ Charops /plau/0912. All specimens deposited in NBAII.Published as part of Gupta, Ankita, Lokhande, Swapnil A. & Soman, Abhay, 2013, Parasitoids of Hesperiidae from peninsular India with description of a new species of Dolichogenidea (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitic on caterpillar of Borbo cinnara (Wallace) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), pp. 277-290 in Zootaxa 3701 (2) on page 283, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3701.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/24927
Nivelen luu-rustorajapinnan mikrometritason kudosmuutoksien tutkiminen nivelrikon eri vaiheissa
No full textAbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that causes disability in the adult population. While the etiology and pathogenesis of OA remain unclear, it is now commonly accepted that the entire joint is affected by OA. The deep zone of hyaline articular cartilage, calcified cartilage, and cortical subchondral bone plate form the osteochondral junction that is specially adapted to transferring loads during weight-bearing and joint motion. Although the OA-related changes in articular cartilage and subchondral trabecular bone have been extensively studied, the changes in the osteochondral junction, especially in the calcified cartilage, remain under explored.Calcified cartilage is a relatively thin tissue layer and has a similar mineral phase to the underlying bone. Hence, it is a major challenge to quantitively study calcified cartilage separately from the whole osteochondral junction, due to the limitations in spatial resolution and the contrast of current microscopic imaging modalities. Therefore, this doctoral dissertation aims to study the biochemical composition, mineral crystal structure, micromechanical and structural properties of calcified cartilage, and the subchondral bone plate in healthy and osteoarthritic knee joints in vitro.Raman microspectroscopy was used to investigate biochemical composition from unfixed and fully hydrated human osteochondral specimens. State-of-the-art micro-focus small-angle X-ray scattering (μSAXS) measurements were performed to map the mineral crystal thickness across the junction. Finally, a bovine patella model was utilized to explore the micromechanical changes in the junction as a function of degeneration and associate these changes with site-specific microstructure.Results show that calcified cartilage had a higher degree of mineralization, with thicker mineral crystals having greater stoichiometric perfection in a proteoglycan-rich matrix than underlying bone. The alterations in the degree of mineralization, type-B carbonate substitutions, mineral crystal thickness, tissue stiffness, and microstructure in both calcified cartilage and subchondral bone plate were observed during OA development. Some of these changes were found to occur at the very early stages of OA. In conclusion, this study shows that both mineralized tissues at the osteochondral junction undergo marked alterations during the evolution of OA, contributing to our current understanding of OA.Original papersOriginal papers are not included in the electronic version of the dissertation.Das Gupta, S., Finnilä, M. A. J., Karhula, S. S., Kauppinen, S., Joukainen, A., Kröger, H., Korhonen, R. K., Thambyah, A., Rieppo, L., & Saarakkala, S. (2020). Raman microspectroscopic analysis of the tissue-specific composition of the human osteochondral junction in osteoarthritis: A pilot study. Acta Biomaterialia, 106, 145–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2020.02.020Self-archived versionFinnilä, M. A. J., Das Gupta, S., Turunen, M. J., Kestilä, I., Turkiewicz, A., Lutz-Bueno, V., Folkesson, E., Holler, M., Ali, N., Hughes, V., Isaksson, H., Tjörnstrand, J., Önnerfjord, P., Guizar-Sicairos, M., Saarakkala, S., & Englund, M. (2021). Mineral crystal thickness in calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in healthy and osteoarthritic knees. BioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.15.448181Das Gupta, S., Finnilä, M. A. J., Rieppo, L., Turunen, M. J., Kestilä, I., Lutz-Bueno, V., Folkesson, E., Ali, N., Hughes, V., Isaksson, H., Tjörnstrand, J., Önnerfjord, P., Turkiewicz, A., Englund, M., & Saarakkala, S. (2021). Mineral composition of calcified cartilage and subchondral bone plate in humans with and without knee osteoarthritis. Manuscript in preparation.Das Gupta, S., Workman, J., Finnilä, M. A. J., Saarakkala, S., & Thambyah, A. (2022). Subchondral bone plate thickness is associated with micromechanical and microstructural changes in the bovine patella osteochondral junction with different levels of cartilage degeneration. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 129, 105158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105158Self-archived versionTiivistelmäNivelrikko on aikuisväestön yleisin invalidoiva nivelsairaus. Nivelrikon tarkkaa syntytapaa ei edelleenkään tiedetä, mutta nykyisin on yleisesti hyväksytty, että nivelrikko vaikuttaa kaikkiin nivelen kudoksiin. Nivelessä sijaitseva luu-rustorajapinta muodostuu hyaliiniruston pohjakerroksen, kalkkeutuneen ruston ja rustonalaisen luun yhdistelmästä. Luu-rustorajapinnan rooli on välittää mekaanista kuormitusta rustosta luuhun nivelen liikkuessa. Nivelruston ja sen alaisen luun kudosmuutoksia nivelrikon eri vaiheissa on tutkittu laajasti, mutta luu-rustorajapinnan — erityisesti kalkkeutuneen ruston — kudosmuutoksia nivelrikon aikana on tutkittu vain vähän.Kalkkeutunut rusto on ohut kudoskerros, jossa on myös mineraalifaasi samoin kuin alla olevassa luukudoksessa. Tämä tekee kalkkeutuneen ruston kvantitatiivisesta tutkimisesta hankalaa, koska luun ja kalkkeutuneen ruston erottaminen on vaikeaa mikroskooppisten kuvantamismenetelmien rajoittuneen kontrastin ja erotuskyvyn vuoksi. Tässä väitöskirjassa tutkittiin nivelrikkoisen ja terveen kalkkeutuneen ruston biokemiallista koostumusta, mikrorakennetta sekä mikromekaanisia ominaisuuksia.Ihmisestä saatuja tuoreita ja käsittelemättömiä luu-rustonäytteitä tutkittiin aluksi Raman-mikroskopialla, jonka perusteella kartoitettiin niiden biokemiallista koostumusta eri kohdissa kudosta. Mineraalikristalleja analysoitiin pienkulmaröntgensironnan avulla, jolla pystyttiin kartoittamaan kristallien paksuutta koko luu-rustorajapinnan alueelta. Tutkimuksessa käytettiin myös naudan polvilumpiosta otettuja näytteitä, joiden avulla tutkittiin luu-rustorajapinnan mikromekaanisia muutoksia nivelrikon eri kehitysvaiheissa. Lisäksi tutkittiin mikromekaanisten muutoksien ja mikrorakenteen muutoksien välistä yhteyttä toisiinsa.Tulokset osoittavat, että kalkkeutuneessa rustossa on luuhun verrattuna korkeampi mineralisoitumisen aste, paksummat ja stoikiometrisesti täydellisemmät mineraalikristallit, sekä suurempi proteoglykaanipitoisuus. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa havaittiin selkeitä muutoksia mineralisaation määrässä, tyypin B karbonaattisubstituutiossa, mineraalikristallien paksuudessa, kudoksen jäykkyydessä sekä mikrorakenteessa nivelrikon kehittyessä. Osa muutoksista havaittiin hyvin varhaisessa nivelrikon kehitysvaiheessa. Tässä väitöskirjassa saatiin tärkeää uutta tietoa siitä, että luu-rustorajapinnnassa tapahtuu merkittäviä muutoksia nivelrikon kehittyessä. Tämä lisää nykyistä tietämystämme nivelrikon etiologiasta.OsajulkaisutOsajulkaisut eivät sisälly väitöskirjan elektroniseen versioon.Das Gupta, S., Finnilä, M. A. J., Karhula, S. S., Kauppinen, S., Joukainen, A., Kröger, H., Korhonen, R. K., Thambyah, A., Rieppo, L., & Saarakkala, S. (2020). Raman microspectroscopic analysis of the tissue-specific composition of the human osteochondral junction in osteoarthritis: A pilot study. Acta Biomaterialia, 106, 145–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2020.02.020Rinnakkaistallennettu versioFinnilä, M. A. J., Das Gupta, S., Turunen, M. J., Kestilä, I., Turkiewicz, A., Lutz-Bueno, V., Folkesson, E., Holler, M., Ali, N., Hughes, V., Isaksson, H., Tjörnstrand, J., Önnerfjord, P., Guizar-Sicairos, M., Saarakkala, S., & Englund, M. (2021). Mineral crystal thickness in calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in healthy and osteoarthritic knees. BioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.15.448181Das Gupta, S., Finnilä, M. A. J., Rieppo, L., Turunen, M. J., Kestilä, I., Lutz-Bueno, V., Folkesson, E., Ali, N., Hughes, V., Isaksson, H., Tjörnstrand, J., Önnerfjord, P., Turkiewicz, A., Englund, M., & Saarakkala, S. (2021). Mineral composition of calcified cartilage and subchondral bone plate in humans with and without knee osteoarthritis. Manuscript in preparation.Das Gupta, S., Workman, J., Finnilä, M. A. J., Saarakkala, S., & Thambyah, A. (2022). Subchondral bone plate thickness is associated with micromechanical and microstructural changes in the bovine patella osteochondral junction with different levels of cartilage degeneration. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 129, 105158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105158Rinnakkaistallennettu versioAcademic dissertation to be presented with the assent of the Doctoral Programme Committee of Health and Biosciences of the University of Oulu for public defence in the Markku Larmas auditorium (H1091) in Dentopolis, on 12 August 2022, at 12 noonAbstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that causes disability in the adult population. While the etiology and pathogenesis of OA remain unclear, it is now commonly accepted that the entire joint is affected by OA. The deep zone of hyaline articular cartilage, calcified cartilage, and cortical subchondral bone plate form the osteochondral junction that is specially adapted to transferring loads during weight-bearing and joint motion. Although the OA-related changes in articular cartilage and subchondral trabecular bone have been extensively studied, the changes in the osteochondral junction, especially in the calcified cartilage, remain under explored.
Calcified cartilage is a relatively thin tissue layer and has a similar mineral phase to the underlying bone. Hence, it is a major challenge to quantitively study calcified cartilage separately from the whole osteochondral junction, due to the limitations in spatial resolution and the contrast of current microscopic imaging modalities. Therefore, this doctoral dissertation aims to study the biochemical composition, mineral crystal structure, micromechanical and structural properties of calcified cartilage, and the subchondral bone plate in healthy and osteoarthritic knee joints in vitro.
Raman microspectroscopy was used to investigate biochemical composition from unfixed and fully hydrated human osteochondral specimens. State-of-the-art micro-focus small-angle X-ray scattering (μSAXS) measurements were performed to map the mineral crystal thickness across the junction. Finally, a bovine patella model was utilized to explore the micromechanical changes in the junction as a function of degeneration and associate these changes with site-specific microstructure.
Results show that calcified cartilage had a higher degree of mineralization, with thicker mineral crystals having greater stoichiometric perfection in a proteoglycan-rich matrix than underlying bone. The alterations in the degree of mineralization, type-B carbonate substitutions, mineral crystal thickness, tissue stiffness, and microstructure in both calcified cartilage and subchondral bone plate were observed during OA development. Some of these changes were found to occur at the very early stages of OA. In conclusion, this study shows that both mineralized tissues at the osteochondral junction undergo marked alterations during the evolution of OA, contributing to our current understanding of OA.Tiivistelmä
Nivelrikko on aikuisväestön yleisin invalidoiva nivelsairaus. Nivelrikon tarkkaa syntytapaa ei edelleenkään tiedetä, mutta nykyisin on yleisesti hyväksytty, että nivelrikko vaikuttaa kaikkiin nivelen kudoksiin. Nivelessä sijaitseva luu-rustorajapinta muodostuu hyaliiniruston pohjakerroksen, kalkkeutuneen ruston ja rustonalaisen luun yhdistelmästä. Luu-rustorajapinnan rooli on välittää mekaanista kuormitusta rustosta luuhun nivelen liikkuessa. Nivelruston ja sen alaisen luun kudosmuutoksia nivelrikon eri vaiheissa on tutkittu laajasti, mutta luu-rustorajapinnan — erityisesti kalkkeutuneen ruston — kudosmuutoksia nivelrikon aikana on tutkittu vain vähän.
Kalkkeutunut rusto on ohut kudoskerros, jossa on myös mineraalifaasi samoin kuin alla olevassa luukudoksessa. Tämä tekee kalkkeutuneen ruston kvantitatiivisesta tutkimisesta hankalaa, koska luun ja kalkkeutuneen ruston erottaminen on vaikeaa mikroskooppisten kuvantamismenetelmien rajoittuneen kontrastin ja erotuskyvyn vuoksi. Tässä väitöskirjassa tutkittiin nivelrikkoisen ja terveen kalkkeutuneen ruston biokemiallista koostumusta, mikrorakennetta sekä mikromekaanisia ominaisuuksia.
Ihmisestä saatuja tuoreita ja käsittelemättömiä luu-rustonäytteitä tutkittiin aluksi Raman-mikroskopialla, jonka perusteella kartoitettiin niiden biokemiallista koostumusta eri kohdissa kudosta. Mineraalikristalleja analysoitiin pienkulmaröntgensironnan avulla, jolla pystyttiin kartoittamaan kristallien paksuutta koko luu-rustorajapinnan alueelta. Tutkimuksessa käytettiin myös naudan polvilumpiosta otettuja näytteitä, joiden avulla tutkittiin luu-rustorajapinnan mikromekaanisia muutoksia nivelrikon eri kehitysvaiheissa. Lisäksi tutkittiin mikromekaanisten muutoksien ja mikrorakenteen muutoksien välistä yhteyttä toisiinsa.
Tulokset osoittavat, että kalkkeutuneessa rustossa on luuhun verrattuna korkeampi mineralisoitumisen aste, paksummat ja stoikiometrisesti täydellisemmät mineraalikristallit, sekä suurempi proteoglykaanipitoisuus. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa havaittiin selkeitä muutoksia mineralisaation määrässä, tyypin B karbonaattisubstituutiossa, mineraalikristallien paksuudessa, kudoksen jäykkyydessä sekä mikrorakenteessa nivelrikon kehittyessä. Osa muutoksista havaittiin hyvin varhaisessa nivelrikon kehitysvaiheessa. Tässä väitöskirjassa saatiin tärkeää uutta tietoa siitä, että luu-rustorajapinnnassa tapahtuu merkittäviä muutoksia nivelrikon kehittyessä. Tämä lisää nykyistä tietämystämme nivelrikon etiologiasta
M. M. Hallade. Études d'art indien. La composition plastique dans les reliefs de l'Inde. Art ancien : art bouddhique, gupta et post-gupta
No full textMasson-Oursel Paul. M. M. Hallade. Études d'art indien. La composition plastique dans les reliefs de l'Inde. Art ancien : art bouddhique, gupta et post-gupta. In: Revue de l'histoire des religions, tome 131, n°1-3, 1946. pp. 198-199
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