200 research outputs found
Acetaminophen confers neuroprotection during early cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
No full textStroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States. It usually occurs from a clot blocking a cerebral artery, resulting in cerebral ischemia and infarction. Few stroke therapeutics are available that definitively improve patient outcome. Acetaminophen is a readily available, inexpensive drug with a good safety profile - properties desirable of a neuroprotectant. We have previously shown acetaminophen to be effective following myocardial infarction. Since similar cell-destructive events occur during cerebral ischemia as in myocardial infarction, we sought to determine whether acetaminophen would protect neuronal cells in a similar fashion. Biochemical and molecular assays were employed to assess cell death and mitochondrial function. Acetaminophen significantly reduced cerebral infarct size, mitochondrial swelling and rupture as well as apoptosis. Acetaminophen also preserved mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, acetaminophen prevented cerebral edema, as seen histopathologically. Taken together, these data suggest that acetaminophen is effective in preventing neuronal stroke damage.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-114)by Sunanda S. Balig
Vasopressors and tight control of maternal blood pressure during cesarean delivery: A rocky alliance
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Some Comments on the Question Whether Co-Occurrence Data Should Be Normalized
Get PDFIn a recent article in JASIST, L. Leydesdorff and L. Vaughan (2006) asserted that raw cocitation data should be analyzed directly, without first applying a normalization such as the Pearson correlation. In this communication, it is argued that there is nothing wrong with the widely adopted practice of normalizing cocitation data. One of the arguments put forward by Leydesdorff and Vaughan turns out to depend crucially on incorrect multidimensional scaling maps that are due to an error in the PROXSCAL program in SPSS.multidimensional scaling;PROXSCAL;Pearson correlation;author cocitation analysis;co-occurrence data;normalization
Neuraxial techniques of labour analgesia
No full textIn recent years, many neuraxial techniques have been introduced to initiate and maintain labour analgesia, with low-dose mixtures of local anaesthetics and opioids, which have improved the quality of analgesia and made it safer for both mother and neonate. An independent search of the databases of PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane controlled trial data was conducted by two researchers, and randomized controlled trials that compared different methods of neuraxial analgesia and the different techniques of maintaining labor analgesia were retrieved and analyzed. The advantages, disadvantages, and indications of each technique along with the doses of intrathecal and epidural drugs are discussed. The myths and controversies involving neuraxial labor analgesia and the current consensus on their effect on the maternal and foetal outcomes are also outlined
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