6 research outputs found
Occurrence and fate of aromaticity driven recalcitrance in anaerobic treatment of wastewater and organic solid wastes
No full textAromatic compounds such as aromatic amines (AAs) or lignocellulose biomass derivatives are often recalcitrant to biological processes (i.e., anaerobic digestion). The level of recalcitrance is usually explained by the biochemical structure of the compounds, which determines their removal. AAs are present in dye wastewaters mainly originated from textile industries and are considered carcinogenic and challenging pollutants to be removed from wastewater. The hydrolysis of lignin leads to the formation of some aromatic compounds, which could be recalcitrant at certain concentrations and operation conditions. Similarly, derivatives from sugar degradation such as furfurals and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from pentose and hexose degradation, respectively, have also been reported to be recalcitrant to anaerobic treatment. This chapter details the different forms of recalcitrance found and/or formed during wastewater and organic solid waste treatment, particularly in the anaerobic digestion process. Moreover, the possible strategies to mitigate the recalcitrance of these compounds are comprehensively explained.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Sanitary Engineerin
Isolated Left Sided Hydrothorax in a Newly Diagnosed Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report
No full textUsually hepatic hydrothorax is a common presentation noticed with Hepatocellular carcinoma but we present a case report with left sided hydrothorax which is a rare association with Hepatocellular carcinoma
Catatonia in The General Hospital: A Case Series Wading Through Diagnostic & Management Challenges
No full textCatatonia is a cluster of affective, behavioral, and motor symptoms. Its causes are multifactorial ranging from severe and untreated psychiatric illnesses to neurological diseases and other general medical conditions. It is estimated that 20% of catatonia causes are due to medical conditions out of which two thirds are due to an underlying neurological condition which might include encephalitis, neural injury, developmental disorders, structural brain pathology, or seizures. Symptoms of catatonia can wax and wane, fluctuating between the retarded and the excited type within hours making it more difficult to identify and diagnose. If left untreated, catatonia can lead to multiple medical complications which can lead to significant long-term morbidity and mortality. The initial complications include dehydration, malnourishment, electrolyte imbalance, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and retention. In the long run, patients can have sepsis, rhabdomyolysis, DIC, decubitus ulcers, arrhythmia, renal failure, and liver dysfunction. This article will describe three patients (adolescent & adult) that presented to Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi with challenging presentations of catatonia. Their diagnostic and management difficulties will be discussed
Experiences from implementing an Lessons from teaching psychiatry trainees at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
No full textEarly childhood trauma can have adverse effects on brain development. This results in higher rates of mental health and medical problems in adults. Unfortunately, psychiatry trainees are not adequately trained in dealing with trauma survivors. Hence, we implemented an online trauma curriculum and assessed its efficacy. Socratic methods of teaching, flipped classroom approach, brainstorming, role play, and case-based discussions were utilized. Participants were able to exhibit good knowledge and clinical skills as assessed through summative assessment and communication skills assessment. This curriculum showed online training can help with clinical skill development along with improving knowledge when dealing with trauma survivors
Eating disorders in medical and nursing students of a private university: Relationship with depression, anxiety, and stress
No full textThe study aimed to identify the relationship between Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), Anorexia and Bulimia nervosa with stress, depression, and anxiety, among undergraduate students at Aga Khan University (AKU) in Pakistan. The data collection was done online using Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26), Nine Item ARFID Screen (NIAS), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). A total of 79 responses were received. Among them, 83.5% (n=66) were females and 16.5% (n=13) were males. On the NIAS screen, 16.5% participants tested positive and 15.2% indicated high risk of eating disorders on EAT-26. There were 26% participants who were underweight while 20% were overweight. Anxiety was significantly associated with all eating disorders while depression and stress were significantly associated with positive EAT-26 results too. Females and early- year students were at higher risk. We recommend regular monitoring for eating changes which may improve psychological and physical wellbeing of medical and nursing students. Key Words: Eating disorders, Stress, Dysfunctional eating behaviours, Students, Pakista
Ecological niche modelling: a global assessment based on bibliometric analysis
No full textIn the present study, a bibliometric analysis of the published literature on Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) topic from 1992 to 2023 was carried out using Web of Science (WoS) as a data source. Analysis of the data was carried out using bibliometrix tool in R software. Additionally, VOS Viewer software was used to provide visualization of the bibliometric analysis through network maps. The results of the study revealed that a total of 3, 595 scholarly documents in the English language were published on ENM from 1992–2023, originating from 564 sources. Furthermore, a significant increase in publications was observed over the years. A total of 13,122 authors have contributed to the field, with “Peterson AT” from the University of Kansas being the most prolific author. Journal of Biogeography emerges as the most relevant source with 290 documents published, while Ecography as the most cited source with 8,485 citations. Collaboration analysis revealed that only 109 documents were single-authored, with an average of 5.07 co-authors per document and an international co-authorship rate of 50.96%. Additionally, our analysis shows that the USA leads in Multiple Country Publications (MCP). The development of sophisticated software tools and algorithms coupled with remote sensing data has democratized ENM research, enabling scientists from diverse backgrounds to contribute to the field’s growth. However, like any other model ENMs have some limitations and thus the entire procedure used to create an ENM must be reliable, transparent, and repeatable in order for it to be used effectively in conservation, management and decision-making
