11 research outputs found
Figure 4 in Mandible shape in marsupial and placental carnivorous mammals: a morphological comparative study using geometric morphometrics
No full textFigure 4. Canonical analysis of variance of diet classes. A, factor 1 versus 2; B: factor 1 versus 3. Shape reconstructions show the extreme shape of each RW in black lines against the consensus shape in grey lines.Published as part of Prevosti, Francisco J., Turazzini, Guillermo F., Ercoli, Marcos D. & Hingst-Zaher, Erika, 2012, Mandible shape in marsupial and placental carnivorous mammals: a morphological comparative study using geometric morphometrics, pp. 836-855 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 164 (4) on page 844, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00785.x, http://zenodo.org/record/540699
Figure 3 in Mandible shape in marsupial and placental carnivorous mammals: a morphological comparative study using geometric morphometrics
No full textFigure 3. Mandible shape variation along the first three relative warps (RW). A, relative warp 1 versus 3 showing the distribution of diet classes; B, relative warp 2 versus 3 showing the distribution of diet classes; C, relative warp 1 versus 3, showing the distribution of taxonomic groups; D, relative warp 2 versus 3, showing the distribution of taxonomic groups. Shape reconstructions show the extreme shape of each RW in black lines against the consensus shape in grey lines.Published as part of Prevosti, Francisco J., Turazzini, Guillermo F., Ercoli, Marcos D. & Hingst-Zaher, Erika, 2012, Mandible shape in marsupial and placental carnivorous mammals: a morphological comparative study using geometric morphometrics, pp. 836-855 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 164 (4) on page 842, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00785.x, http://zenodo.org/record/540699
First fossil record of the South American frog genus Odontophrynus Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 (Anura, Neobatrachia)
No full textThe frog genus Odontophrynus comprises 10 species arranged in three species groups that inhabit southeastern South America. In Argentina, it is represented by the O. americanus and O. occidentalis species groups and, despite being a fairly common taxon of the extant herpetofauna, it has no known fossil record. Here we report on the first fossil record of the genus, based on an almost complete right ilium from the lower levels of the Buenos Aires Formation (OIS 11, Bonaerian age, middle Pleistocene) in the Bonaerian Pampas of Argentina. The taxonomic allocation is derived from a thorough survey of anuran ilia and is grounded in a set of distinct ilial characters that, in combination, do not occur in any other anuran. These include: ilium not fused to ischium; well-developed dorsal acetabular expansion; broad preacetabular zone with a shallow preacetabular fossa; straight ilial shaft lacking dorsal ridge; and spike-like dorsal prominence bearing a distinct dorsal protuberance. Additionally, after comparing with a large sample of specimens representing most species of Odontophrynus, we propose two main characters (high spike-like dorsal prominence, absence of a lateral knob on the dorsal prominence) that allow referral to Odontophrynus aff. O. americanus or O. cordobae. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP Citation for this article: Turazzini, G. F., M. L. Taglioretti, and R. O. Gómez. 2016. First fossil record of the South American frog genus Odontophrynus Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 (Anura, Neobatrachia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2017.1228657.Fil: Turazzini, Guillermo Fidel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Taglioretti, Matias Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, Raul Orencio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; Argentin
(Anura, Ceratophryidae) from western Argentina
No full textThe South American horned frogs or ‘escuerzos’ (Ceratophryidae) are among the best-known neobatrachians and comprise the genera Chacophrys, Ceratophrys, and Lepidobatrachus. Their relatively rich fossil record, which dates back to the Late Miocene and is largely concentrated in the Argentinean Pampas, consists mostly of variably complete cranial remains and comparatively few, mainly isolated, postcranial bones of Ceratophrys, whereas only three specimens of Lepidobatrachus are known. Here we describe two extra-Pampean ceratophryid records from the Upper Miocene–Lower Pliocene of Huayquerías del Este, Mendoza Province, Argentina, including Lepidobatrachus dibumartinez sp. nov. based on a well-preserved articulated skeleton. The new species is part of the stem of Lepidobatrachus and is diagnosed on the basis of several cranial and postcranial traits, including a large kite-shaped dorsal dermal shield. The new taxon sheds light on the evolution of a dorsal shield in the group, as well as on their paleobiogeographic history, adding support to the hypothesis of a broader ancestral distribution of Lepidobatrachus, whose diversification might have been triggered by the Late Miocene marine introgression of the Paranaense Sea. Also, it indicates that the prevalent climatic conditions during the Early Pliocene in western Argentina were much warmer and less dry than today. Finally, we discuss the potential value of the new records in calibrating the time-tree of Ceratophryidae. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2DFB3B68-8C30-4252-A3DC-BF1F69F5AB6A.Fil: Turazzini, Guillermo Fidel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, Raul Orencio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; Argentin
Una comunidad de gastropodos del Plioceno temprano (neógeno) de Mendoza, Argentina, con descripción de una nueva especie de Radiodiscus (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Charopidae)
No full textNumerosos restos de gastrópodos fósiles han sido encontrados en niveles edafizados de la sección media de la Formación Aisol (Mendoza, Argentina). Esta sección estratigráfica es portadora de una asociación de mamíferos fósiles que sugiere una edad Plioceno temprano (posiblemente SALMA Montehermosense). Se han podido identificar al menos cuatro taxones: Succinea Draparnau (Succineidae), Gastrocopta Wollaston (Vertiginidae), Bostryx Troschel (Bostrycidae) y una especie nueva del género Radiodiscus Pilsbry y Ferriss (Charopidae). Los registros fósiles de moluscos pulmonados terrestres en Argentina son escasos y se restringen al Cuaternario. El hallazgo de estos taxones en la sección media de la Formación Aisol (Plioceno temprano) reviste gran importancia ya que constituye el registro más antiguo de los géneros Gastrocopta y Succinea para la Argentina, el primer registro del género Bostryx para la Provincia de Mendoza, y el primer registro de la familia Charopidae (Radiodiscus sanrafaelensis nov. sp.) en depósitos de edad Pliocena en Argentina.Numerous fossil gastropods have been recorded in an edaphic level of the middle section of the the Aisol Formation (Mendoza Province, Argentina). This stratigraphic section bears an association of fossil mammals suggesting an early Pliocene age (possible Montehermosan SALMA). Up to four taxa of gastropods have been identified, belonging in Succinea Draparnaud (Succineidae), Gastrocopta Wollaston (Vertiginidae), Bostryx Troschel (Bulimulidae), and a new species of Radiodiscus Pilsbry and Ferriss (Charopidae). The fossil record of terrestrial pulmonate mollusks in Argentina is scarce and mainly restricted to the Quaternary. Thus, the record of these taxa is of paramount importance because it constitutes the oldest record of Gastrocopta and Succinea in Argentina, the first record of Bostryx in Mendoza Province, and the first record of the family Charopidae (Radiodiscus sanrafaelensis nov. sp.) in Pliocene deposits of Argentina.Fil: Turazzini, Guillermo Fidel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Miquel, Sergio Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentin
Mandible shape in marsupial and placental carnivorous mammals: a morphological comparative study using geometric morphometrics
No full textWe analysed mandible shape of the orders Dasyuromorpha, Didelphimorphia, and Carnivora using twodimensional geometric morphometrics, in order to explore the relationship between shape, size, and phylogeny. We studied 541 specimens, covering most of the genera of the terrestrial Carnivora (115 species) and a wide sample of marsupials (36 species). The observed shape variation had an ecological component. As an example, omnivorous carnivores have thick mandibles and large talonids in the carnassials, while hypercarnivores possess short mandibles and reduced talonids. There is also a discrimination between different taxonomic groups (i.e. marsupials and Carnivora), indicating some kind of constraint. Size explains a large percentage of total variance (large species had shorter and stronger mandibles, with anteriorly displaced carnassials), was significant when phylogeny was taken into account with a comparative method, but not when size and shape were optimized on the phylogeny. Carnivora presents a larger disparity and variation in body size, which could be related to the difference in teeth replacement. The optimization of mandible shape on the phylogenetic tree indicates that functional aspects, such as diet, are a key factor in the evolution of the carnivore mandible, but also that there is a phylogenetic pattern that cannot be explained by differences in diet alone.Fil: Prevosti, Francisco Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Turazzini, Guillermo Fidel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Ercoli, Marcos Darío. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Hingst Zaher, Erika. Governo do Estado de Sao Paulo. Secretaria da Saude. Instituto Butantan; Brasi
First fossil record of the South American frog genus <i>Odontophrynus</i> Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 (Anura, Neobatrachia)
No full textThe frog genus Odontophrynus comprises 10 species arranged in three species groups that inhabit southeastern South America. In Argentina, it is represented by the O. americanus and O. occidentalis species groups and, despite being a fairly common taxon of the extant herpetofauna, it has no known fossil record. Here we report on the first fossil record of the genus, based on an almost complete right ilium from the lower levels of the Buenos Aires Formation (OIS 11, Bonaerian age, middle Pleistocene) in the Bonaerian Pampas of Argentina. The taxonomic allocation is derived from a thorough survey of anuran ilia and is grounded in a set of distinct ilial characters that, in combination, do not occur in any other anuran. These include: ilium not fused to ischium; well-developed dorsal acetabular expansion; broad preacetabular zone with a shallow preacetabular fossa; straight ilial shaft lacking dorsal ridge; and spike-like dorsal prominence bearing a distinct dorsal protuberance. Additionally, after comparing with a large sample of specimens representing most species of Odontophrynus, we propose two main characters (high spike-like dorsal prominence, absence of a lateral knob on the dorsal prominence) that allow referral to Odontophrynus aff. O. americanus or O. cordobae. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP Citation for this article: Turazzini, G. F., M. L. Taglioretti, and R. O. Gómez. 2016. First fossil record of the South American frog genus Odontophrynus Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 (Anura, Neobatrachia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2017.1228657.</p
Estudio de la morfología de la mandíbula y la dieta en mamíferos depredadores vivientes y representantes de la Superfamilia Borhyaenoidea (Marsupialia, Sparassodonta)
No full textSparassodonta ha sido descripto como un grupo de predadores diverso en lo que respecta a dieta, incluyendo desde formas omnívoras a netamente carnívoras o con hábitos carroñeros-osífragos. Estudios previos se han basado en descripciones cualitativas e índices dentarios para realizar estas inferencias. En este trabajo, se estudió una muestra de 541 especímenes depredadores actuales (145 de Metatheria y 396 de Carnivora), representantes de un amplio rango de dietas (hipercarnívoros, mesocarnívoros, omnívoros, herbívoros, insectívoros) y 13 especímenes del Mioceno pertenecientes al Orden Sparassodonta. Utilizando morfometría geométrica, se analizó la variación de forma de la mandíbula y el molar "carnicero" inferior. Mediante un análisis discriminante basado en los componentes principales de forma (variables dependientes) y la dieta (variable categórica independiente), se obtuvieron las siguientes asignaciones dietarias: Arctodictis munizi (Mercerat), A. sinclairi (Marshall) y Borhyaena tuberata (Ameghino), hipercarnívoros con altas probabilidades (más de 80% por especie); Prothylacynus patagonicus (Ameghino), intermedio entre hipercarnívoro (48%) y mesocarnívoro (44%); y Cladosictis patagonica (Ameghino) y Sipalocyon gracilis (Ameghino), mesocarnívoros con altas probabilidades (más de 75%). Los clasificados como hipercarnívoros presentaron talónidos altamente reducidos, carniceros ubicados posteriormente y mandíbulas robustas; los asignados al grupo de mesocarnívoros talónidos poco reducidos y ramas horizontales más delgadas y curvas; mientras que P. patagonicus presentó una morfología intermedia, con talónido reducido y rama horizontal delgada. Los resultados son congruentes y refuerzan las inferencias obtenidas en trabajos previos; sin embargo, C. patagonica y P. patagonicus son aquí descriptos como menos hipercarnívoros que lo evidenciado exclusivamente por índices dentarios.Sesiones libresFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse
Paleoecology of the mammalian carnivores (Metatheria, Sparassodonta) of the Santa Cruz Formation (late Early Miocene)
No full text
