1,721,115 research outputs found
Libera professione e pratica del costruire. Ildebrando Tabarroni, ingegnere bolognese (1882-1958)
Full text linkCiò che concretamente definisce l’immagine delle città del primo Novecento e che di fatto inter-preta la cultura costruttiva di quel tempo riguarda il lavoro di una maggioranza silenziosa di profes-sionisti – ingegneri e architetti formatisi a cavallo della fine del XIX – , che progetta e costruisce secondo un’idea di moderno che si potrebbe definire prudente o pragmatica, piuttosto che ideale o decisamente innovativa nelle forme e nel linguaggio. La produzione architettonica di questi profes-sionisti è sotto gli occhi di tutti ma sottaciuta perché accreditata all’epoca precedente, mentre do-vrebbe rappresentare per gli storici dell’architettura e, in particolare, per chi si interessa della storia delle costruzioni, un settore di conoscenza indispensabile per fornire uno spaccato di un’epoca più aderente ad una realtà complessa, multiforme e spesso contraddittoria.
La figura dell’ingegnere bolognese Ildebrando Tabarroni, presentata in questo libro, è finora ri-masta oscura, ma è molto ricca di contenuti tecnici e culturali. Egli non è parte del main stream della storia dell’architettura del Novecento, ma uno tra i più proficui progettisti e costruttori nel capo-luogo emiliano per quasi un cinquantennio. Qui si cerca di colmare una parte di vuoto conoscitivo per quanto attiene alla produzione edilizia di questo periodo e, in particolare, allo sviluppo delle tecniche costruttive tra le due guerre in rapporto al contesto nazionale ed europeo
Modernist High-Rise Buildings in Italian Seaside Resorts: Contemporary Interpretation and New Technological Challenges
Full text linkSome Italian seaside locations are characterised by iconic high-rise buildings, mostly built between the 1950s and the 1960s. Although quite limited compared to more recent coastal developments around the world, these buildings remain significant landmarks, still shaping the skyline of their locations. The skyscrapers of Milano Marittima (1957), Cesenatico (1958), Rimini (1959), and Livorno (1966), are among iconic elements of Italian post-war modernist architecture during the years of the so-called economic boom, certainly representing a new architectural language. They embody the spirit of post-war Italian architecture, although not reported in architecture magazines, due to their location in tourist areas compared to large seaside cities such as Genoa or Naples, or most likely due to their functional language, conceived by unknown designers. This essay outlines the debate between planners, municipal administration and historic preservation boards (Soprintendenze) at the time of the original design, with respect to such an impacting action on the landscape; 70 years after their conception and construction, these landmarks are facing new challenges. The architectural and technological features of this contemporary heritage suggest new interpretations and lines of transformation between pure preservation actions and profound refurbishment
Selling Tradition Through Architecture in Romagna, Italy
No full textThe goal of this essay is to depict the evolution of the cultural identity of a region through its architectural tradition. The first part of the text focuses on the generic idea of tradition. Architectural tradition is only part of it, and should be always related to all the cultural aspects of tradition. Moreover, the concept of traditional architecture is associated to the one of regional architecture. In the second part of the essay, sampling the construction of the regional identity over the years, an italian region, Romagna, is taken into consideration. The idea of Romagna, as a territory with specific cultural identity, is something fairly recent, and dates back less than two centuries. Nowadays this character still partly relies on its architecture, but specifically on its regional mercification, represented by new symbols of tourism and commerce. The region is now a place for architectural experimentation and innovation, where new local/regional identities are continuously generated
Large span timber roofs in Italy between XVI and XIX century
No full textThe object of this paper is to depict some characters of long span roofs in Italy between XVI and early XIX century, with the aim of highlighting the transregional and transnational transmission of knowledge over this period. The article follows other publications of the past years on this topic and it is based on document analy-sis and building survey; it uses the analysis of some manuals, and publications of the time. Different solutions in Italian regions are considered and compared, in particular the roof structures of some churches in Bologna; this area is particularly important because it is placed between Rome and the northern regions of Veneto and Lombardy. Until the beginning of the XIX century the design and construction of this kind of roofs was pri-marily based on direct experience and practice. Starting from that period the design and the verification of trusses started to derive from the theories of the new born Building Science. The aim of the paper is to bring together part of the previous literature on this topic, which is mainly focused on specific buildings and specific regions, trying to highlight cultural ties, influences, technical references and derivations between regions
Wide-span timber trusses in the area of Bologna: a case study analysis and comparison
No full textThis paper summarizes a larger research project that used an innovative method to study several timber roof structures in Bologna. The research was focused on developing a support tool for analyzing the geometry and the structural behavior of these structural systems, utilizing a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and point cloud geometric information via visual programming generative algorithms. In addition, the method has been developed to collect and trace data on various types of timber trusses and function as an information system. Specialized literature frequently oversimplifies the comprehension of these structural systems by basing its theories on structural analysis methods that originated in the nineteenth century. This approach typically needs a thorough understanding of material properties and structure deformations, which cannot be easily obtained. Innovative methods of research, as well as typological construction investigations, can help gain a thorough understanding of these objects. Such knowledge is essential for the conscious conservation of these amazing construction systems. This paper compares five types of timber trusses from the roofs of noticeable buildings from the 17th and 18th centuries, associating their typological and construction characteristics with the geometric and deformative information from previous research. The study provides a deeper understanding of these objects in the Italian context by highlighting some critical issues
Contribution to the knowledge of wide span wooden roofing in the area of Bologna
Full text linkThis study focuses on the analysis of wooden roofs in some of the most important churches of Bologna. An operational method has been set up to make the analysis repeatable and the results comparable in each different building. This paper presents the main steps of this methodology as well as the results of its application into two different case studies: St. Peter’s Cathedral and the church of San Salvatore Maggiore. The aim is to improve the proposal of restoration intervention on these construction systems
Passive Cooling Through Ventilation Shafts in High-Density Zero Energy Buildings: A Design Strategy to Integrate Natural and Mechanical Ventilation in Temperate Climates.
Full text linkZero Energy Buildings require airtightness and mechanical ventilation systems to provide air changes and energy saving. These requirements contrast with the principles of natural ventilation. Through a case study located in Modena, Italy, a design strategy is proposed as a solution to integrate natural and mechanical ventilation systems at different times of the year to reduce the energy consumption in a newly designed high-density ZEB. The internal comfort evaluation for the warm season is then verified with a multizone dynamic simulation and a CFD analysis.
The proposal consists of two different approaches, the cold season and the warm one. For the cold season, a mechanical ventilation system with earth tubes and heat recovery has been designed, together with airtightness, solar greenhouses and high thermal mass and insulation. For the warm season the design allows a free-running use: open trickle ventilators applied to windows which provide background ventilation, mass and insulation mitigate the heat loads, vertical ventilation shafts support natural ventilation and free night cooling. The ventilation shafts have been designed with aerodynamic principles to provide each apartment with additional (and maximised) differences of pressure due to the stack effect. The indoor comfort conditions in the warm season are then evaluated according to the ASHRAE 55 adaptive model for free-running buildings.
The results of the study confirm that in the warm season acceptable indoor comfort conditions can be achieved in a free running building. The ventilation shaft ha
L’integrazione dell’LCA nel Rating System LEED
No full textL’articolo analizza l’applicazione del metodo LCA al progetto di
una nuova costruzione, con il fine di verificare il credito LEED-Building Life Cycle-Impact Reduction secondo il protocollo imposto. Per ottenere il soddisfacimento del credito è stata effettuata in primo luogo un’analisi LCA di 4 soluzioni di parete verticale opaca, caratterizzate da prestazioni tra loro confrontabili. È stata dunque individuata la soluzione nel complesso ritenuta a minor impatto, applicandola a un edificio destinato ad albergo. L’edificio così ottimizzato è stato confrontato con un edificio di riferimento paragonabile per localizzazione, forma e funzione, valutando la riduzione d’impatto complessiva. L’uso del procedimento ha permesso di soddisfare il credito
All just for fun nothing for fun. A bridge contest in Piazza Maggiore, Bologna
No full textThe idea of game is related to the one of contest, competition; in a certain way, architecture and construction follow the rule of architectural competitions, as expression of game for the best design. Quoting Huizinga: “When a prize is offered for the best plan for a town hall, or a stipend for the best student in an art-school, it would seem that the desire to stimulate invention, to detect talent and to obtain the best result, is enough. Nevertheless behind all these practical objectives there always lurks the primordial play function of the contest as such. It is impossible to decide, of course, how far the sense of usefulness has outweighed agonistic passion in certain historical instances, as when the city of Florence, in 1418, organized a competition for the cathedral dome which Brunelleschi won out of fourteen contestants. But we could hardly ascribe this glorious work to functionalism.
The concept of fun related to the one of game. Is there anything serious (controlled, organized) related to the game? The saying “All just for fun nothing for fun” means that the result of a fun game, conducted under decency, lead to a structured social message, a serious one, that is shared by a community of people, living the same experience. From this point of view the sense a place assumes a standard of quality, as a location where this message has the potentiality to be better delivered. In a sense, the stronger is the transferred message and its meaning, the stronger the quality of the place.
This workshop aims to present a case study concerning urban happiness in a public space, that is the organization, an event in the main square of Bologna, Piazza Maggiore. The event, made possible by some of the authors of this paper, consisted in a one day contest for the construction of temporary cardboard bridges in the square
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