110,822 research outputs found
Continuum mechanics modelling of microfilament networks with different architectures based on molecular investigation of single F-actin
No full textThe actin microfilament plays a critical role in many cellular processes including embryonic development, wound healing, immune response, and tissue development. It is commonly organized in the form of networks whose mechanical properties change with changes in their architecture due to cell evolution processes. This paper presents a new nonlinear continuum mechanics model of single filamentous actin (F-actin) that is based on nanoscale molecular simulations. Following this continuum model of the single F-actin, mechanical properties of differently architected lamellipodia are studied. The results provide insight that can contribute to the understanding of the cell edge motions of living cells
A coalgebraic perspective on probabilistic logic programming
Get PDFProbabilistic logic programming is increasingly important in artificial intelligence and related fields as a formalism to reason about uncertainty. It generalises logic programming with the possibility of annotating clauses with probabilities. This paper proposes a coalgebraic perspective on probabilistic logic programming. Programs are modelled as coalgebras for a certain functor F, and two semantics are given in terms of cofree coalgebras. First, the cofree F-coalgebra yields a semantics in terms of derivation trees. Second, by embedding F into another type G, as cofree G-coalgebra we obtain a “possible worlds” interpretation of programs, from which one may recover the usual distribution semantics of probabilistic logic programming
YU-FENG GU, MORIGENGAOWA, RI-HONG JIANG, BAO-DONG LIU & YUE-HONG YAN (2021) Sphaeropteris guangxiensis Y. F. Gu & Y. H. Yan (Cyatheaceae), a new species of tree fern from Southern China. Phytotaxa 518 (1): 69-74.
No full textYu-Feng Gu, Morigengaowa, Ri-Hong Jiang, Bao-Dong Liu (2021): YU-FENG GU, MORIGENGAOWA, RI-HONG JIANG, BAO-DONG LIU & YUE-HONG YAN (2021) Sphaeropteris guangxiensis Y. F. Gu & Y. H. Yan (Cyatheaceae), a new species of tree fern from Southern China. Phytotaxa 518 (1): 69-74. Phytotaxa 520 (1): 116-116, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.520.1.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.520.1.1
Coalgebraic semantics for probabilistic logic programming
Get PDFProbabilistic logic programming is increasingly important in artificial intelligence and related fields as a formalism to reason about uncertainty. It generalises logic programming with the possibility of annotating clauses with probabilities. This paper proposes a coalgebraic semantics on probabilistic logic programming. Programs are modelled as coalgebras for a certain functor F, and two semantics are given in terms of cofree coalgebras. First, the cofree F-coalgebra yields a semantics in terms of derivation trees. Second, by embedding F into another type G, as cofree G-coalgebra we obtain a 'possible worlds' interpretation of programs, from which one may recover the usual distribution semantics of probabilistic logic programming. Furthermore, we show that a similar approach can be used to provide a coalgebraic semantics to weighted logic programming
FIGURE 3 in Sphaeropteris guangxiensis Y. F. Gu & Y. H. Yan (Cyatheaceae), a new species of tree fern from Southern China
No full textFIGURE 3. Fiddleheads and sori on pinnule segments.—A & D. Sphaeropteris brunoniana.—B & E. S. guangxiensis.—C & F. S. hainanensis.Published as part of Gu, Yu-Feng, Jiang, Ri-Hong, Liu, Bao-Dong & Yan, Yue-Hong, 2021, Sphaeropteris guangxiensis Y. F. Gu & Y. H. Yan (Cyatheaceae), a new species of tree fern from Southern China, pp. 69-74 in Phytotaxa 518 (1) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.518.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/544801
Sphaeropteris guangxiensis Y. F. Gu & Y. H. Yan
No full textSphaeropteris guangxiensis Y.F. Gu & Y.H. Yan (Figure 1) Type:— China. Guangxi Province: Fangchenggang City, Dongxing County, Taohuaxi Village, 21°38′7″N, 107°41′22″E, 256 m, 01 May 2018. Morigengaowa & Jun-Jie Luo CFH09001402 (holotype, CSH! (CSH0155370); isotypes, PE!; paratypes, Morigengaowa & Jun-Jie Luo CFH09001403, Morigengaowa & Jun-Jie Luo CFH09001404, CFH09001405, and CFH09001406, CSH!) Diagnosis:— Sphaeropteris guangxiensis is most similar to S. brunonina and S. hainanensis in terms of morphological characters of leaf, but the difference is that fiddleheads (young leaves spirally coiled in bud) of S. guangxiensis are densely scaly on the adaxial surface and few on the abaxial surface, fiddleheads of S. brunonina are fully scaly on both sides, and fiddleheads of S. hainanensis are not scaly (Figure 3 A ~C). Description:— Trunk erect, approximately 10 m tall, up to 20 cm in diameter. Stipes warty at base, upper part and rachis smooth, yellowish to purplish. Lamina 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, up to 3 × 1.6 m, pinnae 20–30 pairs, ascending, lanceolate; largest pinnae up to 90 × 25 cm. Pinnules narrowly lanceolate, 9–14 × 1.8–2.5 cm, slightly narrowed at base, apex caudate, pinnatifid to pinnatisect; pinnule segments 13–22 pairs, falcate, wider at base, entirely or minutely crenate; veins 2- or 3-forked; abaxial side of pinnules glabrous, adaxial side glabrous or with sparse hairs; lamina glaucous abaxially; adaxial side of pinna rachis smooth or with pale antrorse hairs. Fiddleheads with thick scales at middle and brown hairs outside. Sori close to midveins of fertile pinnule segments, 5–8 pairs per segment, covering 3/4–5/6 segment; paraphyses pale to brown, filamentous, longer than or equal in length to sporangia; indusia absent. Spore granulate, thick, ca. 35- 45 μm in diam., polar view triangle, straight edge, equatorial view sector. Distribution:— Sphaeropteris guangxiensis grows at the edges of forests. Present the new species is known only from the type locality. Ecology:— The species was found associated with some woody plants (Figure 2: A, B), such as Mallotus japonicus (Sprengel 1826: 878) Müller Argoviensis (1865: 189), Mangifera indica Linnaeus (1753: 200), and Bambusa chungii McClure (1936: 639). It was also found to be associated with species of Arecaceae Bercht. & J. Presl, ferns such as Asplenium nidus Linnaeus (1753: 1079), Lemmaphyllum rostratum (Beddome 1866: 159) Tagawa (1966: 193), and Microsorum punctatum (Linnaeus 1763: 1524) Copeland (1929: 111) were found to be associated with their trunk. Approximately 50 adult plants and a few young ones were found in the population. IUCN Red List category:— Sphaeropteris guangxiensis has a restricted geographic distribution, and yet not found in other regions out of the type locality. Local people occasionally utilize this species as firewood. Our field investigations showed that there were no abnormalities in the spores of the new species which indicated that the new species can replenish themselves. Moreover, we observed hundreds individuals of this species in a large population at the border of Guangxi Province, China and Vietnam. The status of the new species can be classified as Endangered (EN) [A2 a; B2 b(iv)(v)], but more investigations are still needed to accurately assess its conservation status.Published as part of Gu, Yu-Feng, Jiang, Ri-Hong, Liu, Bao-Dong & Yan, Yue-Hong, 2021, Sphaeropteris guangxiensis Y. F. Gu & Y. H. Yan (Cyatheaceae), a new species of tree fern from Southern China, pp. 69-74 in Phytotaxa 518 (1) on pages 70-72, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.518.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/544801
Towards the design of a new standard for composite stiffness identification
No full textThis paper presents a step towards the design of a novel test for simultaneous identification of all the stiffness components of orthotropic composite materials. A simulator was adopted to numerically simulate the whole identification process. Synthetic images were generated and then processed by Digital Image Correlation (DIC) to calculate the strain fields. The Virtual Fields Method (VFM) was used to identify the material stiffness parameters and error functions were finally defined to evaluate the identification error. Two steps of optimization were applied to obtain the best design variables of different specimens and the optimal DIC processing parameters. Four types of test configuration were simulated including short off-axis tensile test, short off-axis open-hole tensile test, off-axis Brazilian disc and off-axis unnotched Iosipescu test and the most promising configuration was identified
Functorial semantics as a unifying perspective on logic programming
Get PDFLogic programming and its variations are widely used for formal reasoning in various areas of Computer Science, most notably Artificial Intelligence. In this paper we develop a systematic and unifying perspective for (ground) classical, probabilistic, weighted logic programs, based on categorical algebra. Our departure point is a formal distinction between the syntax and the semantics of programs, now regarded as separate categories. Then, we are able to characterise the various variants of logic program as different models for the same syntax category, i.e. structure-preserving functors in the spirit of Lawvere’s functorial semantics. As a first consequence of our approach, we showcase a series of semantic constructs for logic programming pictorially as certain string diagrams in the syntax category. Secondly, we describe the correspondence between probabilistic logic programs and Bayesian networks in terms of the associated models. Our analysis reveals that the correspondence can be phrased in purely syntactical terms, without resorting to the probabilistic domain of interpretation
A Coalgebraic Perspective on Probabilistic Logic Programming
Get PDFProbabilistic logic programming is increasingly important in artificial intelligence and related fields as a formalism to reason about uncertainty. It generalises logic programming with the possibility of annotating clauses with probabilities. This paper proposes a coalgebraic perspective on probabilistic logic programming. Programs are modelled as coalgebras for a certain functor F, and two semantics are given in terms of cofree coalgebras. First, the cofree F-coalgebra yields a semantics in terms of derivation trees. Second, by embedding F into another type G, as cofree G-coalgebra we obtain a "possible worlds" interpretation of programs, from which one may recover the usual distribution semantics of probabilistic logic programming
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