124,676 research outputs found
Otto Groth, Die Zeitung.
No full textFebvre Lucien. Otto Groth, Die Zeitung.. In: Annales d'histoire économique et sociale. 4ᵉ année, N. 18, 1932. p. 596
The Origin of Data: Enabling the Determination of Provenance in Multi-institutional Scientific Systems through the Documentation of Processes
No full textThe Oxford English Dictionary defines provenance as (i) the fact of coming from some particular source or quarter; origin, derivation. (ii) the history or pedigree of a work of art, manuscript, rare book, etc.; concr., a record of the ultimate derivation and passage of an item through its various owners. In art, knowing the provenance of an artwork lends weight and authority to it while providing a context for curators and the public to understand and appreciate the work’s value. Without such a documented history, the work may be misunderstood, unappreciated, or undervalued. In computer systems, knowing the provenance of digital objects would provide them with greater weight, authority, and context just as it does for works of art. Specifically, if the provenance of digital objects could be determined, then users could understand how documents were produced, how simulation results were generated, and why decisions were made. Provenance is of particular importance in science, where experimental results are reused, reproduced, and verified. However, science is increasingly being done through large-scale collaborations that span multiple institutions, which makes the problem of determining the provenance of scientific results significantly harder. Current approaches to this problem are not designed specifically for multi-institutional scientific systems and their evolution towards greater dynamic and peer-to-peer topologies. Therefore, this thesis advocates a new approach, namely, that through the autonomous creation, scalable recording, and principled organisation of documentation of systems’ processes, the determination of the provenance of results produced by complex multi-institutional scientific systems is enabled. The dissertation makes four contributions to the state of the art. First is the idea that provenance is a query performed over documentation of a system’s past process. Thus, the problem is one of how to collect and collate documentation from multiple distributed sources and organise it in a manner that enables the provenance of a digital object to be determined. Second is an open, generic, shared, principled data model for documentation of processes, which enables its collation so that it provides high-quality evidence that a system’s processes occurred. Once documentation has been created, it is recorded into specialised repositories called provenance stores using a formally specified protocol, which ensures documentation has high-quality characteristics. Furthermore, patterns and techniques are given to permit the distributed deployment of provenance stores. The protocol and patterns are the third contribution. The fourth contribution is a characterisation of the use of documentation of process to answer questions related to the provenance of digital objects and the impact recording has on application performance. Specifically, in the context of a bioinformatics case study, it is shown that six different provenance use cases are answered given an overhead of 13% on experiment run-time. Beyond the case study, the solution has been applied to other applications including fault tolerance in service-oriented systems, aerospace engineering, and organ transplant management
Mortalità e anni potenziali di vita persi (YPLL) per tumore nella Toscana Meridionale nei trienni 1981-83 e 1991-93
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Groth–Sahai Proofs Revisited
No full textSince their introduction in 2008, the non-interactive zeroknowledge (NIZK) and non-interactive witness indistinguishable (NIWI) proofs designed by Groth and Sahai have been used in numerous applications. In this paper, we offer two contributions to the study of these proof systems. First, we identify and correct some errors, present in the oringal online manuscript, that occur in two of the three instantiations of the Groth-Sahai NIWI proofs for which the equation checked by the verifier is not valid for honest executions of the protocol. In particular, implementations of these proofs would not work correctly. We explain why, perhaps surprisingly, the NIZK proofs that are built from these NIWI proofs do not suffer from a similar problem. Secondly, we study the efficiency of existing instantiations and note that only one of the three instantiations has the potential of being practical. We therefore propose a natural extension of an existing assumption from symmetric pairings to asymmetric ones which in turn enables Groth-Sahai proofs based on new classes of efficient pairings.Since their introduction in 2008, the non-interactive zeroknowledge (NIZK) and non-interactive witness indistinguishable (NIWI) proofs designed by Groth and Sahai have been used in numerous applications. In this paper, we offer two contributions to the study of these proof systems. First, we identify and correct some errors, present in the oringal online manuscript, that occur in two of the three instantiations of the Groth-Sahai NIWI proofs for which the equation checked by the verifier is not valid for honest executions of the protocol. In particular, implementations of these proofs would not work correctly. We explain why, perhaps surprisingly, the NIZK proofs that are built from these NIWI proofs do not suffer from a similar problem. Secondly, we study the efficiency of existing instantiations and note that only one of the three instantiations has the potential of being practical. We therefore propose a natural extension of an existing assumption from symmetric pairings to asymmetric ones which in turn enables Groth-Sahai proofs based on new classes of efficient pairings
A model of process documentation to determine provenance in mash-ups
No full textThrough technologies such as RSS (Really Simple Syndication), Web Services, and AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript And XML), the Internet has facilitated the emergence of applications that are composed from a variety of services and data sources. Through tools such as Yahoo Pipes, these "mash-ups" can be composed in a dynamic, just-in-time manner from components provided by multiple institutions (i.e. Google, Amazon, your neighbour). However, when using these applications, it is not apparent where data comes from or how it is processed. Thus, to inspire trust and confidence in mash-ups, it is critical to be able to analyse their processes after the fact. These trailing analyses, in particular the determination of the provenance of a result (i.e. the process that led to it), are enabled by process documentation, which is documentation of an application's past process created by the components of that application at execution time. In this paper, we define a generic conceptual data model that supports the autonomous creation of attributable, factual process documentation for dynamic multi-institutional applications. The data model is instantiated using two Internet formats, OWL and XML, and is evaluated with respect to questions about the provenance of results generated by a complex bioinformatics mash-up
Janet Groth. — Edmund Wilson, a Critic for Our Time
No full textFabre Michel. Janet Groth. — Edmund Wilson, a Critic for Our Time. In: Revue Française d'Etudes Américaines, N°44, avril 1990. Le corps dans la culture et la littérature américaine. p. 108
Qualità della vita e disabilità fisica e mentale di una popolazione anziana in una località rurale
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