407 research outputs found
Philip Strong letter to Reuben Wood, January 27, 1852
No full textLegal correspondence written by Philip Strong to Governor Reuben Wood regarding a warrant to arrest Peyton Polly, dated January 27, 1852.
Reuben Wood was governor of Ohio from 1850 through 1853, and was closely involved with the Peyton Polly case and attempts to secure the Polly family's release. Peyton Polly and his family were freedmen living in Lawrence County, Ohio, when they were kidnapped on June 6, 1850, and sold back into slavery in Kentucky and Virginia
Stanley Matthews letter to Reuben Wood, March 23, 1852
No full textLetter written to Governor Reuben Wood by Stanley Matthews in support of the appointment of Donn Piatt to a position in the Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas, March 23, 1852. Stanley Matthews (1824-1889) was at the time a judge in the court. He secured a seat in the Ohio Senate in 1856 before being appointed U.S. District Attorney for Southern Ohio in 1858, and later served as a justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1881 to 1889.
Reuben Wood was governor of Ohio from 1850 through 1853, and was closely involved with the Peyton Polly case and attempts to secure the Polly family's release. Peyton Polly and his family were freedmen living in Lawrence County, Ohio, when they were kidnapped on June 6, 1850, and sold back into slavery in Kentucky and Virginia
Are Ghana's roads paying their way? Assessing road use cost and user charges in Ghana
No full textThe author studied how much road damage contributes to road use costs in Ghana and how the marginal social costs should be recovered. This required understanding the road deterioration process better and analyzing the implications for vehicle operating costs and road user charges. The most important thing learned is that studies of road-user costs are feasible in reputedly data-poor countries. The author found that to bridge the gap between road-user costs and charges, the annual fee for heavy trucks should be raised tenfold. Fuel taxes alone are not adequate to distinguish fully the large difference in road damage costs incurred by heavy trucks and private cars. The taxing instrument most deficient in Ghana is the annual licensing fee. Not only should licensing fees for heavy trucks be ten times higher than they are now, but exemptions from the licensing fee should be canceled and registration rules strictly enforced. Even then, charges on heavy vehicles will not cover costs unless current legal limits of axle loading are obeyed. A more efficient means of reducing the damaging effects of heavy vehicles lies in structuring the annual fees to reflect how much more damaging two-axle heavy vehicles are than multiaxle vehicles. The issue of redistribution of costs and fees is of secondary importance in Ghana because of low fuel consumption, low level of fuel taxes, and the fact that expenditures on fuels are proportionately the same for the poor and the nonpoor.Roads&Highways,Airports and Air Services,Transport and Environment,Urban Transport,Public Sector Economics&Finance
Home Production and the Macro Economy-Some Lessons from Pollak and Wachter and from Transition Russia
No full textRecent years witnessed a flourishing of literature on the implication of shifts from home- production to market production on the macro economy, and in particular, the real business cycle. This literature employs calibration techniques to emulate the fluctuations in market output, labor and capital inputs and productivity over the business cycle, assuming a representative consumer and using stylized parameters of the substitution elasticity between home and market goods, and of the home production function. This paper argues that the parameters used in this literature cannot be verified empirically because of econometric identification problems. Furthermore, using data from the late 90s from transition Russia, it is argued that one cannot capture the fluctuation between the home and the market by using a representative consumer, since there is a distinct difference between males and females in their reaction to loss of employment: men shift most of the time released from market work to leisure while women divide it almost equally between work at home and leisure. Finally it is shown that the switch from a controlled economy to a market economy resulted in significant increase in home productivity and an increase in the free time enjoyed by both Russian men and women.
Wage Comparisons -A Selectivity Bias
No full textThe economics of information have been established by now as an integral part of economic analysis. However, surprisingly little has been written on the implications of search (and in particular, job search) for the estimation of the wage function and its ramifications in such cases as the estimation of the determinants of labor force participation, age-earning profiles, rates of return and rates of depreciation of human capital, degree of discrimination, etc. Given a wage offer distribution, the parameters of the observed wage distribution depend on the intensity of search. The lower a person’s wage demands the greater the chance of his finding an acceptable job, but the lower the wage he expects to receive and the wider the dispersion of acceptable wages around their mean. On the other hand, the job seeker may opt for a more ambitious search strategy, raising his minimum wage demand and consequently increasing the risk of remaining unemployed, but also increasing the expected wage and decreasing the dispersion of available offers. Models of wage offer distribution have traditionally been based on empirical observation of observed wage distribution. This approach may involve certain biases when applied to secondary labor groups – married women, teenagers and the aged. This paper attempts to point out some of these biases and suggests a method for their correction.
Who is the Family's Main Breadwinner? The Wife's Contribution to Full Income
No full textIn contrast to past studies which have focused on the labor inputs going into home production (Sirageldin, 1969; Walker and Gauger, 1973), the emphasis in this paper is on the measurement of productivity and total home output. The questions I try to answer are: What are the factors determining the wife's productivity at home? What is the value of home production and how does it compare with the family's money in-come? How does the value of home production differ among families with different socioeconomic backgrounds? How is it affected by the wife's labor force participation and by the existence of young children? How does it changeover the family's life cycle?
Wives' Labor Force Participation, Wage Differentials and Family Income Inequality: The Israeli Experience
No full textRecent decades have witnessed a sharp increase in the labor force participation of married women. The paper investigates the effect of wives' earnings on family income distribution. This effect depends on the in-equality of women's earnings as compared with other sources of income, on the correlation between the two and on the woman's share in total income. These in turn depend on participation patterns, labor supply and sex related wage differentials. In general, only the correlation between the various sources of income has an unambiguous effect on inequality, the effects of the other factors depending on the specific values of the parameters. In Israel where there are sharp differences in participation rates of married women and in sex related earnings differentials by schooling group, wives' earnings reduce total family income inequality, increasing at the same time the between-group (ethnic and schooling group) variability. The paper examines the effect of changes in the participation rate and the wife-husband earnings gap on family income inequality. It compares the effect of wives' earnings with other income sources (e.g., transfers) and examines the implication of separate tax returns for inequality.
The racial romance of Amy Levy's "Reuben Sachs"
No full textOn its publication in 1888, Reuben Sachs by Amy Levy (1861-1889) was initially received as being anti-Semitic in both the Jewish and the mainstream presses. Many reviews were scathingly critical, and some singled out the author for special abuse ...Peer reviewedFinal article published
Time Vs. Goods: The Value of Measuring Household Production Technologies
No full textWe take U.S. and Israeli household data on expenditures of time and goods, generate an exhaustive set of commodities that households produce/consume using them, and calculate their relative goods intensities. Leisure activities are uniformly relatively time intensive, health, travel and lodging relatively goods intensive. We demonstrate how education and age alter the goods intensity of household production. The results of this accounting can be used as guides to: Understanding how goods and income taxation interact to affect welfare; expanding notions of the determinants of international flows of goods; generating models of business cycles and endogenous growth to include interactions of goods and time consumption; and obtaining better measures of the distribution of well being.
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