2,996 research outputs found
Exochaenium natalense (Gentianaceae), a reinstated taxon endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
No full textKissling, Jonathan, Grieve, Kate W., Grieve, Graham, Bytebier, Benny (2023): Exochaenium natalense (Gentianaceae), a reinstated taxon endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Phytotaxa 619 (1): 117-122, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.619.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.619.1.
FIGURE 1 in Exochaenium natalense (Gentianaceae), a reinstated taxon endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
No full textFIGURE 1. Comparison of Exochaenium grande and E. natalense. (A–E) E. natalense from K.W.Grieve 3078 (NH): A. Aerial parts; B. Flower showing calyx with conspicuously undulated wings; C. Open flower, showing the relative position of the anthers and pistil; D. Anther with apical and basal glands; E. Leaf; F. E. grande open flower showing the relative position of the anthers and pistil in distylous flowers (short and long style). Scale bar = 10 mm. Artist: Kate Grieve.Published as part of <i>Kissling, Jonathan, Grieve, Kate W., Grieve, Graham & Bytebier, Benny, 2023, Exochaenium natalense (Gentianaceae), a reinstated taxon endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, pp. 117-122 in Phytotaxa 619 (1)</i> on page 119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.619.1.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8425836">http://zenodo.org/record/8425836</a>
Exochaenium Grisebach 1845
No full textKey to South African <i>Exochaenium</i> <p> - Flowers white, corolla diameter <2 cm; anthers and stigma ± at the same level (sometimes stigma slightly above the anthers)................................................................................................................................................................................................ <i>E. natalense</i></p> <p> - Flowers cream or yellow (rarely white), corolla diameter> 3 cm; distylous....................................................................... <i>E. grande</i></p>Published as part of <i>Kissling, Jonathan, Grieve, Kate W., Grieve, Graham & Bytebier, Benny, 2023, Exochaenium natalense (Gentianaceae), a reinstated taxon endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, pp. 117-122 in Phytotaxa 619 (1)</i> on page 121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.619.1.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8425836">http://zenodo.org/record/8425836</a>
Guidelines for Data Annotation
No full textIncluded here are a coding manual and supplementary examples of gesture forms (in still images and video recordings) that informed the coding of the first author (Kate Mesh) and four project reliability coders
Exochaenium natalense Kissling & K. W. Grieve
No full text<i>Exochaenium natalense</i> (Schinz) Kissling & K.W.Grieve, <i> <i>combinatio nova</i>.</i> <p> <i>Basionym</i>:— <i>Belmontia natalensis</i> Schinz (1894: 220).</p> <p> <i>Homotypic synonyms</i>:— <i>Exochaenium grande</i> var. <i>homostylum</i> Hill (1908: 338).</p> <p> <i>Sebaea natalensis</i> (Schinz) Schinz (1906:782), <i>nom. illeg.</i> [non <i>Sebaea natalensis</i> Schinz (1896:442)].</p> <p> Type:— SOUTHAFRICA. KwaZulu-Natal, Clairmont, 5 Aug. 1893, <i>Schlechter 3060</i> (Lectotype Z [Z000070706]!, <i>hic designatus</i>; isolectotype Z [Z000070705]!).</p> <p> <b>Nomenclatural notes:</b> —There are two sheets of <i>Schlechter 3060</i> at Herb. Z. One [Z000070706] contains five stems each with a single flower, whereas the other [Z000070705] contains a single stem from which the flower is removed and stored in a pocket. These two specimens should be considered as duplicates and thus a lectotype needed to be chosen, in accordance with the <i>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants</i> Arts 8.2 and 8.3 (Turland <i>et al.</i> 2018). The first author (JK) has studied the type material in detail and confirmed that both sheets represent the same taxon. The sheet with five stems contains more and better material and is consequently chosen here as lectotype.</p> <p> When Schinz transferred <i>Belmontia natalensis</i> to the genus <i>Sebaea</i> in 1906, he clearly forgot that he had already described a different and currently still accepted species, as <i>Sebaea natalensis</i> in 1896. Thus, should <i>Exochaenium natalense</i> ever be transferred to the genus <i>Sebaea</i>, it will need a new name.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> —This species is morphologically closely allied to <i>Exochaenium grande</i> (E.Mey.) Griseb., but is markedly different in terms of its much smaller flower size of <i>c.</i> 0.8–1.5 cm diameter (<i>vs c.</i> 3.0– 4.5 cm for <i>E. grande</i>) and the arrangement of the reproductive organs, with anthers positioned at the same level as the stigma (<i>vs</i> distyly in <i>E. grande</i>), possibly indicating differences in pollination strategies. The species can also be differentiated on the basis of their ecological preferences.</p> <p> <b>Description:</b> —Annual, erect herbs, 15–20 cm tall. <i>Stems</i> simple, rarely branched from base, sometimes branched above, 4-ridged. <i>Leaves</i> sessile, opposite, 7–20 mm long, 3–6 mm broad, lanceolate, acute at apex, base narrowed, margin entire, basal leaves sometimes reduced. <i>Inflorescence</i> corymbose, lax, single to several flowered. <i>Calyx</i> of 4 or 5 free sepals, each 7–16 mm long, 3–5 mm broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, with conspicuous keel-wing, 2–3 mm broad at semi-cordate base, hyaline, presence of colleters on inside base. <i>Corolla</i> pure white; tube 9.0– 14.5 mm long, infundibuliform; corolla lobes suborbicular, 5.0– 8.5 mm long, 4–5 mm broad, margins entire, apex acuminate. <i>Stamens</i> inserted ± half way up tube, at same level as stigma. <i>Filaments</i> 6.0– 9.5 mm long; <i>anthers</i>, <i>c.</i> 1–2 mm long, each with apical and 2 tiny stipitate basal glands. <i>Ovary</i> ovoid, <i>c.</i> 2–6 × 2–4 mm, bilocular, placentation axile, ovules numerous. <i>Style</i> and <i>stigma</i> 4–18 mm long, filiform. <i>Stigma</i> slightly clavate, papillose. <i>Fruit</i> and <i>seed</i> not seen.</p> <p> <b>Iconography:</b> — Hill (1908: 317, plate G). See also drawing accompanying plate K000195293 (<i>J.M.Wood 541</i>) from Royal Botanic Gardens Kew.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> —This species occurs along a section of the eastern coastal region of South Africa. It is found mainly in the Port Edward district, on the border between the Eastern Cape and southern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The range extends northwards to Port Shepstone (Oribi Flats) and uMzinto districts in KwaZulu-Natal. There are historical records from the greater eThekwini [Durban] area and Zululand, localities that have been transformed by urban development and agriculture. The species has been observed by the second and third authors along the eastern seaboard of the Eastern Cape, known as the Pondoland coast, between Port St Johns and the Umtamvuna River, although no specimens have been collected from this region as yet.</p> <p> <b>Ecology and habitat:</b> — The species inhabits the Indian Ocean Coastal Belt biome, in particular Pondoland-Ugu Coastal Sourveld (CB4) and KwaZulu-Natal Coastal Belt Sandstone Sourveld (CB3) (Mucina & Rutherford 2006). These vegetation types are characterised by undulating coastal plains, species-rich grasslands, rocky outcrops and forested gullies, at elevations up to 600 m. The area receives mostly summer rainfall with some rain in winter.</p> <p> <i>Exochaenium natalense</i> and <i>E. grande</i> occur sympatrically although the latter has a much wider distribution. The two species also have different ecological preferences—whereas <i>E. grande</i> is usually found in well drained grassland, <i>E. natalense</i> is always found in seasonally wet to moist grassland (sometimes even in water).</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> —This taxon was named by Schinz (1894), after its geographical origin, previously named Natal and now KwaZulu-Natal, in South Africa.</p> <p> <b>Conservation status:</b> —This species has a restricted distribution and is endemic to the southwestern region of KwaZulu-Natal. A small part of the region is statutorily conserved and the rest is transformed by agriculture and subsistence farming, infrastructure development and urban sprawl and for these reasons, the area is regarded as being of conservation concern (Mucina & Rutherford 2006). <i>Exochaenium natalense</i> is a habitat specialist and is fairly uncommon within this region of <i>c.</i> 1230 km 2. Because the extent of occurrence of the species is estimated to be less than 5000 km 2, based on historical collections and the authors’ observations, and because populations seem to be fragmented, and population decline is projected due to habitat loss and degradation, it is suggested that this species should be regarded as Endangered: B1ab(i–iv).</p> <p> <b>Representative specimens examined:</b> — SOUTH AFRICA. KwaZulu-Natal: Eisdumbeni, 1800 ft., <i>J.M.Wood 133</i> (K [K000195293], NH [NH0004093 -0]); [Durban] “ Bei Port Natal ”, 28 Mar. 1832, <i>J.F.Drège s.n.</i> (P [P00560847]); [Durban] Fields Hill, 358m,n.d., <i>H.Evans 190</i> (NH); Inanda,[Durban district],[252m], <i>J.M.Wood 541</i> (K [K000195293], NH [NH0002056-0]); Izinqoleni district: Kwazamane, 394 m, 21 Mar. 2019, <i>K.W.Grieve 2841</i> (PRE); Margate, [114 m], 4 Feb. 1987, <i>H.B.Nicholson 2561</i> (PCE [PCE0005454]); Mvoti kloof, Canema estate, 7 Oaks, [2930BA], 20 Jan. 1990, <i>A.Abbott 4999</i> (PCE [PCE0005472], NH); Oribi, [432 m], Apr.1937, <i>A.McClean 442</i> (NH); Paddock district, Oribi Flats, Whistling Pine Farm, 482 m, 25 Jan. 2017, <i>K.W.Grieve 2295</i> (PCE [PCE0014180]); Port Edward, Red Desert Nature Reserve coastal section, 10 m, 8 Dec. 2015, <i>K.W.Grieve 1886</i> (NU [NU0088250]); Port Edward, Red Desert Nature Reserve coastal section, 17 m, 23 Feb. 2017, <i>K.W.Grieve 2322</i> (PCE [PCE0014181]); Port Edward, Red Desert Nature Reserve coastal section, 24 m, 6 Jan. 2022, <i>K.W.Grieve 3078</i> (NH); Port Edward, Izingolweni roadside, [3130AA], 2 Jan. 1965, <i>O.M.Hilliard 3038</i> (NU [NU0092021]); Port Edward, Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, [350 m], 14 Apr. 1982, <i>H.B.Nicholson 2248</i> (PCE [PCE0005455]); Port Edward, Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, Clearwater, [350 m], 3 Mar. 1983, <i>A.Abbott 880</i> (PCE [PCE0005451]); Port Edward, Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, [350 m], 13 Mar. 1984, <i>A.Abbott 1827</i> (NH, PCE [PCE0005450]); Port Edward, Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, Office [Beacon Hill], [350 m], 12 Feb. 1986, <i>A.Abbott 2982a</i> (NH, PCE [PCE0005449]); Port Edward, Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, [350 m], 31 Mar. 1995, <i>A.Abbott 6740</i> (NH); Port Edward, Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, Beacon Hill, [350 m], 2 Mar. 1997, <i>C.J.Potgieter s.n.</i> (NU [NU0092023]); Port Edward, Umtamvuna Nature Reserve, western heights, 365 m, 9 Feb. 2017, <i>K.W.Grieve 2306</i> (PCE [PCE0014179]); uMzinto district, Vernon Crookes Nature Reserve, 449 m, 7 Feb. 2019, <i>K.W.Grieve 2801</i> (PCE [PCE0013839]); Uvongo sandflats, [19 m], 19 Dec. 1965, <i>R.Strey 6181</i> (NH); Zululand, Hlabisa district, Lake St Lucia, east shore [2832AB], 5–10 m, 30 Apr. 1974, <i>R.H.Taylor 175</i> (NU [NU0092020]); Zululand, Lake Nhlabane, 5 Jan. 1992, <i>C.J.Ward & A.Rajh 11674</i> (UDW [UDW13406]); Zululand, “ N’goya ” [oNgoye, 2831DD], 1000–2000 ft., 18 Mar. 1904, <i>J.M.Wood 9322</i> (K [K000195292]).</p>Published as part of <i>Kissling, Jonathan, Grieve, Kate W., Grieve, Graham & Bytebier, Benny, 2023, Exochaenium natalense (Gentianaceae), a reinstated taxon endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, pp. 117-122 in Phytotaxa 619 (1)</i> on pages 120-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.619.1.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8425836">http://zenodo.org/record/8425836</a>
Declining Unionization, Rising Inequality: an Interview with Kate Bronfenbrenner
No full textKate Bronfenbrenner is director of labor education research at the New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations at Cornell University. She worked for many years as an organizer with the United Woodcutters Association in Mississippi and the Service Employees International Union in Boston. She is the author, co-author and editor of numerous books and articles on union strategies
Kate Richards: madness
No full textKate Richards’ bleakly beautiful, confronting and important book, Madness: A Memoir, describes her 15 years coping with psychosis and depression, and her long, hard-won journey back to sanity, with the help of a wise and compassionate psychologist.
In this video, she speaks with Ranjana Srivastava, an oncologist and fellow author, about her experience – and about being able to write from deep within it, with expertise as both a medical researcher and writer.
 
Book signing by SC author and illustrator Kate Salley Palmer
No full textPhotograph of Book signing by SC author and illustrator Kate Salley Palme
SC author and illustrator Kate Salley Palmer signing book
No full textPhotograph of SC author and illustrator Kate Salley Palmer signing boo
Replication Data for Statistical Analysis
No full textIncluded here is a dataset with gesture form coding from the study author (Kate Mesh). Statistical analysis of the dataset was performed using R version 3.6.1 (R Core Team, 2019), with the package, lmer (Bates, Maechler, Bolcher & Walker, 2015). An R script is attached for the purposes of replication.
R Core Team (2019). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
Douglas Bates, Martin Maechler, Ben Bolker, Steve Walker (2015). Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1), 1-48. doi:10.18637/jss.v067.i01
- …
