46,000 research outputs found
Z-cyclic (t,8)GWhD(v), t=2,4
No full textGeneralized whist tournament designs are resolvable or near-resolvable -designs in which each block of size is partitioned into teams of players each; every two players appear in exactly games as teammates and in exactly games as opponents. In this paper the cases when and are treated under the additional assumption that the design is cyclic or 1-rotational (that is, -cyclic). Existence is settled affirmatively when and is a prime, with two exceptions. Consequences for the existence of other whist tournament designs are examined
ON-LINE CHARACTERIZATION OF CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS BY IMMOBILIZED ENZYME REACTORS
No full textIn the search for new therapeutics for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), the investigation of the mechanism of action of new cholinesterase inhibitors represents a key aspect for new lead selection and subsequent optimization and development. However, the in vitro characterization of drug candidates on isolated target enzymes often requires a long operating time and a large amount of disposable expensive material. The recent development and aplication of stable immobilized enzyme reactors (IMERs) can ameliorate these concerns, and such in-solution methods should be potentially utilized in automated procedures to obtain efficient and effective higher throughput screening. In this context, the focus of this work was the development and characterization of a new IMER containing immobilized human recombinant butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) for the on-line kinetic characterization of specific, pseudo-irreversible and brain-targeted BChE inhibitors as potential drug candidates for AD. The selected phenserine and cymserine analogues were synthesized, characterized by classical ex vivo binding assays [1], and assessed by BChE-IMER.
For a pseudo-irreversible inhibitor, the kinetics constants describe the mode and duration of enzyme inhibition that will, in turn, influence the duration of the inhibitors’s in vivo pharmacological actions. The kinetic constants were determined for selected phenserine and cymserine analogues using a purposely-designed on-line procedure. Specifically, agents were inserted on to the BChE-IMER that fed directly into a HPLC system connected to a UV-Vis detector, BChE-IMER activity was determined on the basis of the Ellman reaction [2]. The carbamoylation and decarbamoylation phases at different inhibitor concentrations were then monitored continuously over time. Results allowed elucidation of the inhibition duration, mode of action and structure-activity relationships of the inhibitors of interest, which were compared to available values deriving from classical assessment.
(1) N.H. Greig, T. Utsuki, D.K. Ingram, Y. Wang, G. Pepeu, C. Scali, Q.S. Yu, I. Mamczarz, H.W. Holloway, T. Giordano, D. Chen, K. Furukawa, K. Sambamurti, A. Brossi, D.K. Lahiri: Selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibition elevates brain acetylcholine, augments learning and lowers Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide in rodent. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005, 102: 17213-18.
(2) G.L. Ellman, K.D. Courtney, V. Jr. Andres, R.M. Featherstone. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 1961, 7: 88-95
Pregnancy and parturition rates of harbor seals in Monterey Bay, California
No full textby Denise J. Greig."A thesis presented to the faculty of Moss Landing Marine Laboratories."Thesis (M.S.) -- San Jose State University, 2002. Harbor Seals"A thesis presented to the faculty of Moss Landing Marine Laboratories.
Greig Consulting
No full textA pairwise balanced design, B(K; v), is a block design on v points, with block sizes taken from K, and with every pair of points occurring in a unique block; for afixedK, B(K)isthesetofallvfor which a B(K; v) exists. Aset,S, is a PBD-basis for the set, T, ifT = B(S). Let Na(m) = {n: n ≡ a mod m}, andN≥m = {n: n ≥ m}; withQthecorresponding restriction of N to prime powers. This paper addresses the existence of three PBD-basis sets. 1. It is shown that Q1(8) is a basis for N1(8) \ E, where E isasetof5definite and 117 possible exceptions. 2. We construct a 78 element basis for N1(8) with, at most, 64 inessential elements. 3. Bennett and Zhu have shown that Q≥8 is a basis for N≥8 \ E ′ , where E ′ is a set of 43 definite and 606 possible exceptions. Their result is improved to 48 definite and 470 possible exceptions. (Constructions for 35 of these possible exceptions are known.) Finally, we provide brief details of some improvements and corrections to th
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
A treatise on ship-building and navigation : In three parts wherein the theory, practice, and application of the necessary instruments are perspicuously handled. ... /
No full textSold by A. Millar; J. Scott; T. Jeffreys; Mess. Greig and Campbell, and by the authorThe two final leaves comprise 'An explication of the signs and characters' and errata.The elements of naval architecture: or, a practical treatise on ship-building ... / By M. Duhamel du Monceau ... carefully abridged by Mungo Murray. - met apart titelbladLammens, Pierre Philippe ConstantEuropeana-GoogleBook
Settling of finite-size particles in isotropically forced, homogeneous turbulence: interface-resolved simulations
No full textWe have simulated the gravity-induced settling of finite-size particles in a turbulent background flow which is forced in a statistically-stationary fashion. The simulations are accurately resolving the solid-fluid interface with the aid of an immersed boundary technique [1]. The parameters of the simulation are (apart from background turbulence) identical to those of reference [2], where particle clustering was observed at a Galileo number of 178 and a solid volume fraction of 0.005. In the present case, it is found that a relative turbulence intensity of 0.24 leads to the disappearance of the clusters; as a consequence, the increase in average particle settling velocity found in [2] also vanishes. [1] M. Uhlmann. An immersed boundary method with direct forcing for the simulation of particulate flows. J. Comput. Phys., 209(2):448–476, 2005. [2] M. Uhlmann and T. Doychev. Sedimentation of a dilute suspension of rigid spheres at intermediate Galileo numbers: the effect of clustering upon the particle motion. J. Fluid Mech., 752:310–348, 2014
Mesophilic-hydrothermal-thermophilic (M-H-T) digestion of green corn straw
No full textMesophilic-hydrothermal (80-160 degrees C, 30 min)-thermophilic (M-H-T) digestion and control tests of mesophilic (M), thermophilic (T), hydrothermal-mesophilic (H-M), and mesophilic-thermophilic digestion (M-T) of green corn straw were conducted for a 20-day fermentation period. The results indicate that M-H-T is an efficient method to improve methane production. A maximum methane yield of 371.74 mL/g volatile solid was obtained by the M (3 days)-H (140 degrees C)-T (17 days) process, which was 20.44%, 16.55%, 31.44%, and 14.31% higher than the yields of the M, T, 140-M, and M-T processes. The enhanced methane production was attributed to (1) the improved hemicellulose degradation and lignin disorganization; (2) prevention of the degradation of soluble sugar, easily hydrolyzed hemicellulose and cellulose into furfural and methylfurfural; and (3) lack of formation of Maillard reaction products during initial hydrothermal treatment. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
The maternal immune system during pregnancy and its influence on fetal development
No full textThe maternal immune system plays a critical role in the establishment, maintenance, and completion of a healthy pregnancy. However, the specific mechanisms utilized to achieve these goals are not well understood. Various cells and molecules of the immune system are key players in the development and function of the placenta and the fetus. Effector cells of the immune system act to promote and yet limit placental development. The T helper 1 (Th1)/T helper 2 (Th2) immune shift during pregnancy is well established. A fine balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory influences is required. We herein review the evidence regarding maternal tolerance of fetal tissues and the underlying cell-mediated immune and humoral (hormones and cytokines) mechanisms. We also note the many unanswered questions in our understanding of these mechanisms. In addition, we summarize the clinical manifestations of an altered maternal immune system during pregnancy related to susceptibility to common viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections, as well as to autoimmune diseases.Peer reviewe
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