102,124 research outputs found
Walkeriella Mielke & Grehan & Grados 2019, gen. nov.
No full textWalkeriella gen. nov. Type species: Walkeriella miraculosa sp. nov., monotypic by present designation. Diagnosis. Externally distinguished from all other Pan-American Hepialidae by a large white spot edged with dark brown at the base of each discal cell and by the large curved spot between Rs1 and M 1 at the outer anterior discal cell. Walkeriella gen. n. is also recognized by the distinctive male genitalia, particularly the valva with its concave inner (medial) surface extending from the base to the apex in contrast to either a blade-like shape or lobular shape in the other American species, and by the ‘oxycanine’ venation on the forewing and ‘hepialine’ venation (Dumbleton 1966) on the hindwing with partial fusion of Rs1+Rs2 and Rs3 at their base. Description. Male (Figs 2–9). Head. Clypeus anteriorly glabrous and mesally projected, differentiated from the frons. Labial palpus with one tiny, rounded palpomere. Antenna lamellate. Thorax. Legs: Distitarsus without arolium. Fore- and hindwings: venation typical for cibyrine genera with Sc and R aligned very close together over much of the distal wing (Grehan & Rawlins 2018). Forewing with Sc1 and hindwing with vestigial (barely visible) Sc1 (Fig. 4). Abdomen (Figs 6–8). Well sclerotized, tuberculate plates distinct; tergum I with lateral ridge meeting anteriolateral tuberculate plate; anterior margin with weakly sclerotized ridge, not fused to dorsal tergal brace of tergosternal connection. Tergosternal connection with short dorsal and lateral brace curving together next to broad, triangular intermediate zone with prominent posterior-ventral tergal knob; upper anterior margin with small space or lacuna (Fig. 6). Male genitalia (Fig. 9). Tegumen indistinct, likely fused to the pseudotegumen, ventral portion articulated with saccus. Saccus U-shaped anteriorly; posterior edge W-shaped with lateral expansions on either side, with indentation mesally. Tergal lobes forming narrow arch meeting anterior margin of pseudotegumen. Pseudotegumen compound of two conspicuous C-shaped lateral plates fused together on their anterior-ventral margins; its dorsal projection asymmetrical, ventral projection symmetrical with strongly sclerotized apex. Fultura inferior trapezoidal. Fultura superior comprising two reduced and narrow sclerotized longitudinal bands, one on either side. Valvae slightly curved, tapered and lightly setose. Phallus membranous. Female. Unknown. Etymology. This new genus is named for Francis Walker, a British entomologist, who described some Neotropical Hepialidae species in the 19 th century. The name follows the tradition of Druceiella, Dugdaleiella Grehan & C. Mielke, Hampsoniella, Kozloviella Grehan & C. Mielke, and Pfitzneriella Viette. The gender of the name is feminine. Remarks. The presence of Walkeriella gen. n. in southern Peru, a relatively well surveyed country, is surprising since no other similar taxon is so far known from the Neotropical region. The presence of a strongly developed posterior lateral knob, a broad intermediate connection between the tergosternal bar and the lateral ridge and a broken anterior margin at the tergosternal connection, along with a very close parallel position between the outer hindwing Sc and R veins support inclusion of Walkeriella gen. n. within the ‘cibyrine’ cluster of genera (Grehan 2012). The configuration of Rs1+Rs2 and Rs3 is unique among all Hepialidae genera and this is the first case that both hepialine and oxycanine venations are found in the same species. In the holotype the left forewing has an oxycanine arrangement (Rs3 joining the common stalk of Rs1+Rs2) whereas the right wing has a hepialine arrangement with Rs3 joining the base of Rs4. The hindwing arrangement is hepialine on both sides. The paratype has oxycanine venation on both forewings and hepialine venation on both hindwings. Further investigation will be necessary for a better understanding of this pattern.Published as part of Mielke, Carlos G. C., Grehan, John R. & Grados, Juan, 2019, Description of Walkeriella miraculosa, gen. n. et sp. n. from South-East Peru (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae), pp. 335-342 in Zootaxa 4609 (2) on pages 336-337, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4609.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/318766
Kozloviella viazmenskyi ♂, Grehan & C. Mielke 2018, sp. n.
No full textKozloviella viazmenskyi sp. n. (Figs 1a, 1b, 9a, 10a, 11a, 13a, 15a, 16a, 17a, 17b) Diagnosis. Similar in general color and FW texture to many species of the cibyrine clade (sensu Grehan 2012), but contrasting with narrower forewings and slightly concave costal margin, and particularly a narrow and oblique, black V-shaped line that appears to be unique to this species. The yellowish orange color of this species contrasts with the grayish brown of Dugdaleiella gen. n. and the yellowish brown to grayish brown color tones of Pfitzneriella species. Description. Male (Figs 1a, 1b): Wingspan: 34 mm; FW length: 17 mm, width: 7 mm, ratio 2.4: 1; HW length: 14 mm, width: 11 mm, ratio 1.3: 1. Head. Scales covered with dark brown tipped yellowish brown piliform scales, as also are the frons and vertex. Interocular-antennal antennal scales piliform, extending over the eye. Antenna filiform with 39 flagellomeres, annuli slightly compressed, laterally covered with numerous sensillae chaetica, the basal 3-4 annuli covered with some lamellar scales; scape barrel shaped, covered with lamellar scales. Labial palpi long (longer than surrounding scales); distal palpomere digitiform, 2.3 times length of basal segment, subapical sensory pit present (Fig. 9a). Thorax. Dorsal scales greyish brown, ventral yellowish brown with darker brown at apex of scale. Legs (Fig. 13a) coloured as the thorax: pro-, meso-, meta- legs length ratio 1.3:1.5:1; epiphysis present; tibial and tarsal scales long, but not obscuring tarsomeres, dorsal scales of tarsi 1–4 about 1/3 longer than tarsomeres, ventral tarsal scales short; metaleg pale orange-brown, femoral and tibial scales piliform. Wings narrow, slightly wider distally. FW distinctly narrow compared to HW, mid-costal margin concave, outer margin convex, curving gradually to anal margin; venation hepialine (Dumbleton 1966), base of FW anal vein strongly curved anteriorly, distally curved posteriorly (Fig. 10a); dorsal ground colour pale yellowish orange with areas of darker orange-brown and dark brown shading and scattered black markings; oblique black line forming a V-shape with outer line extending between Cu and apex (Fig. 11a); orange-brown shading predominant over outer discal cells and near apex. HW greyish brown with pale reddish brown towards outer margin. Abdomen. Greyish brown, narrow, distally wider around genitalic region. Tergum VIII rectangular, wider than long, sternum VII wider than long (Fig. 16a). Male genitalia. See description of the genus. Ventral surface of saccus forming two subrectangular lobes, separated medially. Phallus membranous without cornutus. Female unknown. Distribution. Northern Peru, known from the type locality only (Figs 27a, 29 ). Collected in a mountain valley in the eastern Andes adjacent to disturbed forest with local clearing and farming activities at 2,050 m (Figs 26a, 26b). Ethology. Attracted to UV-light at collecting sheet. Host plant. Larval habits and host plants are unknown. Etymology. This species is named after Alexander Lvovich Viazmensky (Saint Petersburg, Russia), the famous Russian aquarellist and the passionate fan of mushrooms, at the special request of Anton Kozlov (Moscow, Russia). Type material. Holotype male (with the following labels separated by forward slashes): /S. America, PERU, Piura reg. Huancabamba prov. Cerro Machete. 0 5.0784 S, 0 79.3362 W. h= 2050 m, 10/II/2017. A. Kozlov, Yu. Kovaleva, R. Gortovannyi leg. / Holotypus, Kozloviella viazmenskyi ♂, Grehan & C. Mielke det. 2017/ Dissection JRG 258/ (CMNH). Figs 1a, 1b.Published as part of Grehan, John R. & Mielke, Os. G. C., 2018, New species of Dugdaleiella, gen. nov., Kozloviella, gen. nov., and Pfitzneriella Viette from upper elevation Andes of Ecuador and Peru (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 4497 (1) on pages 4-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4497.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/145105
Wallacella Mielke & Grehan & Cock 2020, gen. nov.
No full textWallacella, gen. nov. (Figs 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13a, 13b, 13c, 14, 15) Type species: Phassus guianensis Schaus, 1940, by present designation and monotypy. Diagnosis. Recognized by the distinctive and unique shape of the posterior male abdomen (asymmetrical tergite VIII) and genitalia (tergal lobes asymmetrical and pocket-like ventral projection of the saccus). In addition by the following combination of characters: i) male labial palpus two-segmented, ii) antennal rami long and flattened, ii) ‘hepialine’ venation (Dumbleton 1966), and iv) the pseudotegumen dorso-mesally unfused while ventro-mesally fused. Description. Male (Figs 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, 11, 12, 14). Head. Clypeus glabrous anteriorly and mesally projected, and differentiated from the frons. Frons with long scales at the distal edge of the scape, piliform, and porrect. Vertex scales as the frons. Eyes large, occupying 4/5 of the head in anterior view. Labial palpus stout with two palpomeres; distal palpomere embedded dorsally to the basal palpomere; length of palpomeres as long as the subtriangular prelabium. Antenna bipectinate, dark brown; dorsal rami shorter than ventral rami; rami flattened; sensilla caetica present, sensilla trichodea absent. Thorax. Legs (Fig. 10). Male legs lacking specialized androconia; metaleg reduced; arolium absent. Fore- and hindwings (Fig. 6). Hepialine venation as in Cibyra Walker (Mielke & Casagrande 2013); Sc1 present on the forewing and hindwing with CuP complete and a single A vein present. Abdomen (Figs 11, 12, 14). Tergite VIII bilobed, asymmetrical, with right lobe greatly projected posteriorly; sternite VIII in two portions with a main central sclerite and two detached postero-lateral plates. Male genitalia (Figs 13a, 13b, 13c, 15). Tegumen (= intermediate plate) as a narrow bar, fused to the pseudotegumen, but distinguished by sclerotization and ventrally articulated with saccus. Saccus U-shaped with a conspicuous and ventral projection forming a pocket with its posterior edge heavily sclerotized. Tergal lobes asymmetrical as an extension of dorsal processes of the pseudotegumen. Pseudotegumen dorso-mesally unfused and ventro-mesally fused. Fultura inferior (= juxta) and fultura superior (= trulleum) both form well sclerotized plates. Valva digitiform. Phallus membranous. Female (Fig. 5). Examined only as a photograph. Hindwing includes 2A. Etymology. Wallacella, gen. nov., is named after Alfred R. Wallace for his important contributions on the Lepidoptera in the 19 th century. The name follows the tradition of Druceiella (Viette), Dugdaleiella (Grehan & C. Mielke), Hampsoniella (Viette), Huebneriella (C. Mielke & Grehan), Kozloviella (Grehan & C. Mielke), Pfitzneriella (Viette), and Walkeriella (C. Mielke, Grehan & Grados). The gender of the name is feminine. Geographical distribution. Wallacella, gen. nov., is known to occur in the Northern South America from Venezuela to Northern (Pará) and Northeastern (Maranhão) Brazil (Fig. 20). Remarks. The presence of a posterior lateral knob (not strongly developed) on the tergosternal connection, a broad intermediate connection between the tergosternal bar and the lateral ridge, and a broken anterior margin at the tergosternal connection, along with a very close parallel position between the hindwing Sc and Rs veins, support inclusion of Wallacella, gen. nov., within the ‘cibyrine’ cluster of genera (Grehan 2012). Phylogenetic affinity within the cibyrine cluster is currently unresolved due to the lack of identified apomorphies shared between genera. The female genitalia are not known for many taxa and male genitalia often show distinct features shared by only one or a few species and this has contributed to the designation of several monotypic genera. A revision of Druceiella (Viette) by Grehan & Rawlins (2018) noted that this genus shared a pattern of three darker forewing patches with Pfitzneriana (Viette) and Wallacella [as ‘ Phassus ’] guianensis, comb. n., although this is less distinct in the latter species. The three genera also shared an apically fused apex of the pseudotegumen that is also strongly sclerotized and lined with transverse grooves and a sclerotized expansion of the posterior saccus in the form of a central rectangular protuberance in Pfitzneriana and an enlarged rim with laterally projecting tubercles in Wallacella, gen. nov. Druceiella and Wallacella, gen. nov., have an asymmetrical posterior abdomen margin with a posteriorly projecting lobe which is on the left in Wallacella, gen. nov., and on the right in Druceiella. Since this projection represents a uniquely derived feature within the Hepialidae it is tempting to see it as a potential synapomorphy for these two genera since they both occur in Northern South America and the feature has not been recorded in any other Hepialidae. An additional feature indicative of potential close relationship is the shape and size of the sclerotized tergal lobes which are asymmetrically expanded on the right side in Druceiella and on the left side in Wallacella, gen. nov., but the presence of this feature also needs to be further assessed in other genera. The male antennae of Druceiella and Wallacella, gen. nov. share similarly long and flattened rami. The Brazilian specimens examined of Wallacella, gen. nov., have not been assigned to W. guianensis pending future investigation of their species status.Published as part of Mielke, Carlos G. C., Grehan, John R. & Cock, Matthew J. W., 2020, Ghost-moths of Trinidad and Tobago with description of a new genus and a new species (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), pp. 181-190 in Zootaxa 4758 (1) on pages 182-184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4758.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/373077
Dugdaleiella Grehan & Mielke 2018, gen. nov.
No full textDugdaleiella gen. nov. (Figs 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 9g, 9h, 10i, 14f, 15d, 16h, 16i, 16j, 25a, 25b) Type species: Triodia monticola Maassen, 1890, by present designation. Monotypic. Diagnosis. The pale to indistinct white markings on a ground color of sooty greyish brown is distinct from the mottled grayish brown or yellowish brown tones of Pfitzneriella, and the yellowish orange color tone of Kozloviella gen. nov. The general wing shape similar to Pfitzneriella, contrasting with the narrower central region of wings in Kozloviella gen. nov. Genitalia with a distinctive spout-shaped apex to the fused cylindrical posterioventral pseudotegumen in contrast to the unfused condition of Pfitzneriella and the narrow medial bar in Kozloviella gen. n. The South American genera Druceiella (Grehan & Rawlins in press) and Andeabatis chiliensis (Ureta, 1951) (Nielsen & Robinson 1983) also have a cylindrical posterioventral pseudotegumen but lack the terminal spout of Dugdaleiella gen. n. The distally straight A vein of the FW separates Dugdaleiella gen. n. from Kozloviella gen. n. and Pfitzneriella while the strongly curved A and CuP of the HW in Dugdaleiella gen. n. is unique among Hepialidae we have examined. Description. Male (Figs 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d): Wingspan 41–46 mm. Wings grayish brown with broken grayish white to white band of varying intensity extending along cell between 1A and CuA2 and transversely from CuA2 to near apex. Head. Interocular-antennal scales present. Antenna filiform. Labial palpus with three palpomeres (Figs 9g, 9h). Thorax. Scutum III free of scales other than posterior and medial regions, dorsally obscured by overlaying mesothorax scales. Venation hepialine (Dumbleton 1966), A of FW curved basally, straight distally; A and CuP of HW strongly curved (Fig. 10i). Metatibial gland and androconia absent (Fig. 14f). Abdomen. Tergites and sternites weakly sclerotized. Tergosternal connection with curved tergosternal bar, short lateral and dorsal brace, latter not fusing with anterior margin of tergum II, posterior edge of central region extends dorsally to fuse with anterior margin of tergum II. Tergal knob absent (Fig. 15d). Tergum II rectangular, anterior ridge unfused across median, strongly sclerotized, not fused with ascending tergal brace; lateral ridge strongly sclerotized (Fig. 16h); sternum II sub-rectangular with elongate anterior later arms with rounded apices, lateral sclerotized ridge with internal short branch, anterior margin concave with ridge not extending across centre median (Fig. 16i). Tergum VII subsquare; sternum VII irregularly shaped. Tergum VIII rectangular, wider than long; sternum VIII wider than long, shallow C-shape, strongly sclerotized (Fig. 16j). Male genitalia (Figs 25a, 25b). Tegumen narrow, indistinct from pseudotegumen. Pseudotegumen dorsally unfused dorsal- and ventrally, broad lateral shelf, margins around anogenital field postero-ventrally extended as a spout-like projection with rounded apex across median, ventral surface of spout with 3–4 shallow transverse ridges and lip-like ridge at posterior edge of the fultura superior. Saccus V-shaped with broad, triangular, post-apodemal suture region. Tergal lobes absent. Valva large, elbowed, setose. Fultura superior indistinct, slightly sclerotized; fultura inferior sub-square, concave sides. Phallus membranous without cornutus. Female unknown. Etymology. It is named for John Dugdale (Nelson, New Zealand) in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the taxonomy of Hepialidae, in particular his comprehensive revision of the New Zealand hepialid fauna and his detailed consideration of morphological characteristics for both the adult and immature stages. The name follows the tradition of Druceiella and Pfitzneriella. The gender of the name is feminine.Published as part of Grehan, John R. & Mielke, Os. G. C., 2018, New species of Dugdaleiella, gen. nov., Kozloviella, gen. nov., and Pfitzneriella Viette from upper elevation Andes of Ecuador and Peru (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 4497 (1) on page 19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4497.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/145105
Dugdaleiella monticola Grehan & Mielke 2018, comb. n.
No full textDugdaleiella monticola (Maassen, 1890) comb. n. (Figs 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 9g, 9h, 10i, 14f, 15d, 16h, 16i, 16j, 25a, 25b) Dalaca monticola Kirby (1892) Triodia monticola Maasen (1890); Pfitzner (1906, 1938); Zukoswski (1954) Pfitzneriella monticola Nielsen & Robinson (1983); Heppner (1984). Diagnosis. Distinguished from all other Hepialidae by presence of a pale grayish white longitudinal FW band between A and CuA2, of varying width and subtending a band of darker grayish brown along posterior edge of CuA2 (less distinct in melanic specimen) (Figs 8c, 8d). FW markings comprise indistinct to prominent grayish white irregularly shaped transverse bands that contrast with the speckled patterns found in Kozloviella gen. n. and Pfitzneriella. Redescription. Male (Figs 8a, 8b, 8c): Wingspan 46 mm; FW length: 20 mm, width: 9 mm, ratio 2.2: 1; HW length: 16 mm, width: 7 mm, ratio 2.3. Head. Greyish brown. Palpus with short basal palpomere, second palpomere longest, wider apically, terminal palpomere narrow, slightly shorter than the former (Figs 9g, 9h). Thorax. Pale greyish to yellowish brown dorsally, greyish brown ventrally. Legs coloured as the thorax. Scutum III pale yellowish brown. FW dorsal ground colour pale to dark greyish brown with areas of pale greyish white markings, particularly along CuA2 and forming a broken transverse band of varying width and continuity; transverse band sometimes extending to costal margin near FW apex. HW dorsal greyish brown, fringe may be greyish or yellowish brown. FW and HW ventral greyish brown. Abdomen. Pale yellowish to greyish brown. Male genitalia. As for genus. Female unknown. Distribution. Central and northern volcanic region of Ecuador (Figs 27a, 27b). Habitat. High elevation subalpine shrublands, including Paramos. Material examined (in total 5 ♂). All ECUADOR: 2 ♂, Carchi. 18–23km W Tufino pass, Volcan Chiles, Paramo, 4,070 m, 18.XI.1987. R. Davidson & C. Young leg. (CMNH). 2 ♂, Cotopaxi, Cotopaxi National Park, entrance, 2,800 m, 10.III.1995. K. Wolfe leg.; JRG M193 (CMNH). 1 ♂, Cotopaxi, Parque Nacional Cotopaxi, 14.IV.1986, Wolfson leg., (on light trap); Dissection JRG M136 (CMNH). Remarks. A putative syntype of Triodia monticola that was dissected by Viette (but not published) did not have a locality specified on the label, but the 4,200 m elevation and original Maassen’s handwritten labels provides evidence that it is one of Maassen’s (1890) syntypes for D. monticola at Sincholagua. This specimen can therefore be reliably treated as that species, and we thus chose it as the Lectotype. One male syntype with a label “ type ” of Triodia monticola Maassen, 1890 is here designated lectotype with the following labels (separated by forward slashes): / Triodia monticola Mn, Ecuador, 4200 m /Mssn G./ P. Viette Gen. ♂ No. 2235/Specimen photograph for checklist Aust. Lep., film 168 1/4/ Lectotypus, Triodia monticola Maassen, 1890, Grehan & C. Mielke 2018, det. (ZMHB). Fig. 8a. We were unable to reliably differentiate both D. monticola and Pfitzneriella lucicola, both species described by Maassen (1890), as we have not located any representative material for P. lucicola (original description based on four specimens from Putzulagua [recte Cerro Putzulahua]). One of two specimens at ZMHB identified as P. lucicola that was examined by us bears a label with information (Type /1380/ Dalaca lucicola (Maassen) / Sincholagua 4200/indecipherable text) that did not correspond to the type locality or elevation (3,600 m) given by Maassen (1890). At present time, the primary types of P. lucicola are considered to be unresolved and this supersedes the type deposition mentioned by Mielke & Grehan (2012). As we have not examined a verifiable specimen of the type series for T. lucicola it would be premature to transfer the species to Dugdaleiella gen. n., particularly as external appearance is often not a reliable indicator of generic position in the Hepialidae. Due to uncertainty about its proper phylogenetic status we retain its taxonomic allocation to Pfitzneriella, but not as part of the phylogenetic characterization of the genus.Published as part of Grehan, John R. & Mielke, Os. G. C., 2018, New species of Dugdaleiella, gen. nov., Kozloviella, gen. nov., and Pfitzneriella Viette from upper elevation Andes of Ecuador and Peru (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 4497 (1) on pages 19-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4497.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/145105
FIGS 1–4 in Morphological notes on Gazoryctra sciophanes (Ferguson) and G. confusus (Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae)
No full textFIGS 1–4. Gazoryctra species, adults (dorsal view) and distribution map: 1, G. sciophanes female, Mount Mitchell State Park, North Carolina (Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh); 2, G. confusus female holotype (Illinois Natural History Survey); 3, distribution of G. sciophanes (data from Grehan 1998; Rawlins et al. 1998) and G. confusus.Published as part of Grehan, John R. & Mielke, Carlos G.C., 2020, Morphological notes on Gazoryctra sciophanes (Ferguson) and G. confusus (Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae), pp. 586-590 in Zootaxa 4896 (4) on page 587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.10, http://zenodo.org/record/438745
Agripialus itatiaia Mielke & Grehan & Koike 2021, sp. n.
No full textAgripialus itatiaia sp. n. (Figs 5–6, 22, 26, 33, 43, 47, 53) Type material. Holotype ♂ (Figs 5a–b): 4,- XII, [19]26/ No. 24, J. F. Zikán/ Coleção J. F. Zikan/ Z. 4713/ HOLOTYPUS, Agripialus itatiaia C. Mielke, Grehan & Koike, 2021 / (CEIOC). Paratype (1♀). BRAZIL. São Paulo: Queluz, Serra Fina, 2400 m. 7.XI.1986 (CGCM 25.532 (CGCM)). Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from congeneric species by a longer antero-posterior trapezoidal sternite VII (as long as sternite VI) in the female (Fig. 33), in contrast to the proportionately wider rectangle of the other two species, and by the length of the ductus bursae being four times longer than the corpus bursae (Fig. 53). The male differs from that of Agripialus caparao sp. n.] by absence of a whitish submarginal line on the forewing (Fig. 5a) and the presence of a minute sclerotised square on the posterior portion of the pseudotegumen (Fig. 47). Description. Male (Figs 5, 22, 43, 47). Head. Antenna with ~37 antennomeres. Basal and second labial palpomeres each respectively three and five times longer than distal palpomere. Thorax. Forewing length: 15 mm, wingspan: 31 mm. Wing ornamentation as shown in Fig. 5. Genitalia (Fig. 47). Tegumen L-shaped. Saccus broadly U-shaped, posterior margin slightly notched. Pseudotegumen weakly sclerotised with a small rectangular sclerotisation posteriorly; anteriorly rectangular as a transverse bar, fused mesally and internally projected to articulate with fultura inferior. Fultura inferior posteriorly concave, projecting, and tapered anteriorly with concave lateral margins. Valva setose, distal half strongly sclerotised as long as basal portion. Female (Figs 6, 26, 33, 53). Head. Antenna with 32 antennomeres. Basal and second labial palpomere respectively two and three times longer than distal palpomere. Thorax. Forewing length: 20 mm, wingspan: 40 mm. Wing ornamentation as shown in Fig 6. Genitalia (Fig. 53). Connection between dorsal plates slightly sclerotized, dorsal plate subrectangular with broad, rounded ventral medial corner (anal papilla), and narrow knob-like antero-lateral corner; subanal plate slightly sclerotised, subrectangular. Lamella antevaginalis slightly sclerotized. Ductus bursae four times longer than corpus bursae. Geographical distribution. Only known from a single site in Itatiaia National Park at 2400 m (Figs 58, 61). Host plants. Unknown. Etymology. The proposed specific name is homonymous to the national park’s name. It is treated as a noun in the nominative singular in apposition.Published as part of Mielke, Carlos G. C., Grehan, John R. & Koike, Ricardo M., 2021, Descriptions of two new genera and six new species of ghost-moths (Lepidoptera Hepialoidea: Hepialidae) from south-eastern and southern Brazil, pp. 561-580 in Zootaxa 5020 (3) on page 566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/522413
Morphological notes on Gazoryctra sciophanes (Ferguson) and G. confusus (Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae)
No full textGrehan, John R., Mielke, Carlos G.C. (2020): Morphological notes on Gazoryctra sciophanes (Ferguson) and G. confusus (Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae). Zootaxa 4896 (4): 586-590, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4896.4.1
Schausiana phalerus Mielke & Grehan & Monzón-Sierra 2020, comb. n.
No full textSchausiana phalerus (Druce, 1887) comb. n. (Figs 12–13) Phassus phalerus Druce (1887: 233; pl. 24, fig. 8 (♂ dorsal)); single ♂ [= holotype], Mexico, [Veracruz], Jalapa [recte Xalapa], Hoge [leg.] (NHMUK).— Kirby (1892: 890).—Druce (1898: 451).— Wagner & Pfitzner (1911: 18).—Pfitzner (1938: 1300; pl. 185f ([♂] dorsal)).— Nielsen & Robinson (1983: 18).— Mallet (1984: 77).— Robinson & Nielsen (1984: 16).— Nielsen et al. (2000: 841).—CENGICAÑA (2007: 57).— Mielke & Grehan (2012: 144).— Gómez et al. (2016: 54).—Grehan et al. (2018: 64; fig. 22 (FW cubital patch)). Type material. Holotype ♂ (Figs 12 a–b): Holotype / [Veracruz] Jalapa, Mexico. Hoege/ B.C.A. Lep. Het, Phassus phalerus / Type, Sp. figured/ Godman-Salvin, Coll. 98.—40./ Phassus Phalerus, type Druce (NHMUK). Examined. Examined material (2 ♂, 1 ♀). MEXICO. Veracruz: 1 ♂, holotype (data above). Puebla: 1 ♀, Xicotepec, Dos Caminos, [~ 1200 m], 6.VI.2001 (CGCM 24.122 (CGCM)). No available data: 1 ♂ (NHMUK). Diagnosis. Schausiana phalerus is distinguished from other Schausiana species by (i) the single black dot in the anal area in both ♂ and ♀, (ii) wider spacing of dark brown stripes between veins on the FW postmedial area (especially when compared to its most similar species Schausiana chalciope sp. nov.), and (iii) the absence of black/ brown markings on the wing margin of the FW and (iv) the absence of black/brown markings at the intersection of the A and CuA 2 veins. Redescription. Male (Figs 12 a–b). Head. Frons ochrish-brown, vertex darker. Thorax. Pro- and mesothorax slightly lighter than vertex, metathorax greyish-brown, ventrally ochrish-brown, metathorax pale yellow. FW length: 52–63 mm, width: 20–23 mm (ratio ~2.7), wingspan: 110–133 mm; elongated, tornus indistinct; costal margin slightly convex, apex pronounced and acute, outer margin slightly concave from apex to Rs3, inner margin convex. DFW ground colour ochrish-brown with numerous indistinct, transverse thin, dark brown stripes and dots over entire surface; anal area with a single detached black spot; U-shaped band brown, darker posteriorly, not reaching A vein, the proximal arm with a conspicuous silver irregular spot concolorous with the silver and oblique stigma; premarginal and marginal bands barely visible, slightly darker than ground colour; evenly spaced white spine-like specialized scales on the veins. DHW ground colour greyish-brown, costal margin distally brown with some darker spots. VFW and VHW greyish-brown with apex and veins distally dark yellow. Abdomen. First two segments dorsally and ventrally concolorous with metathorax, segments III to VIII dorsally black with some dark blue reflecting scales, lighter posteriorly on each segment, ventrally pale yellow as the metathorax. Male genitalia. Not dissected (male holotype and paratypes not available). Description. Female (Figs 13 a–b). Head. Antenna with ~30 antenomeres. Thorax. FW length: 75–89 mm, width: 30–34 mm (ratio ~2.5), wingspan: 150–180 mm. DFW ground colour light brown to yellowish-brown; U-band indistinct, yellow-brown; stigma absent. DHW with apical area concolorous with DFW. Abdomen. As for the ♂. Female genitalia. Not dissected. Geographical distribution. Schausiana phalerus is known only from single localities in the eastern Mexican states of Puebla and Veracruz (Fig. 48). Host plants. Unknown. Etymology. It is likely the specific name comes from Greek mythology, son of Alcon from Athens. Remarks. Schausiana phalerus is only known from three specimens. Although none of the specimens were dissected, the wing ornamentation presents some features that clearly separate this species from Schausiana chalciope sp. nov. (see diagnosis). The presence of specialized scales on the FW of both ♂ and ♀ places this species in Schausiana.Published as part of Mielke, Carlos G. C., Grehan, John R. & Monzón-Sierra, José, 2020, Taxonomic revision of Schausiana Viette with two new species from Guatemala and notes on biogeography and correlated tectonics (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), pp. 67-91 in Zootaxa 4860 (1) on pages 75-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4860.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/441350
Gymelloxes juliusboosi Mielke & Grehan & Cock 2020, sp. nov.
No full textGymelloxes juliusboosi, sp. nov. (Figs 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 16, 17, 18, 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d) = Aepytus terea (Schaus): Cock (2003: 50) = Gymelloxes terea (Schaus): Cock (2017: 4) Diagnosis. Gymelloxes juliusboosi, sp. nov., can be distinguished from G. terea and G. prosopus only by examination of the sternite VII and VIII and the male genitalia. In G. juliusboosi, sp. nov., the sternite VII is hourglass shaped and the sternite VIII is membranous, while in all its congeneric species the former structure is rectangular and the second is sclerotized, respectively. The unique, conspicuous, mesal process of the posterior margin of the saccus is diagnostic for G. juliusboosi, sp. nov., while in G. terea and G. prosopus, the homologous structure is represented by two short, apically flat, and peg-like projections lateral to the median (Grehan & Mielke 2017). Description. Male (Figs 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b). Head. Antenna bipectinate with ~32 antenomeres; dorsal surface with lamellate scales, dorsal apex with tuft of longer narrow scales; flagellum inner surface carpeted with sensilla trichodea, outer surface with scattered sensilla chaetica. Eyes prominent, bulging from head. Head vestiture with erect orangish-brown scales over vertex, frons, and mouthparts. Intra antenna-ocular scales short, indistinct from vertex scales. Labial palp short, covering scales short and reddish brown. Thorax. Coloured as the head. Legs. Epiphysis and arolium absent. Forewing length: 18–24 mm; wingspan: 38–49 mm. Forewing dorsally. Elongated, tornus shallow; costal margin straight, slightly concave mid-length, apex blunt, outer margin convex, inner margin slightly convex. Ground colour pale yellowish-brown to light brown; stigma light yellow; when darker markings of light grey present, then basal area distinct greyish-brown concolours to postdiscal, premarginal bands and central patch proximately greyish-brown, and about six greyish-black bands between coastal margin and Sc/Rs. Hindwing dorsally. Orangish-brown, lighter than forewing. Forewing and hindwing ventrally. Uniformly coloured, light orangish-brown, but paler than forewing and without markings. Abdomen (Figs 16–18). Dorsally as the thorax, ventrally lighter; tip of the abdomen with longer scales. Tergum VII slightly narrower and longer than tergum VI. Tergum VIII with convex posterior margin. Sternum VII rectangular and constricted at mid-length. Sternum VIII membranous (see remarks). Male genitalia (Figs 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d). Tegumen (= intermediate plate) slightly distinct, but fused to pseudotegumen and projected dorso-posteriorly to form the digitiform process with the tergal lobes and the pseudotegumen. Saccus U-shaped, projected and tapered anteriorly; anterior margin broad, posterior and lateral margins projecting ventral to form a vertical wall or shelf with a single conspicuous mesal process, apically indented. Tergal lobes sclerotized, digitiform, projected posteriorly with rounded apex, and fused to pseudotegumen. Pseudotegumen rectangular; dorsal projection as for the tegumen; ventrally fused, curved ventrally with ventral apex strongly sclerotized. Valva spatulate, inner surface densely setose, apex rounded. Fultura inferior (= juxta) sclerotized, rectangular, wider than long, lateral and posterior margins slightly concave. Fultura superior (= trulleum) partially sclerotized in two rows of two irregular shaped blotches. Phallus membranous except for distal region covered with numerous spicules. Female (Figs 9a, 9b). Examined only as a photograph. Same pattern as the male, but paler and longer forewing. Forewing length: 47 mm; wingspan: 102 mm. Geographical distribution. Gymelloxes juliusboosi, sp. nov., is only known from Trinidad and Tobago islands (Fig. 20). Ethology. All specimens at the type locality were attracted to light at dusk. Host plant. Unknown. Etymology. Gymelloxes juliusboosi, sp. nov., is dedicated to the late Julius O. Boos (Boos 2010), who shared his deep knowledge of the Lepidoptera and ecology of Trinidad with the third author. Type material. Holotype male with the following labels (separated by forward slashes): / HOLOTYPUS, Gymelloxes juliusboosi C. Mielke, Grehan & Cock des. 2018/ Aepytus (Gymelloxes) terea Schaus male, Det. M.J.W. Cock 2001/ Trinidad, W.I., Off Saunders Road, Inniss Field, c. 50 m, At beginning of track to dam, MV light, dusk- 22.10h, 17.v.1999, M.J.W. Cock [leg.]/ Illustrated in Cock (2003), Living World. Plate 1.42/ (NHMUK). Figs 7a, 7b. Paratypes (in total 3 males and 1 female). All Trinidad and Tobago. 1 male, same data as the holotype (35.247 Col. C. Mielke; CGCM)); 1 male, Trinidad, St. George Co., Curepe, MVL: 22.–31.V.1982, M. J. W. Cock leg. (CMNH); 1 female, Trinidad, Morne Bleu, Textel Installation: 5.V.1989, R. G. Brown & T. Cassie leg. (UWIZM CABI.3927); 1 male, Tobago, Charlotteville, at light: 14.–18.VI.1999, R. Hammond leg. (UWIZM). Remarks. The membranous sternite VIII present in Gymelloxes juliusboosi, sp. nov., is an apomorphy, since all other Gymelloxes spp. examined show a sclerotized and undifferentiated sternite VIII. The newly described species is recorded from Tobago (Cock 2017) as well as Trinidad. Records are from both the north and south of Trinidad, mostly from forested situations up to 700 m (Morne Bleu), but one record is from a suburban area (Curepe).Published as part of Mielke, Carlos G. C., Grehan, John R. & Cock, Matthew J. W., 2020, Ghost-moths of Trinidad and Tobago with description of a new genus and a new species (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), pp. 181-190 in Zootaxa 4758 (1) on pages 187-189, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4758.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/373077
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