10,051 research outputs found
I blocchi di Gow-Gates, di Akinosi-Vazirani e di Mariuzzi eseguiti da un neofita
No full textSummary
After patient’s informed consent, the novice’s ability to learn three different nerve block techniques and their efficacy were studied. The first stage of learning was the performance of Gow-Gates and Akinosi-Vazirani mandibular nerve blocks, and Mariuzzi inferior alveolar nerve block, on three groups of patients scheduled for oral surgery. Then, the blocks were performed again on 25 (Gow-Gates), 20 (Akinosi-Vazirani) and 20 (Mariuzzi) patients. In this second stage of study the necessity for further infiltrations, the pain due to the block, the intra and postoperative pain, the number of positive aspirations, the pulp test on ipsilateral first premolar and central incisive were studied. In all patients prilocaine 3% with felypressin, 1.8 ml, were used. The learning stage was over after 13 patients treated with the Gow-Gates block, 14 with Akinosi-Vazirani block and 10 with Mariuzzi block. The variations of the first premolar sensitivity, were evaluated with the pulp test only when, an anaesthesia delay of the central incisive was observed. During the second stage of study, anaesthesia after Gow-Gates block, resulted earlier on first premolar than on central incisive. The patients treated with the Gow-Gates technique did not need further blocks of buccinator nerve, whereas the other patients needed it, (Akinosi-Vazirani 9 infiltrations, p<0,01; Mariuzzi 7 infiltrations, p<0,01). From results it appears that pain was light during block execution and absent during surgery, postoperative analgesia was prolonged and there were three positive aspirations during Gow-Gates blocks execution. The anaesthesia delay regarding the central incisive, observed after Gow-Gates block, may be explained by several factors: accessory innervations, peripheral nerve fibres located in the core of mandibular nerve, local anaesthetic dilution in tissues, etc
Comparison between two regional anaesthesia techniques performer by inexperienced operators: the Gow-Gates block versus the Kenneth Reed block.
No full textAim. The aim was to compare the efficacy of Kenneth Reed and Gow-Gates inferior alveolar nerve blocks when performed by an inexperienced operator. Methods A group of 60 patients was randomised into two groups. One group had the Kenneth Reed technique used to administer an inferior alveolar nerve block whilst the other received the Gow-Gates technique. The efficacy of nerve block produced was evaluated both clinically and by electric pulp tester. Radiographic examination was undertaken to determine the spread of local anaesthetic. Results There were no significant differences in success rate of anaesthesia between groups. The failure rate for the Gow-Gates technique was 16.6%, whilst the failure rate for the Kenneth Reed technique was 23.3%. Time to onset was less with the Kenneth Reed technique. Radiographic examination showed the solution was more widely distributed after the Kenneth Reed block had been used. Conclusions Our research has demonstrated that the Kenneth Reed technique is equally effective at producing anaesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve. Compared with conventional techniques there is a lower incidence of positive aspiration and potential for lower morbidity as the local anaesthetic is deposited further from the neurovascular bundle than when deposited near the mandibular foramen as in most conventional Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block techniques
Metadata Representations for Queryable ML Model Zoos
No full textMachine learning (ML) practitioners and organizations are building model zoos of pre-trained models, containing metadata describing properties of the ML models and datasets that are useful for reporting, auditing, reproducibility, and interpretability purposes. The metatada is currently not standardised; its expressivity is limited; and there is no interoperable way to store and query it. Consequently, model search, reuse, comparison, and composition are hindered. In this paper, we advocate for standardized ML model metadata representation and management, proposing a toolkit supported to help practitioners manage and query that metadata.Web Information SystemsHuman-Centred Artificial Intelligenc
A Manifesto of Nodalism
Get PDFThis paper proposes the notion of Nodalism as a means describing contemporary culture and of understanding my own creative practice in electronic music composition. It draws on theories and ideas from Kirby, Bauman, Bourriaud, Deleuze, Guatarri, and Gochenour, to demonstrate how networks of ideas or connectionist neural models of cognitive behaviour can be used to contextualize, understand and become a creative tool for the creation of contemporary electronic music
The Gow-Gates’ block. training, clinical and X-ray evaluation
No full textObiettivo. Lo scopo di questa ricerca consistette nell’identificare i tempi necessari per l’apprendimento della tecnica di blocco del nervo mandibolare secondo Gow-Gates e nel valutare l’efficacia, l’affidabilità e gli effetti collaterali quando l’operatore aveva familiarizzato con la tecnica e, infine, nello studio della diffusibilità dell’anestetico locale nello spazio pterigomandibolare.
Metodi. In una prima serie di 30 pazienti il blocco di Gow-Gates venne effettuato a scopo di apprendimento. Nella seconda serie di 31 pazienti il blocco di Gow-Gates era stato eseguito quando l’operatore aveva acquisito la totale padronanza della tecnica. Il volume di anestetico locale impiegato corrispondeva a 2,2 ml iniettato nell’aspetto laterale del collo del condilo nel rispetto delle impostazioni geometriche predisposte per l’esecuzione del blocco. Nei pazienti del secondo gruppo era stata valutata la sensibilità del primo premolare e primo molare inferiore, omolaterale al blocco, mediante pulp test e valutati gli effetti collaterali accusati durante l’esecuzione del blocco e la qualità del blocco. In due volontari sani era stata infine valutata la diffusibilità di 1,8 ml di anestetico locale nello spazio pterigomandibolare mediante risonanza magnetica.
Risultati. L’acquisizione della tecnica richiese un periodo di apprendimento di due settimane nel corso delle quali vennero eseguiti 30 blocchi consecutivi. L’incidenza dei successi in questo periodo corrispose al 76%. L’incidenza dei successi nella fase di padronanza della tecnica corrispose al 97%. L’abolizione della sensibilità alla massima stimolazione elettrica del primo premolare risultò più ritardata (10 minuti circa) rispetto a quella del primo molare (7 minuti circa) e l’incidenza di effetti collaterali è risultata limitata a sensazione di fastidio o di rigonfiamento, mentre pressoché nulla è risultata l’intensità di dolore durante l’esecuzione del blocco. La profondità dell’analgesia ottenuta permise di effettuare interventi di estrazioni chirurgiche semplici ed interventi sulla polpa ricorrendo a blocchi aggiuntivi in un solo caso. L’indagine radiologica della zona di iniezione dell’anestetico locale ha dimostrato un riempimento incompleto, specie nella parte inferiore dello spazio pterigomandibolare.
Conclusioni. Lo studio dimostra che la tecnica di Gow-Gates può sostituire quella convenzionale ed evitare i blocchi supplementari di tronchi nervosi. Dopo un breve periodo di apprendimento può essere eseguita con successo ottenendo una incidenza molto elevata di risultati positivi purché vengano utilizzati volumi di anestetico locale superiori o almeno uguali al volume dello spazio pterigomandibolare. Il blocco di Gow-Gates infine è ben tollerato dal paziente e la sua esecuzione provoca livelli di intensità di dolore pressoché nulli
Optimizing ML Inference Queries Under Constraints
No full textThe proliferation of pre-trained ML models in public Web-based model zoos facilitates the engineering of ML pipelines to address complex inference queries over datasets and streams of unstructured content. Constructing optimal plan for a query is hard, especially when constraints (e.g. accuracy or execution time) must be taken into consideration, and the complexity of the inference query increases. To address this issue, we propose a method for optimizing ML inference queries that selects the most suitable ML models to use, as well as the order in which those models are executed. We formally define the constraint-based ML inference query optimization problem, formulate it as a Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) problem, and develop an optimizer that maximizes accuracy given constraints. This optimizer is capable of navigating a large search space to identify optimal query plans on various model zoos.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Web Information SystemsHuman-Centred Artificial Intelligenc
AI4SD Series: Machine learning summer school
No full textThis is a record of all of the talks from the AI4SD Machine Learning Summer School that took place in 2022:1. Introduction to Python - Mr Samuel Munday (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P01162. Introduction to GitHub - Mr Samuel Munday (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P01213. Using RDKit - Mr Samuel Munday (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P01174. ML1: Mathematical Foundations for ML - Prof Mahesan Niranjan (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/AI3SD02625. ML2: Estimation with Machine Learning - Prof Mahesan Niranjan (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/AI3SD02636. ML3: Classification and Clustering - Prof Mahesan Niranjan (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/AI3SD02647. ML4: Linear Regression to Perceptron Convergence - Prof Mahesan Niranjan (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/AI3SD02658. ML5: Radial Basis Functions and Multi-Layer Perceptrons - Prof Mahesan Niranjan (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/AI3SD02669. Project Management & Collaborative Data Management - Dr Samantha Kanza (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P011510. Intro to LaTeX - Dr Samantha Kanza (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P012011. LaTeX & Overleaf - Dr Nicola Knight (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P012312. Ethics & Writing Ethics Applications - Dr Samantha Kanza (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P014813. Referencing & Referencing Managers - Dr Nicola Knight (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P011414. Collaborative Presentations & Reports - Dr Samantha Kanza (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P013915. Presentation Skills - Dr Nicola Knight (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P013716. ML6: Reinforcement Learning in Chemistry - Dr Stephen Gow (University of Southampton) - http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/AI3SD019
Building a generalisable ML pipeline at ING
No full textAdvances in data science have caused an increase in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically Machine Learning (ML), throughout various fields. Not only in research but in the industry as well, has ML been receiving increasing amounts of interest. Many companies rely on ML models to increase the efficiency of existing processes or offer new services and products. The industry, however, is facing several additional challenges compared to the academic context. One of those challenges is applying the Development Operations (DevOps) model to an ML application, also referred to as MLOps. This thesis sets out to find the specific challenges that practitioners encounter while operationalising ML models. To do so, we perform a single-case case study on an ML pipeline built by the Trade & Communication Surveillance team at the ING bank. This case study consists of conducting a set of interviews and performing a manual code inspection of the pipeline. The team faces challenges ranging from having insufficient time for operationalising each ML project individually to operating in the highlyregulated fintech context. Their pipeline is able to deploy a single ML model but it does not generalise well to other projects. We present the first version of an application that mitigates these challenges. The application is able to deploy ML models to the development environment at ING and can be operated by data scientists to reduce the effort of operationalising an ML model. Computer Science | Software Technolog
'Project smells' - Experiences in Analysing the Software Quality of ML Projects with mllint
No full textMachine Learning (ML) projects incur novel challenges in their development and productionisation over traditional software applications, though established principles and best practices in ensuring the project's software quality still apply. While using static analysis to catch code smells has been shown to improve software quality attributes, it is only a small piece of the software quality puzzle, especially in the case of ML projects given their additional challenges and lower degree of Software Engineering (SE) experience in the data scientists that develop them. We introduce the novel concept of project smells which consider deficits in project management as a more holistic perspective on software quality in ML projects. An open-source static analysis tool mllint was also implemented to help detect and mitigate these. Our research evaluates this novel concept of project smells in the industrial context of ING, a global bank and large software- and data-intensive organisation. We also investigate the perceived importance of these project smells for proof-of-concept versus production-ready ML projects, as well as the perceived obstructions and benefits to using static analysis tools such as mllint. Our findings indicate a need for context-aware static analysis tools, that fit the needs of the project at its current stage of development, while requiring minimal configuration effort from the user. Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Software EngineeringSoftware Technolog
Audiomobiles, Sculptures and Conundrums
No full textRoberto Gerhard was a pioneer of electronic music in England creating a number of substantial concert, theatre and radio works from as early as 1954. Gerhard’s electronic music is one of the richest repositories for understanding the development of the composer’s late compositional technique. Apart from the Symphony no.3, ‘Collages’, none of Gerhard’s electronic music is published. This paper will discuss aspects of Gerhard’s electronic music, focusing on Audiomobiles (1958-59) and Sculptures (1963)
- …
