93 research outputs found
Extracellular Matrix Dynamics in Biology, Bioengineering, and Pathology
No full textThis eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac
Strategic Green Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Application to 4-Nitrophenol Reduction of Palladium Nanoparticles
No full textThe Impact of micro-tunnelling on adjacent pile foundations: Numerical modelling of micro-tunnel excavation in PLAXIS
No full textA series of finite element simulations via PLAXIS were carried out to investigate the effects of micro- tunnelling on nearby pile foundations. A numerical model concerning the large diameter tunnel boring machine was first established based on identical properties of the centrifuge experiment executed by Loganathan et al. (2000). Results from numerical simulation were validated by measured data from the centrifuge test. After the validation of the numerical modelling method, the model was adjusted to match the case of micro-tunnel and a new model regarding the micro-tunnelling procedure was generated based on geotechnical conditions of the North/South Metro Line Amsterdam. The Hardening Soil constitutive model was chosen for all soil layers. In the model, the condition of single bored pile with working load was activated in the greenfield condition before the simulation of micro- tunnel. Advancement procedure of the micro-tunnel was simulated, and pile responses were collected under the plane strain condition. Based on the study of the model, two load transfer mechanisms of piles during tunnel-pile interaction process were identified. Impact of tunnel advancement on adjacent piles was also interpreted. A set of parametric studies were implemented to study changes of pile settlement and bearing capacity with increasing volume loss. An influence zone around the micro- tunnel respecting the potential of pile critical movements was established. Although the lack of field data makes the validation of results hard, comparison with analytical prediction and measured data from the centrifuge test shows good agreements for soil movements and pile responses. The results of this research remain to be validated by field data but it can provide insights into the problem of the impact of micro-tunnelling on piles.Geo-Engineerin
Soft magnetic materials for aerospace applications
No full textThis author collated and reviewed existing literature regarding soft magnetic materials, to better
understand the materials suited for aerospace applications and compare the functionality and
characteristics of these given materials. It is quickly clear that Fe-Co alloys are the most
attractive candidates for usage in an electric engine, and review was narrowed to a focus on the
aforementioned material. The consensus that followed was the observation that the Fe-Co-V
ternary alloy would exhibit the most suitable attributes for the given application. This report then
follows the different routes taken to improve the Fe-Co-V alloy and comparatively analyse the
effectiveness of the different alloying elements and processing methods suggested in the relevant
literature.Bachelor of Engineering (Materials Engineering
The implementation of a risk based maintenance policy to a power plant
No full textThe unexpected failures, the down time (outage) associated with such failures, the loss of production of power and, the higher maintenance costs are major problems in operation of thermal power plants. The unexpected failure of an equipments and systems causes economic risk and can be minimized using an effective maintenance strategy. The risk based approach ensures a strategy, which is cost effective. Such an approach uses the information obtained from the study of failure modes and their consequences. -- The purpose of the thesis is to develop and show how to implement a risk based maintenance (RBM) policy to a power plant. This quantitative approach will provide a basis for selection of the best alternative strategy to minimize the risk resulting from breakdowns or failures. -- The proposed methodology is comprised of three modules: risk assessment, risk evaluation, and maintenance planning. This work presents a mechanism for the study of the occurrence of failures and functional failures in equipment and the severity of their consequences, known as risk. Maintenance of equipment is prioritized based on the risk, and the reduction in overall risk of the plant is accomplished by focusing on the maintenance of high-risk items first. To the author's knowledge this quantitative approach has not been developed before. -- The study is conducted for Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro, Holyrood thermal power generation plant. Failure data is collected from the existing power station (Unit 3-150 MW) over a period of twelve years. The data is modeled using Weibull and Exponential distributions to estimate the parameters. A probabilistic risk analysis is performed to quantify the risk at the plant. An acceptable risk criterion is determined and the major systems and subsystems that are found to have a risk higher than acceptable risk are identified. The maintenance interval is calculated by reverse or target probability analysis for reducing the level or risk resulting from the failure of a system. -- To conclude, the risk based maintenance strategy can be employed to prioritize the systems for maintenance planning, and to improve the existing maintenance policies. In addition, this strategy provides cost-effective means for maintenance as well it minimizes the consequences (safety, economic and environment) related to a system failure.Bibliography: leaves 88-91
Analysis of Roanoke Region Weather Patterns Under Global Teleconnections
No full textThis work attempts to relate global teleconnections, through physical phenomena such as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Artic Oscillation (AO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the Pacific North American (PNA) pattern to synoptic-scale weather patterns and precipitation in the Roanoke, Virginia region. The first chapter describes the behavior of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) by implementing non-homogeneous and homogeneous Markov Chain models on a monthly time series of the Troup Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), a sea level pressure based index. Meanwhile, in the second chapter the author has related or an attempt has been made to relate global teleconnections (through ENSO and AO) to a synoptic scale, station-centered set of weather types in order to assess trends in precipitation. The final portion of this work describes spatial variability of seasonal precipitation in southwestern Virginia in a context that incorporates global teleconnections (through AO, PNA, NAO, and ENSO) and frontogenesis. It was found that the Markov property can be used to describe and predict the monthly evolution of ENSO. Also evident is an increased probability of a wetter spring in the Roanoke region when El Nino combines with the negative phase of the AO during the previous winter. Meanwhile, Roanoke winters subsequent to a fall season described by this same El Nino-AO condition are predicted to receive more precipitation than average. This work additionally showed possible trends between frontal-precipitation events in the Roanoke region and global teleconnections.Master of Scienc
A study verifying the simulation of market trading with Dynamic Pari-Mutuel mechanism using Python
No full textWagering is common in various arenas that include but not limited to horse racing, casinos, financial markets and stock trading. Several market mechanisms are used in these markets to predict the outcome based on the available information and make an educated decision in an investment involving huge risks. One such market mechanism is the Dynamic Pari-Mutuel market mechanism developed by Pennock.
In this study I describe a python based implementation of the mathematical models used in Dynamic Pari-Mutuel mechanism. The simulation that simulates the market transactions is then validated by verifying if the price generated for each purchase transaction follows a random walk path. This work would be a gate-way leading to opportunities to study various complicated market scenarios by extending the existing capabilities of the simulation.Item withdrawn by Laura Spradlin ([email protected]) on 2014-04-29T20:35:58Z
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A Study of Aerodynamic Drag of Contemporary Footballs
No full textAbstractMost modern footballs possess varied surface characteristics which can affect the flight trajectory of the football. Although the aerodynamic behavior of other sports balls have been studied well, little information is available about the aerodynamic behavior of newly introduced footballs with varied seam configurations and number of panels. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to understand the surface characteristics mainly the seam depth and seam height and their effects on aerodynamic of a range of new generation balls. Four new generation footballs: Kapanya, Cafusa, Tango and Brazuca were selected for this study. Seam length and depth of seam for each ball were measured using 3D scanning technology and also manual measurement. Additionally, the aerodynamic drag forces were measured using wind tunnel over a range of wind speeds for two positions of each ball. It was found that the seam length and depth of seam have influence on the aerodynamic drag of these modern footballs. Results also indicate that the sideway variation of aerodynamic drag is minimal for the Brazuca ball. As a result, this ball may have better stability in flight. The lowest aerodynamic drag was found for the Cafusa ball at high speeds which indicates that this ball is suitable for long distance pass. However, it has highest sideway drag variation that may cause instability in flight
A Study of Dimple Characteristics on Golf Ball Drag
No full textAbstractDimples on the golf ball have significant effect on its aerodynamic properties as well as the flight trajectory. The aerodynamic of golf ball is still not fully understood in spite of a significant number of published data in the open literature. Most studies were conducted using the wind tunnel testing and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. This paper examines the aerodynamic effect of dimple depth on golf balls. 3D printing technology was used to manufacture 11 balls with varied dimple depth. RMIT Aero Wind Tunnel was used to measure the drag forces over a range of wind speeds. It was found that the drag coefficient of golf ball varied significantly due to varied dimple geometry. The results indicate that the increase of the dimple depth ratio or surface roughness of the golf ball can shift the transition to a lower Reynolds number and increase the drag coefficient in transcritical regime. The results also established a positive linear correlation between relative roughness and drag coefficient
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