16 research outputs found
A study on development of indigenous integrated microwave-ultraviolet reactor for degradation of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">p</i>-cresol in aqueous solution
No full text458-462An integrated microwave-ultraviolet
(MW-UV) reactor has been developed indigenously and used for the degradation of
aqueous p-cresol. The p-cresol degradation is
carried out in six phases, namely (i) microwave irradiation (MW),
(ii) photodegradation with UV light (UV), (iii) simultaneous microwave and
ultraviolet radiations (MW-UV), (iv) microwave in presence of TiO2
(MW-TiO2), (v) photodegradation by UV and TiO2 (UV-TiO2),
and (vi) simultaneous MW and UV irradiations in presence of TiO2
(MW-UV-TiO2). T<span style="mso-bidi-language:
TA" lang="EN-GB">he order of the degradation efficiency is found to be
MW-UV-TiO2>UV-TiO2>MW-TiO2>UV-MW>UV>MW.
The complete degradation of p-cresol is
obtained by
MW-UV-TiO2 and it is three-fold economical
in catalyst requirement than UV-TiO2. The degradation of p-cresol followed pseudo first order
reaction and the reaction rate (k) for MW-UV-TiO2 is found to be 3
times greater than that for UV-TiO2. The MW-UV-TiO2 is also
2.3 times efficient in the removal of total organic carbon than UV-TiO2.
It is also observed that the unit operating cost of conventional UV-TiO2
and MW-UV-TiO2 is almost same.
</span
Effect of Substrate to Inoculum ratio (S/I) on Liquefaction and Biomethanation of Fish Market Waste
No full text699-702This study presents effect of pre-treatment using anaerobic microbial inoculum on solubilisation of
fish waste. Solubilization of fish waste in pre- treatment using anaerobic
inoculum, 2.3 times was more when compared with control. From biochemical
methane potential (BMP) studies, FW with pre- treatment using anaerobic
inoculums, generated 0.36 m3 / kg VSd which was 1.3
times more than the control. Similarly methane generation of 0.29 m3 / kg VSa, it was 0.7 times lower than that reported in
literature
Influence of Inoculum on Nutrient removal and Biopolymers production from Fish waste
No full text707-709This
study presents influence of anaerobic inoculum on nutrient removal during
digestion of the fish waste. Nutrient removal during digestion of fish waste
was 83.3 % for the substrate / Inoculum (S/I) ratio of 10:2 more when compared
with control without inoculum. Digestate treated with aerobic inoculum results
in biopolymer production of 30 ml for the S/I of 10:1 and was separated using
non- polar solvent (chloroform), generated polymer was 6 times higher than the
control without inoculum
Enhancement of biomethanization by pretreatment of limed fleshingsfrom tanneries
No full text711-716This study presents effect of
pretreatment using anaerobic inoculum (PT-AI) and thermo-chemical pretreatment
(PT-TC) on
solubilization of limed
fleshings (LFs). Solubilization of LF in PT-AI (93.3%) was more than PT-TC.
From biochemical
methane potential (BMP)
studies, LFs with PT-AI generated 0.16 m3 of CH4 /kg CODtotal added, which was 2.7 and 1.5 times
more than LFs pretreated with NaOH and KOH respectively
Degradation of phenol and <i style="">m</i>-cresol in aqueous solutions using indigenously developed microwave-ultraviolet reactor
No full text71-76A MW-UV reactor was developed indigenously for
degradation of aqueous phenol and m-cresol (degradation efficiency, MW-UV-TiO2 >
UV-TiO2 > MW-TiO2 > MW-UV > UV > MW). Maximum
degradation of phenol (85%) and m-cresol (92%) by MW-UV-TiO2 and MW-UV-TiO2 was three folds faster in
reaction time and catalyst requirement than UV-TiO2 method.
Degradation of phenol and m-cresol in
reactor followed pseudo first order reaction and reaction rate (k) for
MW-UV-TiO2 was 2.2 times greater than UV-TiO2 and greater
(17 times for phenol and 22 times for m-cresol)
than other processes. MW-UV-TiO2 was 2.3 times more efficient in removal of TOC than conventional photocatalytic method
Bioethanol Production from Paper Fibre Residue Using Diluted Alkali Hydrolysis and the Fermentation Process
No full textThe state of art for the bioethanol production from paper fibre residue using diluted alkali hydrolysis and fermentation processes was evaluated. Hydrolysis of paper fibre residue with diluted sodium hydroxide at various time period, temperature and concentration were investigated. The paper fibre residue was pre-steamed, impregnated with diluted NaOH (0 to 25%) and subsequently hydrolyzed in a reactor at temperatures that ranged between 30 to 50 oC, for reaction time between 30 minutes to 150 minutes. The highest yield of monosaccharide (indicating the efficient hydrolysis of cellulose and hemi cellulose) was found at a temperature of 35 oC for a reaction time of 90 minutes. Fermentability of hemicelluloses hydrolysate was tested using monosaccharide fermenting microorganism Penicillium chrysogenum and Saccharomyces cereviacea. The fermentability of the hydrolysate decreased strongly for hydrolysate produced at temperature higher than 50 oC. The ethanol concentration of monosaccharide hydrolysate was found to be 34.06 g/L and the ethanol yield was 0.097 g/g
Study of a passive pitching rotor using blade element momentum theory coupled to a rigid-body model
No full textMisaligned wind turbine rotors experience uneven loads because of two effects: dissymmetry of lift, and skewed wake effect. Rotor-crafts that have a similar problem introduce various mechanisms to combat this - one of them is to add a δ3-hinge. The hinge provides the blade with an additional degree of freedom to relieve the unbalanced loads; in theory, it is a self-correcting mechanism. In this work, we couple a blade element momentum (BEM) approach for the aerodynamics to a rigid-body model that simulates the hinge rotation. The results from BEM are used to identify the working mechanisms of the hinged rotor and highlight the strengths and weaknesses of such a rotor. Wind Energ
Effect of recirculation rate on anaerobic treatment of fleshing using UASB reactor with recovery of energy
No full text790-793This study presents performance of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor in treating liquefied fleshings (LFs)with tannery wastewater (TWW) using liquefaction reactor (LR). With increase in recirculation rate, methane production increasedin LR than in UASB reactor due to methanogenic bacteria in LR. UASB reactor with continuous feeding of LFs andTWW resulted with cumulative methane in UASB reactor (128 l) and LR (145 l)
An immersed boundary method based on domain decomposition
No full textA novel immersed boundary method based on a domain decomposition approach is proposed in the context of a finite element discretisation method. It is applicable to incompressible flows past rigid, deforming, or moving bodies. In this method, unlike most immersed boundary methods, strong boundary conditions are imposed in the regions of the computational domain that are occupied by the structure. In order to achieve this, the proposed formulation decomposes the computational domain by splitting the finite element test functions into solid and fluid parts. In the continuous Galerkin formulation, this produces a smeared representation of the fluid-structure interface. The absence of an immersed boundary forcing term implies that the method itself has no influence on the CFL stability criterion. Furthermore, the stiffness matrix in the momentum equation is sparser than compared with other forcing immersed boundary methods, and symmetry and positive-definiteness of the Laplacian operator in the pressure equation is preserved. As shown in this paper, stability and accurate imposition of boundary conditions make the method promising for high Reynolds number flows. The method is applied to the simulations of two-dimensional laminar flow over stationary and moving cylinders, as well as a moderately high Reynolds number flow past an aerofoil. Good results are obtained when compared with those from previous experimental and numerical studies.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Wind Energ
