1,849,372 research outputs found

    RAM function is dependent on Kapβ2-mediated nuclear entry

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    Eukaryotic gene expression is dependent on the modification of the first transcribed nucleotide of pre-mRNA by the addition of the 7-methylguanosine cap. The cap protects transcripts from exonucleases and recruits complexes which mediate transcription elongation, processing and translation initiation. The cap is synthesised by a series of reactions which link 7-methylguanosine to the first transcribed nucleotide via a 5' to 5' triphosphate bridge. In mammals, cap synthesis is catalysed by the sequential action of RNGTT (RNA guanylyltransferase and 5'-phosphatase) and RNMT (RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase), enzymes recruited to RNA pol II during the early stages of transcription. We recently discovered that the mammalian cap methyltransferase is a heterodimer consisting of RNMT and the RNMT-activating subunit, RAM (RNMT-activating mini-protein). RAM activates and stabilises RNMT and thus is critical for cellular cap methylation and cell viability. Here we report that RNMT interacts with the N-terminal 45 amino acids of RAM, a domain necessary and sufficient for maximal RNMT activation. In contrast, smaller components of this RAM domain are sufficient to stabilise RNMT. RAM functions in the nucleus and we report that nuclear import of RAM is dependent on PY nuclear localisation signals and Kapß2 nuclear transport protein

    Numerical simulation of ram extrusion in short-fiber-reinforced fresh cementitious composites

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    This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final published article is available from the link below. First published in JoMMS in 4(10), 2009, published by Mathematical Sciences Publishers.A series of ram extrusion tests was carried out on a short-fiber-reinforced, semisolid, fresh cementitious composite. An elastoviscoplastic constitutive model is proposed for the extrudable fresh cementitious composite. It features the associative flow rule, a nonlinear strain rate-hardening law, and the von Mises yield criterion. The model is then implemented in ANSYS/LS-DYNA explicit finite element code. Various ram extrusion processes of the fresh cementitious composite were simulated. It has been found that the extrusion load versus imposed displacement predictions agree well with the experimental results. The fresh paste flow, through the die entry and the die-land, is then interpreted in light of the evolution of the deformation and distribution of state variables, mainly based on numerical results and the ram extrusion mechanism. The effects of extrusion ratio and extrusion velocity on extrusion load are also investigated, based on the mechanical properties of the fresh cementitious composite. The study indicates that the numerical procedure established, together with the constitutive model proposed, is applicable for describing ram extrusion of short-fiber-reinforced fresh cementitious composites, which might provide a numerical rheometric tool from which ram extrusion of elastoviscoplastic paste-like materials can be examined and quantified.Hong Kong Research Grant Council and China Ministry of Science and Technology

    Quaestiones variae ex variis iuris Pontificii ac Caesarei sedibus collectae

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    de quibus ... pro adipiscendis in utroque iure insignibus, ac privilegiis doctoralibus disputabit Chrstianus Ram Stetinensis Pomer. Ad 9. Septemb.Enthält 24 ThesenDiss. iur. Basel, 159

    De obiectis fidei theologicae in communi

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    quam in ... Universitate Dilingana praeside Matthia Ram ... publice proponet ... M. Matthaeus Edelmann Rottenburgensis ... mense Augusto M.DC.LXIIIDiss. Univ. Dillingen, 166

    Two degree of freedom motion control of an energy optimized aircraft ram air inlet actuators

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    A high accurate position control structure for energy optimal actuation of an aircraft ram air inlet actuator is presented in this paper. The structure comprises a feedforward planning of the energy optimal reference motion profile, and a feedback position control with an inner loop for speed tracking control using a robust two degree of freedom (inverse disturbance observer) controller. The motion control structure is validated by simulation and experimental results under different load conditions
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