1,421 research outputs found
Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
No full textGoodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F., Esposito, Lauren A. (2021): Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452): 1-93, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.
. mm 5 = bars Scale. aspect Ventral. B. aspect Dorsal. A. habitus,) 9073278 CASENT (♂, 1995 Sissom schmidti Centruroides. 36 FIGURE in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
No full text. mm 5 = bars Scale. aspect Ventral. B. aspect Dorsal. A. habitus,) 9073278 CASENT (♂, 1995 Sissom schmidti Centruroides. 36 FIGUREPublished as part of Goodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F. & Esposito, Lauren A., 2021, Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species, pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452) on page 66, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/582589
FIGURE 39. Centruroides hoffmanni Armas 1996 in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
No full textFIGURE 39. Centruroides hoffmanni Armas 1996, ♀ (CNAN SC3996), habitus. A. Dorsal aspect. B. Ventral aspect. Scale bars = 5 mm.Published as part of Goodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F. & Esposito, Lauren A., 2021, Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species, pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452) on page 69, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/582589
FIGURE 37. Centruroides schmidti Sissom 1995 in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
No full textFIGURE 37. Centruroides schmidti Sissom 1995, ♀ (CASENT 9073317), habitus. A. Dorsal aspect. B. Ventral aspect. Scale bars = 5 mmPublished as part of Goodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F. & Esposito, Lauren A., 2021, Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species, pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452) on page 67, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/582589
FIGURE 29 in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
No full textFIGURE 29. Centruroides cuauhmapan, sp. nov., ♀ (CNAN T01399), habitus. A. Dorsal aspect. B. Ventral aspect. Scale bars = 5 mm.Published as part of Goodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F. & Esposito, Lauren A., 2021, Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species, pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452) on page 57, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/582589
Centruroides berstoni Goodman & Prendini & Francke & Esposito 2021, sp. nov.
No full textCentruroides berstoni, sp. nov. Figures 1B, D, 2, 4, 6C, D, 9C, D, 13B, 14B, 17H, K, 18H, K, 19H, K, 20H, K, 21H, K, 22H, K, 23H, K, 24H, K, 25H, K, 34, 35, tables 1, 5, 10 Centruroides schmidti: Sissom, 1995: 94–96; figs. 10–18, table 1 (misidentification: paratypes from Escobas, Izabal, Guatemala). TYPE MATERIAL: GUATEMALA: Departamento Izabal: Município Livingston: Holotype ♂ (CASENT 9073325), paratype ♂ (CASENT 9073298), Río Dulce, Hotel Tijax, 15°39′51.2″N 89°00′14.6″W, 17 m, 24.ix.2019, A.M. Goodman, collected along gravel road of Hacienda Tijax Parking Lot, flanked by bamboo groves, and live fencing; 2 ♂ paratypes (CASENT 9073312, 9073326), 4 ♀ paratypes (CASENT 9073297, 9073313, 9073324, 9073368), Biotopo Chocón Machacas, 15°44′05.3″N 88°54′57.2″W, 15 m, 25.ix.2019, A.M. Goodman. ETYMOLOGY: The species name is a patronym honoring the late Hyman Maxwell Berston, the first author’s grandfather (1930–2021), who inspired his interest in natural history during childhood visits to the California Academy of Sciences. DIAGNOSIS: Centruroides berstoni is most closely related to C. hamadryas, from which it differs as follows. The carapace is sparsely granular, more densely so on the interocular triangle, in the female of C. berstoni but densely granular, with distinct lateral ocular carinae, in the female of C. hamadryas (fig. 6B, D). The pedipalp chela manus of the male is proportionally less incrassate in C. berstoni (figs. 13–15B) than C. hamadryas (fig. 13–15A, tables 4, 5). The retrodorsal carina of the chela manus is weakly granular and the dorsomedian carina absent in the male of C. berstoni (fig. 13B), whereas the retrodorsal carina is complete and the dorsomedian carina weakly developed and restricted to the distal half in the male of C. hamadryas (fig. 13A). The retrodorsal carina of the manus is finely granular and the prodorsal carina absent in the female of C. berstoni (fig. 14B), whereas the retrodorsal carina is complete and the prodorsal carina restricted to the distal third in the female of C. hamadryas (fig. 14A). The first leg of the male is greater than 2× the length of the carapace in C. berstoni but less than 2× its length in C. hamadryas (table 10). The dorsomedian carinae of the mesosomal tergites are weakly developed and restricted to the posterior half in C. berstoni but distinct and complete in C. hamadryas. The ventrolateral carinae of mesosomal sternite VII are weakly developed and the ventrosubmedian carinae absent in C. berstoni, whereas the ventrolateral and ventrosubmedian carinae are weakly developed to absent in C. hamadryas. The telson vesicle is sparsely setose in C. berstoni (figs. 23H, K, 24H, K, 25H, K), but densely setose in C. hamadryas (figs. 23B, E, 24B, E, 25B, E). Additional differences between C. berstoni and other species of the clade are as follows. The ventrosubmedian and ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segments I–IV in the male are weakly developed, smooth in C. berstoni (figs. 18H, 19H) but absent in C. catemacoensis (figs. 18, 19M), well developed in C. cuauhmapan (figs. 18, 19G), weakly developed on segments I–III, absent on IV in C. hamadryas (figs. 18–19B, 21–22B), and vestigial, smooth in C. rileyi (figs. 18, 19A, 21–22A). The metasomal carinae of the female are finely granular in C. berstoni (figs. 17–22K) but well developed, granular in C. catemacoensis (figs. 17–22P). The telson vesicle is short and not posteriorly bilobed in the male of C. berstoni (figs. 23–25H), unlike in C. cuauhmapan (figs. 23–25G) and C. rileyi (figs 23–25A), and with surfaces sparsely granular in the female of C. berstoni (figs. 23–25K), but smooth in the female of C. hamadryas (figs. 23–25E) and densely granular in the female of C. catemacoensis (figs. 23–25P), C. cuauhmapan (figs. 23–25J), and C. rileyi (figs. 23–25D). DESCRIPTION: The following description is based on the holotype male, with differences among other material noted in the section on variation. Coloration: Base color pale yellow, with extensive infuscation, creating mottled or marbled pattern. Carapace with uniformly infuscate marbling, more densely infuscate medially. Pedipalp chela fingers and manus, dorsal and retrolateral intercarinal surfaces with moderately infuscate marbling; prolateral and ventral intercarinal surfaces mostly immaculate. Legs retrolateral surfaces with infuscate marbling; prolateral surfaces pale, immaculate. Tergites with unformly infuscate mottling, pale stripe medially, blackish spots submedially, and faint, narrow bands laterally. Sternites pale, with faintly infuscate triangular to trapezoidal marking at posterior margin of III, fading to infuscate mottling on VII. Metasomal segments uniformly, faintly marbled; segment V and telson markedly infuscate, noticeably darker than preceding segments. Carapace: Shape trapezoidal; anterior width four-fifths of posterior width (table 5); anteromedian sulcus moderately deep, oval; posteromedian sulcus shallow anteriorly, deeper posteriorly; median ocular tubercle weakly granular; carinae moderately developed, comprising small to medium-sized granules (fig. 6C). Pedipalps: Orthobothriotaxic, Type A; femur dorsal trichobothria with α configuration; pedipalp chela fixed finger, trichobothrium db situated slightly distal to et. Femoral carinae serrate; retromedian carinae comprising spiniform granules; dorsal intercarinal surface moderately granular; prolateral intercarinal surface with series of large spiniform granules. Patella carinae strongly developed, granular; prolateral intercarinal surface with five or six large, subspiniform granules. Chela manus prodorsal and dorsomedian carinae absent; retrodorsal carina weakly developed, granular. Fixed finger, median denticle row comprising eight oblique subrows, each flanked by pro- and retrolateral supernumerary denticles. Movable finger, median denticle row with short terminal row comprising four denticles preceded by eight oblique subrows, each flanked by pro- and retrolateral supernumerary denticles. Legs: Leg I length 2× carapace length (table 10). Telotarsi ventral surfaces densely covered with short setae; ungues markedly curved. Pectines: Pectinal plate 1.65× wider than long; posterior margin distinctly rounded; pectinal tooth count 16/15 (♂) (fig. 9C, table 5). Mesosoma: Tergites width similar to carapace posterior width; I and II slightly narrower (table 5). Pretergites surfaces smooth to finely granular. Posttergites surfaces weakly granular; I–VI with dorsomedian carinae weakly granular, restricted to posterior half of each segment; VII surface weakly granular, dorsomedian carinae moderately granular, dorsosubmedian carinae weakly granular, dorsolateral carinae absent. Sternites III–VI, surfaces smooth; VII surface smooth, ventrolateral carinae reduced to few granules. Metasoma: Metasoma length 3.23× mesosoma length (table 10). Segments longer than wide; increasing in length posteriorly, segment V 2× length of I; carinae weakly developed, smooth on segments I–IV (figs. 17–21H), absent or obsolete on V (figs. 20–22H); intercarinal surfaces sparsely granular. Telson: Vesicle elongate, ovoid; ventral surface shallowly convex; subaculear tubercle narrow and angular in lateral aspect, directed toward midpoint of aculeus. Aculeus angled ventrally at slightly less than 90° (figs. 23–25H). Variation: Base color varies from pale yellow to light orange with considerable variation in infuscation of the carapace and mesosoma, despite localities being less than 50 km apart. Adult males and females differ as follows. The mesosoma is proportionally longer and slenderer, the metasoma up to 3× longer, with segment V markedly longer, and the telson more elongate, with the vesicle more rounded and bilobed posteriorly, in males (figs. 20H, K, 21H, K, 22H, K, table 5). The tegument is more densely infuscate, the pectinal plate produced into a rounded lobe posteriorly, which is punctate and slightly infuscate, and the telson shorter and narrower with the vesicle surfaces less granular, in females (figs. 9C, D, 23H, K, 24H, K, 25H, K, 34–35A, B). DISTRIBUTION: Centruroides berstoni is endemic to the Izabal Department of Guatemala and has been recorded from several localities around Morales and Río Dulce (figs. 1B, D, 4). ECOLOGY: The localities at which C. berstoni was recorded range in altitude from 15–17 m and occur in a region of humid tropical lowland rainforest. Specimens were collected at night with UV light detection, mostly on trees, sitting on bark or branches, and large shoots of bamboo. The habitat and habitus are consistent with the arboreal, corticolous ecomorphotype (Prendini, 2001a). REMARKS: The paratype female of C. schmidti, from Morales, Guatemala, was misidentified by Sissom (1995). Differences between the paratype and other females that species, evident from the illustrations (Sissom, 1995: 94–95 figs. 16–18), include faint reticulate infuscation on the chelicerae, less infuscation of the carapace and tergites, less granulation and setation of the metasomal segments, and a bilobed telson vesicle. MATERIAL EXAMINED: GUATEMALA: Departamento Izabal: Município Livingston: Biotopo Chocón Machacas, 15°44′05.3″N 88°54′57.2″W, 15 m, 25.ix.2019, A.M. Goodman, 8 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv. ♂ (CASENT 9073271); Río Dulce, Hotel Tijax, 15°40′12.2″N 89°00′27″W, 49 m, 8.vii.2006, J. Huff, C. Víquez, and D. Ortíz, collected along trails through old secondary growth tropical forest using UV at night, 1 ♂ (AMNH [LP 5984]), 15°39′51.2″N 89°00′14.6″W, 17 m, 24.ix.2019, A.M. Goodman, collected along gravel road of Hacienda Tijax Parking Lot, flanked by bamboo groves and live fencing, 1 ♂ (CASENT 9073272), 15°44′05.3″N 88°54′57.2″W, 15 m, 25.ix.2019, A.M. Goodman, 8 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv. ♂ (CASENT 9073271). Município Morales: Morales, Finca Fiymeza, Sendero Anfibio, 15°24′24.1″N 88°41′46.8″W, 595 m, 17.viii.2017, D. Barrales and R. Monjaraz, 1 juv. ♀ (CNAN SC3968).Published as part of Goodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F. & Esposito, Lauren A., 2021, Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical " Thorellii " Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species, pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452) on pages 8-13, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/582589
Centruroides chanae Goodman & Prendini & Francke & Esposito 2021, sp. nov.
No full textCentruroides chanae, sp. nov. Figures 2, 3, 7C, D, 10C, D, 15B, 16B, 17I, L, 18I, L, 19I, L, 20I, L, 21I, L, 22I, L, 23I, L, 24I, L, 25I, L, 40,41, tables 1, 9, 10 TYPE MATERIAL: MEXICO: Guerrero: Município Copala: Holotype ♂ (CNAN T01407), Microondas Fogos, 16°33′59.5″N 98°53′18.1″W, 14 m, 2.xi.2007, O.F. Francke, H. Montaño, and A. Ballesteros; 2 ♂ paratypes (CNAN T01403, T01404), 2 ♀ paratypes (CNAN T01405, T01406), same data except: 103 m, 22.vi.2007, O.F. Francke, M. Escalante, H. Montaño, and J. Ballesteros. ETYMOLOGY: The species name honors Kendra Chan, a friend of the first author, who passed away in 2018. DIAGNOSIS: Centruroides chanae is most closely related to C. hoffmanni, from which it differs as follows. A dark line along the lateral margins of the carapace and mesosomal tergites I–III, and pale stripe medially on the carapace and tergites, present in C. chanae, are absent in C. hoffmanni (fig. 7A, D). The carapace, pedipalps, tergites, and metasoma are less infuscate, creating a less mottled appearance, in C. chanae than C. hoffmanni. More reticulate infuscation is present on the chelicerae of C. chanae than those of C. hoffmanni. The interocular triangle is less darkly infuscate in C. chanae than C. hoffmanni. The marbled infuscation of the mesosomal sternites is faint or absent in C. chanae but pronounced in C. hoffmanni. The carapace is shorter, its length and width similar, in C. chanae, but longer, its length greater than its width, in C. hoffmanni. The carapace surfaces are more finely granular, the carinae less developed and the sulci broader and shallower in C. chanae than C. hoffmanni. The pedipalp chela manus of the male is less incrassate in C. chanae (figs. 15, 16A) than C. hoffmanni (figs. 15, 16B). The ventral surfaces of the telotarsi of leg I are more coarsely and densely setose in C. chanae than C. hoffmanni. The pectinal tooth count of the male is higher in C. chanae, usually 17 (fig. 10A) than C. hoffmanni, usually 15 (fig. 10C, tables 8, 9). The ventrolateral carinae of mesosomal sternite VII are distinct, granular and the ventrosubmedian carinae weakly developed, granular in C. chanae, whereas the ventrolateral carinae are granular, and the ventrosubmedian carinae weakly granular and restricted to the posterior half of the segment in C. hoffmanni. Although the metasomal segments of the male are shorter and broader in C. chanae than C. hoffmanni, the metasoma is more than 3× (up to 3.3×) the length of the mesosoma in C. chanae, but less than 3× its length in C. hoffmanni (table 10). The ventrolateral and ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments I–IV are less pronounced in C. chanae, being finely granular to subserrate on I–III and obsolete, smooth on IV (figs. 18I, L, 19I, L), compared with slightly serrate on I–IV in C. hoffmanni (fig. 18C, F, 19C, F). The ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments I and II are absent or obsolete in C. chanae but very pronounced in C. hoffmanni. The telson of the male is shorter, the vesicle rounded posteriorly, in C. chanae (figs. 23–25I) whereas the telson is elongate and the vesicle bilobed posteriorly in C. hoffmanni (figs. 23–25C). 1 Sum of carapace, tergites I–VII, metasomal segments I–V, and telson; 2 distance between median ocelli; 3 sum of trochanter, femur, patella, and chela; 4 measured from base of condyle to tip of fixed finger; 5 sum of tergites I–VII; 6 sum of metasomal segments I–V and telson. DESCRIPTION: The following description is based on the holotype male, with differences among other material noted in the section on variation. Coloration: Base color light yellow, with extensive infuscation, creating mottled or marbled pattern. Carapace with uniformly infuscate marbling, more densely infuscate medially. Pedipalp chela fingers and manus, dorsal and retrolateral intercarinal surfaces with moderately infuscate marbling; prolateral and ventral intercarinal surfaces mostly immaculate. Legs retrolateral surfaces with infuscate marbling; prolateral surfaces pale, immaculate. Tergites with unformly infuscate mottling, pale stripe medially, blackish spots submedially, and faint, narrow bands laterally. Sternites pale, mostly immaculate. Metasomal segments uniformly marbled; segment V and telson markedly infuscate, noticeably darker than preceding segments. Carapace: Shape trapezoidal; anterior width four-fifths of posterior width (table 9); anteromedian sulcus moderately deep, oval; posteromedian sulcus shallow anteriorly, deep posteriorly; median ocular tubercle weakly granular; carinae moderately developed, comprising small to medium-sized granules; lateral ocular and posterosubmedian carinae distinct; intercarinal surfaces finely and evenly granular (fig. 7D). Pedipalps: Orthobothriotaxic, Type A; femur dorsal trichobothria with α configuration; pedipalp chela fixed finger, trichobothrium db situated slightly distal to et. Femoral carinae strongly developed, serrate; retromedian carinae comprising spiniform granules; prolateral intercarinal surface with series of large spiniform granules. Patella carinae strongly developed, granular; prolateral intercarinal surface with five or six large, subspiniform granules. Chela manus dorsomedian and retrodorsal carinae complete, granular; prodorsal carina absent. Fixed finger, median denticle row comprising eight oblique subrows, each flanked by pro- and retrolateral supernumerary denticles. Movable finger, median denticle row with short terminal row comprising four denticles preceded by eight oblique subrows, each flanked by pro- and retrolateral supernumerary denticles. Legs: Leg I length 1.79× greater than carapace length (table 10). Telotarsi ventral surfaces densely covered with short setae; ungues markedly curved. Pectines: Pectinal plate 1.65× wider than long; posterior margin distinctly rounded; pectinal tooth count 17/17 (♂) (fig. 10C, table 9). Mesosoma: Tergites width similar to carapace posterior width; I and II slightly narrower (table 9). Pretergites surfaces smooth to finely granular. Posttergites surfaces weakly granular; I–VI with dorsomedian carinae finely granular on I–III, absent on IV–VI; VII surface weakly granular, dorsomedian carina absent, dorsosubmedian and dorsolateral carinae smooth. Sternites III– VI, surfaces smooth; VII surface, ventrolateral and ventrosubmedian carinae smooth. Metasoma: Metasoma length 3.1× mesosoma length (table 9). Segments longer than wide; increasing in length posteriorly, segment V 2× length of I; carinae finely granular on segments I–III, smooth on IV, absent on V; intercarinal surfaces sparsely granular (figs. 17–22I). Telson: Vesicle elongate, ovoid; ventral surface shallowly convex; ventromedian carina granular, terminating at subaculear tubercle; subaculear tubercle narrow and angular in lateral aspect, directed toward midpoint of aculeus. Aculeus angled ventrally at slightly less than 90° (fig. 25I). Variation: Base coloration varies from light yellow to orange with considerable variation in infuscation of the carapace and mesosoma (figs. 40, 41A, B). Adult males and females differ as follows. The prodorsal carina of the pedipalp chela manus is absent, the pectinal tooth count higher (16 or 17), the mesosoma proportionally longer and slenderer, the metasoma up to 3× longer, with segment V markedly longer, and the telson more elongate, with the vesicle more rounded and smoother, in males (figs. 23I, L, 24I, L, 25I, L, table 9). The prodorsal carina is granular and restricted to the distal half of the chela manus, the tegument more densely infuscate, the pectinal plate produced into a rounded lobe posteriorly, which is punctate and slightly infuscate, the pectinal tooth count lower (13 or 14), and the telson shorter and narrower, with the vesicle surfaces weakly granular, in females (figs. 10C, D, 12B, C, 15–16B, 20I, L, 22I, L, 23I, L, 24I, L, 25I, L, table 9). DISTRIBUTION: Centruroides chanae is endemic to the states of Guerrero and Michoacán, in southwestern Mexico. The known records extend from eastern Michoacán, near the border of Colima, to western Guerrero, south of the Sierra Madre del Sur and east of the Sierra Madre Occidental (fig. 3). ECOLOGY: The localities at which C. chanae has been recorded range in altitude from 8 to 221 m. The habitat at these localities varies from low to medium-height deciduous tropical forest and savanna to mangroves and oaks near the coastline. Specimens from Microondas Fogos were collected on fence poles in rangeland at night. The habitat and habitus are consistent with the arboreal, corticolous ecomorphotype (Prendini, 2001a). 1 Sum of carapace, tergites I–VII, metasomal segments I–V, and telson; 2 distance between median ocelli; 3 sum of trochanter, femur, patella, and chela; 4 measured from base of condyle to tip of fixed finger; 5 sum of tergites I–VII; 6 sum of metasomal segments I–V and telson. MATERIAL EXAMINED: MEXICO: Guerrero: Município Copala: Microondas Fogos, 16°33′59.5″N 98°53′18.1″W, 103 m, 22.vi.2007, O.F. Francke, M. Escalante, H. Montaño, and A. Ballesteros, 1 ♂ (AMNH [LP 7032]), 1 juv. ♂ (CNAN SC3983), 14 m, 2.xi.2007, O.F. Francke, H. Montaño, and A. Ballesteros, 3 ♂ (CNAN SC3978), 1 ♀ (AMNH [LP 8582]). Michoacán: Município Aquila: Faro de Bucerias, 18°21′08.3″N 103°30′20.9″W, 13 m, 10.iii.2002, J. Ponce, low deciduous forest, 1 juv. ♀ (CNAN SC3982), 13.iv.2002, J. Ponce, low deciduous forest, 2 ♂ (CNAN SC3979, SC3980), 3 ♂ (CNAN SC4005), 18°35′50.5″N 103°30′04.3″W, 221 m, 14.iv.2002, J. Ponce and E. González, low deciduous forest, 1 ♂ (AMNH [LP 2009]). Município Aquila: La Llorona, el Faro, 18°20′17.2″N 103°29′49.2″W, 8 m, 6.v.2000, E. Miranda, beach gap, 1 ♂ (CNAN SC3981). 1 Sum of carapace, tergites I–VII, metasomal segments I–V, and telson; 2 distance between median ocelli; 3 sum of trochanter, femur, patella, and chela; 4 measured from base of condyle to tip of fixed finger; 5 sum of tergites I–VII; 6 sum of metasomal segments I–V and telson. MATERIAL EXAMINED: MEXICO: Guerrero: Município Copala: Microondas Fogos, 16°33′59.5″N 98°53′18.1″W, 103 m, 22.vi.2007, O.F. Francke, M. Escalante, H. Montaño, and A. Ballesteros, 1 ♂ (AMNH [LP 7032]), 1 juv. ♂ (CNAN SC3983), 14 m, 2.xi.2007, O.F. Francke, H. Montaño, and A. Ballesteros, 3 ♂ (CNAN SC3978), 1 ♀ (AMNH [LP 8582]). Michoacán: Município Aquila: Faro de Bucerias, 18°21′08.3″N 103°30′20.9″W, 13 m, 10.iii.2002, J. Ponce, low deciduous forest, 1 juv. ♀ (CNAN SC3982), 13.iv.2002, J. Ponce, low deciduous forest, 2 ♂ (CNAN SC3979, SC3980), 3 ♂ (CNAN SC4005), 18°35′50.5″N 103°30′04.3″W, 221 m, 14.iv.2002, J. Ponce and E. González, low deciduous forest, 1 ♂ (AMNH [LP 2009]). Município Aquila: La Llorona, el Faro, 18°20′17.2″N 103°29′49.2″W, 8 m, 6.v.2000, E. Miranda, beach gap, 1 ♂ (CNAN SC3981).Published as part of Goodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F. & Esposito, Lauren A., 2021, Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical " Thorellii " Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species, pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452) on pages 22-33, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/582589
Review of: Weaver, Chester C., Jr. 2020. \u3cem\u3eThe Things Which Become Sound Doctrine: The Life of Aaron M. Shank\u3c/em\u3e.
No full textThe Things Which Become Sound Doctrine: The Life of Aaron M. Shank offers a window into the rise and development of several conservative Mennonite groups in southeastern Pennsylvania in the mid- to late-twentieth century. Deeply influenced by the book’s subject, the author offers a historical account of Aaron M. Shank (1915-2003), whose role was instrumental in shaping the origin and growth of the Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church (EPMC), which came from Lancaster Mennonite Conference (LMC) in 1968, and the Pilgrim Mennonite Conference (PMC), which came from EPMC in 1992. [First paragraph.
FIGURE 21. Centruroides Marx, 1890, metasomal segment V, ventral aspect. A, D. C. rileyi Sissom, 1995, A in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
No full textFIGURE 21. Centruroides Marx, 1890, metasomal segment V, ventral aspect. A, D. C. rileyi Sissom, 1995, A. ♂ (CNAN SC4002), D. ♀ (CNAN SC4003). B, E. C. hamadryas, sp. nov., B. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01408), E. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01415). C, F. C. hoffmanni Armas, 1996, C. ♂, F. ♀ (CNAN SC3996). G, J. C. cuauhmapan, sp. nov., G. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01396), J. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01399). H, K. C berstoni, sp. nov., H. holotype ♂ (CASENT 9073325), K. paratype ♀ (CASENT 9073313). I, L. C. chanae, sp. nov., I. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01403), L. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01405). M, P. C. catemacoensis, sp. nov., M. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01424), P. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01423). N, Q. C. schmidti Sissom, 1995, N. ♂ (CASENT 9073316), Q. ♀ (CASENT 9073317). O, R. C. yucatanensis, sp. nov., O. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01416), R. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01417). Scale bars = 2 mm.Published as part of Goodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F. & Esposito, Lauren A., 2021, Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species, pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452) on page 45, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/582589
Centruroides cuauhmapan Goodman & Prendini & Francke & Esposito 2021, sp. nov.
No full textCentruroides cuauhmapan, sp. nov. Figures 2, 3, 5A, B, 8A, B, 11A, 12A, 17A, D, 18A, D, 19A, D, 20A, D, 21A, D, 22A, D, 23A, D, 24A, D, 25A, D, 28, 29, tables 1, 3, 10 Centruroides schmidti: Francke, 2007: 69, 71, 72, fig. 1 (misidentification); Armas and Martín-Frías, 2008: 7–10, 12, 17, 19, 20, figs. 2–4, table XIV (misidentification). TYPE MATERIAL: MEXICO: Oaxaca: Município San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec: Holotype ♂ (CNAN T01396), 4 ♀ paratypes (CNAN T01399 – T01402), 17 km from San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec, Cerro del Oro Dam, 17°59′55″N 96°15′47.2″W, 74 m, 23.v.1990, E. Barrera and A. Cadena. Veracruz: Município Actopan: 2 ♂ paratypes (CNAN T01397, T01398), Los Idolos, 19°25′44.9″N 96°32′12.4″W, 112 m, 5.v.2006, O.F. Francke, P. Berea, and J. Ballesteros, collected with UV detection. 1 Sum of carapace, tergites I–VII, metasomal segments I–V, and telson; 2 distance between median ocelli; 3 sum of trochanter, femur, patella, and chela; 4 measured from base of condyle to tip of fixed finger; 5 sum of tergites I–VII; 6 sum of metasomal segments I–V and telson. ETYMOLOGY: The species name is a noun in apposition, taken from the Nahuatl word meaning “up in a tree” and alludes to the arboreal habitat of species in the genus. DIAGNOSIS: Centruroides cuauhmapan is most closely related to C. rileyi, from which it differs as follows. The posterosubmedian carinae on the carapace are absent in C. cuauhmapan (fig. 5D) but weakly developed in C. rileyi (fig. 5A). The retrodorsal carina of the pedipalp chela manus is finely granular, the dorsomedian carina distinct, granular, and the prodorsal carina distinct, granular and complete in the male of C. cuauhmapan (figs. 11, 12B), whereas the retrodorsal carina is smooth, the dorsomedian carina weakly granular, and the prodorsal carina weakly granular and restricted to the distal half of the segment in the male of C. rileyi (figs. 11, 12A). The ventrolateral and ventrosubmedian carinae of mesosomal sternite VII are distinct, granular and the intercarinal surfaces finely granular in C. cuauhmapan, whereas the ventrolateral and ventrosubmedian carinae are obsolete to absent and the intercarinal surfaces smooth in C. rileyi. The metasoma and telson are longer in the male and more robust, proportionally longer and broader, in the female of C. cuauhmapan than C. rileyi. The ventrolateral and ventrosubmedian carinae are distinct, granular on metasomal segments I–V in the male and female of C. cuauhmapan (figs. 18G, J, 19G, J, 21G, J, 22G, J), but granular on segment I in the female, vestigial on I–III, and smooth on IV and V in the male of C. rileyi (figs. 18A, D, 19A, D, 21A, D, 22A, D). The surfaces of the telson vesicle of the female are granular in C. cuauhmapan (figs. 23–25J), but smooth in C. rileyi (figs. 23–25D). DESCRIPTION: The following description is based on the holotype male, with differences among other material noted in the section on variation. Coloration: Base color pale yellow, with extensive infuscation, creating mottled or marbled pattern. Carapace with uniformly infuscate marbling, more densely infuscate medially. Pedipalp chela fingers and manus, dorsal and retrolateral intercarinal surfaces with moderately infuscate marbling; prolateral and ventral intercarinal surfaces immaculate. Legs retrolateral surfaces with infuscate marbling; prolateral surfaces pale, immaculate. Tergites with unformly infuscate mottling, pale stripe medially, blackish spots submedially, and distinct, narrow bands laterally. Sternites slightly infuscate posteriorly, with faintly infuscate triangular marking at posterior margin of sternite III, fading to infuscate mottling on sternite VII. Metasomal segments uniformly, faintly marbled; segment V and telson markedly infuscate, noticeably darker than preceding segments. Carapace: Shape trapezoidal; anterior width four-fifths of posterior width (table 3); anteromedian sulcus moderately deep, oval; posteromedian sulcus shallow anteriorly, deeper posteriorly; carinae moderately developed, comprising small to medium-sized granules (fig. 5C). Pedipalps: Orthobothriotaxic, Type A; femur dorsal trichobothria with α configuration; pedipalp chela fixed finger, trichobothrium db situated slightly distal to et. Femoral carinae granular; dorsal intercarinal surface moderately granular; pro- and retrolateral intercarinal surfaces each with series of large spiniform granules. Patella carinae granular; prolateral intercarinal surface with eight to 10 large subspiniform granules. Chela manus slightly incrassate; dorsal secondary carina well developed, finely serrate; digital and retrolateral secondary carinae moderately developed, finely crenulate; retrodorsal carina well developed, coarsely crenulate; retroventral carina well developed, finely crenulate; proventral carina moderately developed, comprising few rounded granules; prodorsal carina well developed, coarsely serrate. Fixed and movable fingers each shallowly curved proximally. Fixed finger, median denticle row comprising eight oblique subrows, each flanked by pro- and retrolateral supernumerary denticles. Movable finger, median denticle row with short terminal subrow comprising four denticles preceded by eight oblique subrows, each flanked by pro- and retrolateral supernumerary denticles. Legs: Leg I length 1.92× greater than carapace length (table 10). Telotarsi ventral surfaces densely covered with short setae; ungues strongly curved. Pectines: Pectinal plate 1.8× wider than long; posterior margin distinctly rounded; pectinal tooth count 14/14 (♂) (fig. 8C, table 3). Mesosoma: Tergites width similar to carapace posterior width; I and II slightly narrower (table 3). Pretergites surfaces smooth to finely granular. Posttergites surfaces weakly granular; I–VI with dorsomedian carinae vestigial and reduced to several small granules; VII surface finely granular, dorsomedian and dorsosubmedian carinae present, dorsolateral carinae finely serrate. Sternites III–VI, surfaces smooth; VII surface weakly granular, ventrolateral carinae serrate. Metasoma: Metasoma length 2.86× mesosoma length (table 3). Segments longer than wide; increasing in length posteriorly, segment V 2× length of I; carinae distinct, granular; intercarinal surfaces sparsely granular (figs. 20–22G). Telson: Vesicle elongate, ovoid; ventral surface shallowly convex, moderately granular; ventromedian carina granular, terminating at subaculear tubercle; subaculear tubercle narrow and angular in lateral aspect, directed toward midpoint of aculeus. Aculeus angled ventrally at slightly less than 90° (figs. 23–25G). Variation: Adult males and females differ as follows. The dorsomedian carinae of the pedipalp patella are absent, the pectinal tooth count slightly higher (13 or 14), the mesosoma proportionally longer and slenderer, and the metasoma longer, in males (figs. 28A, B, 29A, B, table 3). The first pair of legs are shorter and stouter, the pectinal tooth count slightly lower (11–13), and the metasomal carinae more developed and finely serrate in females (figs. 8C, D, 17G, J, 18G, J, 19G, J, 20G, J, 21G, J, 22G, J, 23G, J, 24G, J, 25G, J, table 3). DISTRIBUTION: Centruroides cuauhmapan is endemic to eastern Mexico and recorded from two localities in the state of Veracruz and a third, approximately 200 km south, in the state of Oaxaca (fig. 3). ECOLOGY: The localities at which C. cuauhmapan has been recorded range in altitude from 74 to 555 m. The habitat at these localities varies from subtropical highland forest to humid subtropical forest. One individual was collected in a coffee plantation in lowland rainforest. The habitat and habitus are consistent with the arboreal, corticolous ecomorphotype (Prendini, 2001a). REMARKS: Specimens from Córdoba, Veracruz, were misidentified as C. schmidti by Armas and Frías (2008). This species has not been recorded from Mexico. MATERIAL EXAMINED: MEXICO: Oaxaca: Município San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec: Cerro del Oro Dam, 17 km from San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec, 17°59′55″N 96°15′47.2″W, 74 m, 23.v.1990, E. Barrera and A. Cadena, 1 ♂ (CNAN SC4001). Veracruz: Município Amatlán de los Reyes: Cañada Blanca, 18°55′43.5″N 96°51′26″W, 555 m, 18.vii.2002, E. González, found in coffee plantation in lowland rainforest, collected at night with UV light, 1 ♂ (AMNH [LP 2073]).Published as part of Goodman, Aaron M., Prendini, Lorenzo, Francke, Oscar F. & Esposito, Lauren A., 2021, Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical " Thorellii " Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species, pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (452) on pages 33-41, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.452.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/582589
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