5,606 research outputs found
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Unit 057 - Quadtrees and Scan Orders
Get PDFThis unit covers topics including raster scan orders (Bostrophedon, Morton, Pi-order); an introduction to quadtrees and how they are constructed; applications of quadtrees; and quadtree addressing
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Unit 054 - Representing Fields
Get PDFThis unit answers the questions, What is a field? What types of fields are there? What is the difference between fields and discrete entities? and How are fields represented
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Unit 002 - What is Geographic Information Science?
Get PDFThis unit covers definitions of geographic information, geographic information technologies, geographic information systems and geographic information science
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Unit 055 - Rasters
Get PDFThis unit covers topics including the definition of raster; raster layers, how they are sampled from reality and how they represent reality; geometry and topology of rasters and edge effects on rasters; other forms of rasters including hexagonal and curved surfaces; run length encoding; and issues about working with rasters
Internet of things
Get PDFManual of Digital Earth / Editors: Huadong Guo, Michael F. Goodchild, Alessandro Annoni .- Springer, 2020 .- ISBN: 978-981-32-9915-3Digital Earth was born with the aim of replicating the real world within the digital world. Many efforts have been made to observe and sense the Earth, both from space (remote sensing) and by using in situ sensors. Focusing on the latter, advances in Digital Earth have established vital bridges to exploit these sensors and their networks by taking location as a key element. The current era of connectivity envisions that everything is connected to everything. The concept of the Internet of Things(IoT)emergedasaholisticproposaltoenableanecosystemofvaried,heterogeneous networked objects and devices to speak to and interact with each other. To make the IoT ecosystem a reality, it is necessary to understand the electronic components, communication protocols, real-time analysis techniques, and the location of the objects and devices. The IoT ecosystem and the Digital Earth (DE) jointly form interrelated infrastructures for addressing today’s pressing issues and complex challenges. In this chapter, we explore the synergies and frictions in establishing an efficient and permanent collaboration between the two infrastructures, in order to adequately address multidisciplinary and increasingly complex real-world problems. Although there are still some pending issues, the identified synergies generate optimism for a true collaboration between the Internet of Things and the Digital Earth
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Discrete Global Grids: A Web Book
Get PDFDiscrete Global Grids: A Web Book (2002) was edited by Michael F. Goodchild and A. Jon Kimerling and produced with the support of the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (NCGIA). This document reproduces the eight ‘chapters’ of the book, each of which deals with a specific aspect of discrete global grids as a method for specifying geographic location on the surface of the earth. The chapters are as follows:Chapter 1: Developing an Equal Area Global Grid by Small Circle Subdivision, by Lian Song, A. Jon Kimerling and Kevin SahrChapter Two: Interoperable Cooordinate Transformation and Identification of Coordinate Systems, by Daniel SpechtChapter Three: Discovering, Modeling and Visualizing Global Grids over the Internet, by Yvan G. Leclerc, Martin Reddy, Lee Iverson and Michael EriksenChapter Four: The Global Spatial Model, by Earl F. BurkholderChapter Five: EASE-Grid- A Versatile Set of Equal-Area Projections and Grids, by Mary J. Brodzik and Kenneth W. KnowlesChapter Six: Ellipsoidal Area Computations of Large Terrestrial Objects, by Hrvoje LukatelaChapter Seven: A Seamless Global Terrain Model in the Hipparchus System, by Hrvoje LukatelaChapter Eight: Criteria and Measures for the Comparison of Global Geocoding System
Towards Geodesign: Repurposing Cartography and GIS?
No full textOne of the original visions for GIS was as a tool for creating designs, but GIS has evolved in numerous other directions. Definitions of geodesign are reviewed, together with a short history of the concept. A distinction is drawn between Design and design, the latter being addressed through spatial decision support systems, and the former being seen as a superset of the latter. Geodesign also has a strong and well-defined relationship with cartography. The vision of landscape architecture propounded by the late Ian McHarg also provides a foundation for geodesign. Two existing gaps in the computation tools available for geodesign are identified: support for sketch and implementation of models representing scientific knowledge of how the world works. Two important areas of research are identified that would address problems that currently impede geodesign
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Two Perspectives on Geographical Data Modelling (90-11)
Get PDFThe two articles that comprise this technical report address a fundamental problem for geographic information, namely the modeling of space, from two different points of view. In today’s GIS a number of methods to model space are used, often without sufficient theoretical analysis. In geographical research, appropriate concepts for modeling space are used, again often without a discussion of their implicit simplifications and restrictions. In his paper, Michael Goodchild addresses this problem by proposing a single unifying spatial concept to which many other concepts can be linked. Andrew Frank’s article describes the building of a framework for the terms spatial concepts, geometric data model and spatial data structure, and defines theses notions and gives examples
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