211,277 research outputs found
Spectral Properties of Soil Grains as Inferred from Images of the Optical Microscope onboard the Phoenix Mars Lander
No full textThe Optical Microscope (OM) onboard the Phoenix Mars Lander has returned high-resolution (4 μm/px) color images of soil particles at the landing site. Spectral information was acquired by illuminating the soil samples with four different types of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs): UV (375 nm, weak emission at 705 nm), blue (B, 468 nm), green (G, 525 nm), and red (R, 636 nm) [Hecht et al., JGR 113, E00A22, 2008]. Analysis of images acquired in the visible channels (R, G, B) lead to the distinction of four different types of particles: (1) red fines (< 10 μm), (2) brown sand (20-100 μm), (3) black sand (20-100 μm), and (4) white fines (< 10 μm) [Goetz et al., JGR 115, E00E22, 2010]. Most particles (except white fines) were found to be substantially magnetic with a saturation magnetization in the range 0.5-2 A m2/kg. Different strategies were used to derive further information on these particles from the UV images. Their analysis is complicated due to the dual emission of the UV LEDs. Potential UV luminescent particles would be expected to belong to the brightest soil particle population, as dark (black) particles would auto-absorb luminescent emission. However, when taking into account the bright particles’ near-infrared reflectance (705 nm) that would be expected based on their known red reflectance (636 nm) analysis shows that particles with increasing brightness in the RGB color images do not become brighter in UV images. Statistical analysis of the UV images suggests that soil material as a whole does not show any measurable UV luminescence. Its potential quantum efficiency (QE) must be smaller than 0.01 %. An extensive search for particles that would shine up in the UV images was also unsuccessful. From these observations we conclude that the imaged soils do not show a measurable homogeneous level of luminescent emission. Furthermore we exclude the presence of strongly luminescent mineral grains in an (otherwise) non-luminescent soil matrix
Spectral Properties of Soil Grains as Inferred from Images of the Optical Microscope onboard the Phoenix Mars Lander
No full textThe Optical Microscope (OM) onboard the Phoenix Mars Lander has returned high-resolution (4 μm/px) color images of soil particles at the landing site. Spectral information was acquired by illuminating the soil samples with four different types of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs): UV (375 nm, weak emission at 705 nm), blue (B, 468 nm), green (G, 525 nm), and red (R, 636 nm) [Hecht et al., JGR 113, E00A22, 2008]. Analysis of images acquired in the visible channels (R, G, B) lead to the distinction of four different types of particles: (1) red fines (< 10 μm), (2) brown sand (20-100 μm), (3) black sand (20-100 μm), and (4) white fines (< 10 μm) [Goetz et al., JGR 115, E00E22, 2010]. Most particles (except white fines) were found to be substantially magnetic with a saturation magnetization in the range 0.5-2 A m2/kg. Different strategies were used to derive further information on these particles from the UV images. Their analysis is complicated due to the dual emission of the UV LEDs. Potential UV luminescent particles would be expected to belong to the brightest soil particle population, as dark (black) particles would auto-absorb luminescent emission. However, when taking into account the bright particles’ near-infrared reflectance (705 nm) that would be expected based on their known red reflectance (636 nm) analysis shows that particles with increasing brightness in the RGB color images do not become brighter in UV images. Statistical analysis of the UV images suggests that soil material as a whole does not show any measurable UV luminescence. Its potential quantum efficiency (QE) must be smaller than 0.01 %. An extensive search for particles that would shine up in the UV images was also unsuccessful. From these observations we conclude that the imaged soils do not show a measurable homogeneous level of luminescent emission. Furthermore we exclude the presence of strongly luminescent mineral grains in an (otherwise) non-luminescent soil matrix
Author Correction: The future of Blue Carbon science
No full textCorrection to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11693-w, published online 05 September 2019.
The original version of this Article contained an error in the author affiliations.
Affiliation 24 incorrectly read ‘School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, UK’
This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.Full Tex
Time-resolved Systems Immunology Reveals a Late Juncture Linked to Fatal COVID-19. Liu et al
No full textSupplemental Tables 1-7 for the paper: Can Liu, Andrew J. Martins, William W. Lau, Nicholas Rachmaninoff, ..., John S. Tsang. (2021). "Time-resolved Systems Immunology Reveals a Late Juncture Linked to Fatal COVID-19." Cell. In Press
RSS James Clark Ross Cruise 221, 26 May – 05 Jun 2010. PAP observatory development
No full textThis very short cruise was primarily to deploy a novel moored observatory at PAP (NE Atlantic), a long term study site at which a variety of observations have been made over the past 20 years with increasing levels of intensity and sophistication. This new design was in collaboration with the UK Met Office.In addition to this, a benthic lander was to be deployed which would transmit data by an acoustic link to the surface buoy and hence to land by satellite link. Unfortunately this was lost due to an imploding sphere.A number of equipment trials were also carried out to good effect. In addition studies were made on the effects of high CO2 of calcifying phytoplankton. A team of photographers were present to in order to increase public awareness of observational oceanography and numerous interviews were completed. In addition a daily web diary was maintained by the EuroSITES outreach team
RSS Discovery Cruise 296, 14-23 Jul 2005. Cork, Eire to Lisbon, Portugal. PAP observatory development
No full textDiscovery cruise 296 was one of a sequence of cruises to the repeat study site on the Porcupine Abyssal Plain, the so called “PAP observatory” at 49°N, 16.5°W. This study site has a water depth of 4800m and has been studied since 1989 from the perspective of the upper water column biogeochemistry, the downward flux of particulate matter and the ecology andbiogeochemistry of the underlying seabed. The site is 300km to the northeast of the location of the JGOFS NABE site that was the focus of an international experiment in 1989. Since 2003 it has formed part of the ANIMATE network of observatories in the Northeast Atlantic. This cruise followed immediately from D295T during which similar work was carried out. This report therefore covers the activity which was common to both cruises as well as that which was only carried out on D296 (Benthic studies).<br/
RRS James Cook Cruise 30, 26 Dec 2008-30 Jan 2009. Antarctic Deep Water Rates of Export (ANDREX)
No full textThis report describes scientific activities on RRS James Cook cruise 30, “ANDREX”, westwards from 30°E and in the vicinity of latitude 60°S, between late December 2008 and late January 2009. The cruise was terminated about halfway through by a medical emergency. Hydrographic work comprised 27 CTD/LADCP stations. Water samples were captured for measurement of salinity, dissolved oxygen, inorganic nutrients, oxygen isotope fraction, chlorofluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride, dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity, helium / tritium / noble gases and radiocarbon. Underway measurements comprised navigation, currents (ADCP), meteorology, and sea surface temperature and salinity. The remainder of the hydrographic section was executed a year later on RRS James Clark Ross, cruise JR239
RRS Discovery Cruise 360, 19 Jan-02 Feb 2011. Trials of the Autosub LR AUV, HyBIS, PELAGRA, Ellsworth Camera and MYRTLE-X Lander systems
No full textThere were five main objectives for the trials cruise: The first tests of the Autosub Long Range AUV, testing of the HyBIS video guided grab system, testing of the MYRTLE-X Lander systems, testing of a deep camera system for the Lake Ellsworth probe and test deployments of the PELAGRA neutrally buoyant sediment capture drifters.The working area was about 300 miles south west of the Canary Islands, in international waters, over benthic plains of 4000 m depth, with some tests of the video systems over a isolated sea mount rising to 1200 m depth. Most of the objectives of the cruise where met, with successful diving and control of the Autosub LR, tests of the HyBIS and Ellsworth camera systems, and 3 deployments and recoveries of two PELAGRA floats. Several wire tests of MYRTLE-X systems were carried out, predominantly successful, but concerns over the release system prevented a deployment of the lander
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
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